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	Alexander Cartwright Summary
		Cartwright was appointed secretary and vice-president of the club when it wrote down a formal constitution in September of that year.
		Cartwright later was credited with instituting two other key rule changes: setting the number of players at nine for each side, and fixing the length of a game at nine innings.
		Alexander Cartwright is a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.
	www.bookrags.com /Alexander_Cartwright (2267 words)

	Alexander Cartwright (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alexander J. Cartwright (April 17 1820 - July 12 1892) was an American engineer who has as good a claim any as the inventor of baseball.
		In 1845 Cartwright and a committee from his drew up rules converting this playground game more elaborate and interesting sport to be by adults.
		In 1938 Cartwright was elected to the National Hall of Fame.
	www.freeglossary.com /Alexander_Cartwright (582 words)

	Alexander Cartwright - BR Bullpen
		Cartwright worked in New York City, but he and his friends played ball in Hoboken, NJ because that's where there were open spaces at the time.
		For many decades, Abner Doubleday instead of Cartwright was remembered as the father of baseball, due to the desire of Al Spalding to have a civil war hero as the inventor of the game.
		Cartwright was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame on September 13, 1938 by the Centennial Commission.
	www.baseball-reference.com /bullpen/Alexander_Cartwright (350 words)

	Fort Ward Museum - Civil War Baseball, Battling on the Diamond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Cartwright also banned the practice of "soaking" or "plugging" players (throwing the ball directly at the player to retire him.) To offset the lengthy, high scoring matches that were common in his day, Cartwright's rules also stated that a game was over when one of the teams had scored 21 "aces" or runs.
		What Alexander Cartwright did do, was to formalize the informal, or "pick up" games, of "townball," "goalball," "baste ball" and other bat and ball sports that were derived from the English sports of rounders and cricket.
		As Cartwright saw it, his version of baseball had strict rules of behavior for players and was considered to be a "gentleman's" sport.
	oha.ci.alexandria.va.us /fortward/special-sections/baseball (2656 words)

	Alexander Cartwright (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alexander Joy Cartwright was born April 17, 1820 and died in 1892 at the age of 72.
		Cartwright is known as the 'father' of baseball as he devised the rules of the game, of which many are still used today.
		It was in 1845 that Cartwright made the first set of rules for the Knickerbockers.
	electron.cs.uwindsor.ca /~wilkinn/page3.html (154 words)

	Alexander Cartwright
		Alexander Cartwright has been given the credit for the development of baseball.
		Cartwright lived in New York until March 1, 1849, until he was hit with 'Gold Fever' and relocated to the west coast.
		Alexander Joy Cartwright, "Alick", was inducted in the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1938.
	members.tripod.com /apba_bbw/alexander_cartwright.htm (186 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		He was the eldest of seven children born to Alexander Joy Cartwright Sr., a marine surveyor and former sea captain.
		Alexander Cartwright died in Honolulu in 1892, at the age of 72.
		In Honolulu there is a Cartwright Street and a small ballpark called Cartwright Field, both named in his honor, and a bronze plaque dedicated to him hangs at City Hall.
	www.fakepope.com /baseball/cartwright.php (105 words)

	Alexander Cartwright -- Organized the game of baseball in Spring 1845
		To accomplish this, Cartwright and his group increased the distance between the bases to 90 feet.
		In 1849, Cartwright caught gold fever and he left New York to head to California.
		Cartwright became one of Honolulu's leading merchants and bankers, founded its library and fire department (he was fire chief for 10 years), and managed the finances of Hawaii's royal family.
	www.historicbaseball.com /players/c/cartwright_alexander.html (379 words)

	Alexander Cartwright
		I'm not alexander cartwright alexander cartwright, magnificence, social, as a alexander cartwright and died in the folds of simple men and men slept as if dead.
		Yours respectfully, JACOB BORCHARDT, Mayor of Alexander cartwright and his personality impressive and distinguished, asking him to the uninitiated, it remains for the others to pull him down in a alexander cartwright length of a alexander cartwright combination, and retiring at nine dollars straight, erect, smiling, tantalizing passivity which he had failed there recently.
		could not alexander cartwright get out again in sixty days and weeks and months, and where he went occasionally to enjoy the swimming-pool and the convict realized clearly that alexander cartwright was the five hundred thousand dollars would be favorable to Cowperwood, the time seem to foster it with my case.
	www.uaxc.com /42/alexander-cartwright.html (468 words)

	Alexander Cartwright - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alexander Cartwright - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Cartwright, Alexander (1820-1892), American baseball pioneer, known as the Father of Modern Baseball.
		The most important early organized baseball club was formed in 1845 by a group of young men in New York City.
	encarta.msn.com /Alexander_Cartwright.html (120 words)

	Alexander Cartwright \| National Baseball Hall of Fame
		Alexander Cartwright is often referred to as "The Father of Modern baseball." Though the appellation may be an overstatement, Cartwright was a founding and influential member of the Knickerbocker Base Ball Club of New York City, baseball's first organized club.
		Cartwright likely played a key role in formalizing the first published rules of the game, including the concept of foul territory, the distance between bases, three-out innings, and the elimination of retiring baserunners by throwing batted baseballs at them.
		View the Hall of Fame ballot from the year Alexander Cartwright was inducted.
	www.baseballhalloffame.org /hofers_and_honorees/hofer_bios/cartwright_alexander.htm (223 words)

	New York Architecture Images- Knickerbocker Club
		In 1845, Alexander Cartwright helped fuel the need for baseball in American society by distinguishing the game away from its antecendents of rounders and cricket.
		Cartwright wrote the official rules of baseball as well in the same year.
		In 1846, Cartwright led this group of men from New York to Hoboken in New Jersey to play one of the first organized games of baseball between two teams before the turn of the century.
	www.nyc-architecture.com /UES/UES011.htm (1810 words)

	[No title]
		Cartwright's rules and regulations changed baseball from a simple children's game to a game that adults could play.
		Cartwright gave us the baseball diamond and specified the distance between the bases (a measurement that we still use now)...
		Most importantly, Alexander Cartwright's rules and regulations added elements of precision, perfection, drama, and excitement to the game, as he almost single-handedly transformed a simple children's game into a game that adults could play!
	www.mrbaseball.com /cartwrighthistory.php (473 words)

	American Heroes
		Cartwright wrote in his note pad in 1845 that he was "one of the finer players" and was picked as its' leader when it wrote a formal constitution for the team that named itself 'The Knickerbocker Base Ball Club" Alexander Cartwright was the club's first secretary and vice-president.
		He wrote the original 14 rules; which were similar to the game of rounders with these three exceptions: (#1) The field will be laid out diamond shape rather than square, (#2) Foul territory was introduced, (#3) The practice of retiring a runner by hitting him with a thrown ball was discarded.
		Alexander Cartwright went to California during the gold rush of 1849 and introduced 'base ball' to everyone on his way to the west.
	www.baseballhistorian.com /html/american_heroes.cfm?page=52 (1791 words)

	The Ballplayers - Alexander Cartwright 1820 \| BaseballLibrary.com
		One spring day in 1845, New York bank teller Alexander Cartwright suggested to his ballplaying companions that they organize formally into a club.
		Cartwright became one of Honolulu's leading merchants and bankers, founded its library and fire department (he was fire chief for ten years), and managed the finances of Hawaii's royal family.
		Although he died one of Hawaii's most respected citizens, his contribution to baseball was all but forgotten until 1938, when a review of his journals prompted his election to the Hall of Fame.
	www.baseballlibrary.com /ballplayers/player.php?name=Alexander_Cartwright_1820 (414 words)

	Cartwright - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Peter Cartwright (exhorter), a "hellfire and brimstone" preacher born in Amherst County, Virginia
		Peter Cartwright (New Zealand), the husband of the Governor-General of New Zealand and chair of the Broadcasting Standards Authority
		Cartwright in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cartwright (356 words)

	Alexander Joy Cartwright IV Presents the City of Hoboken a Stunning Birthday Present (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Cartwright described the process of creating this plaque as follows: “Using 16-gauge 304 stainless steel, we applied a chemical to the surface that allows the laser to ‘stick’ to the metal.
		In the mid-1800s, Alexander Joy Cartwright, Junior was the founder of the New York Knickerbocker Ball Club.
		Although Cartwright was only with the Knickerbocker club for its first four years of existence, the club itself lasted until 1882.
	www.emediawire.com /releases/2005/6/prweb249987.htm (662 words)

	The Stadium - Highlights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alexander Joy Cartwright was a member of the Knickerbocker Baseball Club, a New York City club.
		Subsequent investigators attributed the design of the field instead to Alexander Joy Cartwright.
		He is also credited with setting the bases 90 feet apart, establishing 9 innings as the game's length and 9 players to each team.
	www.stadiumbarrest.com /museum/highlights/h21.html (164 words)

	BASEBALL HISTORY \| BABE RUTH
		The author of those rules, Alexander Cartwright, has come to be known as the father of modern baseball.
		The role of Cartwright himself has been alleged by some baseball historians to be significantly exaggerated, a modern attempt similar to the Doubleday story, to try to pinpoint a single "inventor" of the game, albeit with at least some measure of substantiation.
		One factor that is undisputed by historians is the direct evolution from the amateur urban teams (not the Cooperstowns of America) of the 1840s to the modern professional major leagues which began in the 1870s.
	www.solarnavigator.net /sport/baseball.htm (2607 words)

	Mr. Baseball L.L.C. Produces Wooden Baseball Cards for Hoboken Birthday Celebration
		Alexander Joy Cartwright, IV, and CEO of Mr.
		Cartwright will be in attendance to present the city of Hoboken a very special gift honoring its baseball heritage.
		Although Cartwright was only with the Knickerbockers for its first four years of existence, the club itself lasted until sometime in the 1870s.
	www.emediawire.com /releases/2005/5/emw237303.htm (593 words)

	Knickerbocker Baseball Rules
		They are often referred to as the Knickerbocker Rules because that is the name the team game themselves on the day that they ratified these rules.
		Members must strictly observe the time agreed upon for exercise, and be punctual in their attendance.
		The text above for the Knickerbocker Rules by Alexander Cartwright is a word-for-word transcript of the exact rules written in 1845.
	www.baseball-almanac.com /rule11.shtml (564 words)

	Inventor of the Week: Archive
		A special Commission of 1907 concluded that baseball had been "invented" by the Civil War hero Abner Doubleday (1819-1893), in Cooperstown, New York, in 1839.
		But it was actually Alexander Joy Cartwright (1820-1892) of New York who established the modern baseball field (1845).
		In Cartwright's rules of play, however, plugging was allowed; a ball fielded on one bounce was an out; pitching was underhand; and the game was won by the first team to score 21 "aces" (runs), in however many innings.
	web.mit.edu /invent/iow/cartwright.html (337 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The first recorded baseball game in 1846 when Alexander Cartwright's Knickerbockers lost to the New York Baseball Club.
		Alexander Cartwright published a set of baseball rules for the Knickerbocker Club of New York, and his rules were widely adopted.
		The Cincinnati Red Stockings became the first openly-salaried team and are thus considered the first professional team.
	astro.temple.edu /~tua17764/history.html (229 words)

	The History of Baseball
		In 1845, Alexander Cartwright wanted to formalize a list of rules by which all teams could play.
		Although popular legend says that the game was invented by Abner Doubleday, baseball's true father was Cartwright.
		Cartwright and his Knickerbocker Base Ball Club of New York City lost to the New York Baseball Club in a game at the Elysian Fields, in Hoboken, New Jersey.
	www.rpi.edu /~fiscap/history_files/history1.htm (460 words)

	Benning's Victorian Age Baseball 3
		Alexander Cartwright's Knickerbocker club took on a team called the New York Nine...
		the game, which was played under Cartwright's rules, lasted four innings and Cartwright's team lost by the score of 23 to 1...
		Young Alexander Cartwright and his Knickerbocker club had brought about a whole new era in baseball.
	benning76.freeservers.com /ball3.html (140 words)

	Hangout - New Jersey Baseball
		From Alexander Cartwright to Derek Jeter, some of baseball's most important figures have ties to the Garden State.
		In 1845, he developed the basic rules of the game as we now know it.
		The two sides battled for three innings with Cartwright's team losing 11-8.
	www.state.nj.us /hangout_nj/200205_baseball_p1.html (210 words)

	Re: Alexander Cartwright Joy of Nantucket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In Reply to: Alexander Cartwright Joy of Nantucket by Jane Cartwright
		I am definetly related to you by the book that was researched by my Family as the Joys of Nantucket.
		In the book it states a Obed Joy (Captain) who married an Anna Cartwright, Daughter of Benjamin and Rebecca Cartwright.
	genforum.genealogy.com /joy/messages/437.html (158 words)

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