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Topic: Alexander Milne Calder

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	Alexander Calder - Biography
		Alexander Calder, internationally famous by his mid-30s, is renowned for developing a new idiom in modern art-the mobile.
		Calder was born in 1898 in Philadelphia, the son of Alexander Stirling Calder and grandson of Alexander Milne Calder, both well-known sculptors.
		Calder created a miniature circus in his studio; the animals, clowns and tumblers were made of wire and animated by hand.
	www.rogallery.com /calder_alexander/calder-biography.htm (446 words)

	Alexander Calder
		"Alexander Calder: 1898-1976" was organized by Marla Prather, the gallery's curator of Twentieth Century art, in collaboration with Calder's grandson, Alexander S.C. Rower, director of The Alexander and Louisa Calder Foundation and editor of the Calder catalogue raisonne.
		Alexander Calder was the third generation sculptor in his family.
		Calder's father, A. Stirling Calder (1870-1945), was well known for graceful fountain and garden figures and commemorative statues, which ranged from Beaux Arts to Modernist in style.
	www.antiquesandthearts.com /archive/calder.htm (2517 words)

	ALEXANDER CALDER
		Alexander Calder, however, studied mechanical engineering from 1915 to 1919 at the Stevens Institute of technology at Hoboken, New jersey, and began to take an interest in landscape painting only in 1922 after having tried his hand at a variety of jobs.
		Calder and his fellow students soon proved to be good draughtsmen and made a game of rapidly sketching people in the streets and the underground.
		Calder was a master when it came to reach perfect balance with his mobiles and to express movement though he claimed to produce them simply by testing the balancing effect of his wired elements on his finger.
	www.artcult.com /calder.htm (826 words)

	Antiques and the Arts Online
		It will be spectacular to see the full achievement of the youngest Alexander Calder exhibited in the city of his birth and in the context of the sculpture of his father and grandfather.
		Alexander Calder was the third generation of the accomplished artistic family from Philadelphia.
		Calder was born in Lawnton, Penn., in 1898.
	www.antiquesandthearts.com /a2000.asp?a=TradeTalk05-21-2002-12-22-53 (865 words)

	Sculpture.org
		When Alexander Calder burst upon the art scene in the early 1930s, he was the first American artist of his generation to be an international sensation.
		Calder was descended from a family of sculptors and painters, but at the age of 17, he decided to study engineering.
		Calder is considered by sculptors and critics alike to be one of the true inventors of the 20th century.
	www.sculpture.org /documents/scmag98/calder/sm-caldr.shtml (2547 words)

	Untitled Document
		His grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, born in Scotland, was also a sculptor, best known perhaps for his equestrian statue of General Meade in Fairmount Park, Philadelphia and for his figure of William Penn on the dome of the Philadelphia City Hall.
		Calder "didn't understand his stuff"; nevertheless out of this meeting grew a friendship that was to be very valuable to Calder during the next ten years.
		Calder brought an art expression that was not immediately associable with the work of the great leaders of the prewar years, or even of the years before World War I, as was so commonly true of the most ambitious work visible in Paris exhibitions at the time.
	www.calder.org /SETS_SUB/life/texts/life_texts_sweeney51_con1.html (9821 words)

	lines and colors :: a blog about drawing, painting, illustration, comics, webcomics, cartoons, concept art and other ...
		Calder essentially invented the concept of a “mobile”, a sculputural construction in which shapes, often of metal, are suspended in a balanced arrangement from wires, most often in a way that allows for motion.
		Calder was born here in Philadelphia and the city has several fine examples of his work, including a large mobile and stabile on and near the Ben Franklin Parkway.
		Calder’s father, Stirling Calder was also a Philadelphia sculptor, and his grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, created the giant sculpture of William Penn on the top of City Hall Tower that is one of the prime symbols of the city.
	www.linesandcolors.com /2006/05/22/alexander-calder (935 words)

	Alexander Calder \| Untitled \| Hollis Taggart Galleries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		His grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, and father, Alexander Stirling Calder, created sculptures and public monuments, and his mother was a painter.
		Calder moved to Paris in 1926, and during his seven-year stay he delighted fellow artists including Man Ray, Joan Miró, Fernand Léger, Le Corbusier and Piet Mondrian and attracted the attention of art patrons with his whimsical wire figures and portrait heads.
		Calder’s use of irregular, biomorphic forms that recall the work of Miró reflected the influence of Surrealism and Dada, but it was the art and concepts of Mondrian that would have the most decisive impact on Calder’s work.
	www.hollistaggart.com /artists/calder_dg9251.htm (784 words)

	[No title]
		Alexander Calder, a sculptor and painter, was born in Lawton, Pennsylvania in 1898.
		Calder is most famous for his mobiles and large stabiles, although he also created paintings in gouache.
		Calder’s characteristic materials are metal and wire but he has worked with wood, porcelain, and glass as well.
	www.ettc.net /njarts/details.cfm?ID=407 (432 words)

	Alexander Calder (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Alexander Calder Alexander Calder (July 22 1898 - November 11 1976), also known as Sandy Calder, was an American sculptor and artist most famous for inventing the mobile.
		Born in Lawnton, Pennsylvania, Calder came from a family of sculptors, with both his father Alexander Stirling Calder and grandfather Alexander Milne Calder sharing the same name.
		Whilst a student, Calder became fascinated with the circus, sketching a number of studies on circus themes and sculpting a number of wire frame circus animals and carnival performers.
	alexander-calder.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (1251 words)

	artnet.com Magazine Features -- Calder Country (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Alexander Milne Calder's 37-foot-tall bronze statue of William Penn atop City Hall Tower in Philadelphia.
		When Alexander I modeled the William Penn that stands atop the dome of this French-inspired edifice, it was the largest statue ever cast in bronze in the United States.
		Because the nature of sculpture changed radically during the years Alexander II was active as an artist, his work is less well known than the statues by his father and the stabiles by his son.
	www.artnet.com /Magazine/features/tuchman/tuchman8-28-02.asp (976 words)

	Philadelphia Museum of Art - Information : Press Room : Press Releases : 2004
		With the installation of Calder’s works along the Parkway, Philadelphians and visitors alike can fully appreciate the boldness and brilliance of Calder’s art as they approach the area where the new museum is expected to rise.
		Alexander Stirling Calder, who was born in Philadelphia was especially noted for his Swann Memorial Fountain but also created many other sculptures throughout the city and on the Parkway.
		Alexander Calder was born in Lawnton, Pennsylvania, in 1898.
	www.philamuseum.org /press/releases/2004/411.html (853 words)

	Alexander Milne Calder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alexander Calder was born in Aberdeen, Scotland, the son of a tombstone carver.
		Calder immigrated to the United States in 1868 and settled in Philadelphia, where he took classes (as would his son Alexander Stirling Calder) with Thomas Eakins at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts.
		Both his son, Alexander Stirling Calder and his grandson Alexander Calder were to become significant sculptors in the 20th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alexander_Milne_Calder (302 words)

	Pew Charitable Trusts Teams with Art Museum to Initiate Outdoor Display of Calder Sculptures - Philadelphia Museum of ...
		With the installation of Calder’s large-scale works along the Parkway, Philadelphians and visitors alike will soon be able to fully appreciate the boldness and brilliance of Calder’s art as they approach the area where the Calder museum will rise.
		It will be spectacular to see the full achievement of Alexander Calder, one of the 20th century’s great artists, exhibited in the city of his birth and in the context of the sculpture of his father and grandfather.
		Alexander Sandy Calder (1898-1976) was the third generation of an accomplished artistic family from Philadelphia whose work can already be seen in dramatic succession along the Parkway.
	www.absolutearts.com /artsnews/2001/07/04/28806.html (1023 words)

	Alexander Calder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Born in Lawnton, Pennsylvania, Calder came from a family of sculptors, with both his father Alexander Stirling Calder and grandfather, sculptor Alexander Milne Calder, a Scot, sharing the same name.
		Calder continued to give "Cirque Calder" performances but also worked with Martha Graham, designing stage sets for her ballets with Erik Satie.
		Calder was one of 250 sculptors who exhibited in the 3rd Sculpture International held at the Philadelphia Museum of Art in the summer of 1949.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alexander_Calder (1981 words)

	Biographies Index A-L
		Alexander Calder, however, studied mechanical engineering from 1915 to 1919 and began to take an interest in landscape painting only in 1922 after having tried his hand at a variety of jobs.
		Calder and his fellow students made a game of rapidly sketching people in the streets and the underground and Calder was noted for his skill in conveying a sense of movement by a single unbroken line.
		Calder`s pawky delight in the comic and fantastic, which obtrudes even in his large works, was at the opposite pole from the Messianic seriousness of Mondrian.
	www.artloft.com /bioal.htm (11482 words)

	Alexander Calder \| American Sculptor \| Hollis Taggart Galleries
		Calder was born in a suburb of Philadelphia to a family of artists.
		During this period, Calder worked as a freelance illustrator and often visited zoos and circuses to sketch.
		Calder was impressed by Mondrian’s reduction of visual imagery to a vocabulary of flat planes of primary colors.
	www.hollistaggart.com /artists/calder.htm (763 words)

	ActionScript-ToolBox: by Alexander Calder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Alexander Calder (July 22 1898 – November 11 1976), also known as Sandy Calder, was an American sculptor and artist most famous for inventing the mobile.
		Soon, his Cirque Calder became popular with the Parisian avant-garde, and Calder was charging an entrance fee to see his two hour show of a circus that he could pack into suitcase.
		The Cirque Calder can be seen as the start of Calder's interest in both wire modeling and kinetic art with an eye to the engineering balance of the sculptures.
	www.actionscript-toolbox.com /quotes/author/Alexander-Calder.html (807 words)

	Calder_press
		Calder’s father, Alexander Sterling Calder, and his grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, were well-known sculptors of public monumental works.
		Soon Calder was transfixed with creating these wind-driven works, which were first shown in the United States in 1932.
		Calder’s playful personality is reflected in his artwork as he continually combined his technical mastery of physical principles with a capricious imagination.
	www.gpgallerydallas.com /ACalder_press.htm (356 words)

	Seaside Art Gallery of the Outer Banks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Calder's art is a reflection of his rich, benevolent character and his devotion to the splendor of the world around us
		He was born in Philadelphia in 1898, the son of Alexander Sterling Calder and the grandson of Alexander Milne Calder, well known sculptors of public monumental works.
		Calder's mobiles were first shown in the United States in 1932, and the next year he returned to America and purchased a home in Roxbury, Connecticut where he lived the remainder of his life and gained much attention from that time.
	www.seasideart.com /artist.asp?id=12 (495 words)

	Alexander Calder
		He was the son of Alexander Stirling Calder and the grandson of Alexander Milne Calder, both well-known sculptors.
		Alexander Calder made ingenious, witty use of natural and man-made materials including wire, sheet metal, wood and bronze to create his "mobiles," a name first used by Marcel Duchamp to describe this new idiom in modern art.
		Calder created mobiles (suspended, moving structures), standing mobiles (anchored, moving sculptures), and stabiles (stationary constructions).
	www.3d-dali.com /Artist-Biographies/Alexander_Calder.html (308 words)

	Philadelphia Museum of Art - Information : Press Room : Press Releases : 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		In a press briefing at the Rodin Museum, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, The Pew Charitable Trusts, and the Calder Foundation presented to the public four outdoor sculptures by the Philadelphia-born sculptor Alexander Calder (1898-1976), one of the great artists of the 20th century.
		It brings Calder’s celebrated works to Philadelphia, placing these works in dramatic context with the achievements of his father, Alexander Stirling Calder (1870–1945) who designed the Swann Memorial Fountain (1924) at Logan Circle and his grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder (1846-1923) who designed the figure of William Penn that stands atop City Hall’s clock tower (1886-1894).
		On February 14, 2001, Calder Foundation Director Alexander S. Rower, Philadelphia Mayor John F. Street, representatives from the Philadelphia Museum of Art along with other enthusiastic supporters, announced the selection of this city for the Calder museum and the Japan-based firm of Tadao Ando as architect.
	www.philamuseum.org /press/releases/2002/306.html (1323 words)

	TIME.com: Calder: The Mobile Stops -- Nov. 22, 1976 -- Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Calder's activity straddled two continents; he kept studios in France and the U.S., and was one of the first American-born artists to be accepted as a charter member by the European avantgarde.
		His Scottish-born grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, came to the U.S. at 22, later sculpted the famous 37-ft. statue of William Penn that stands atop Philadelphia's city hall.
		However, the third Alexander Calder demonstrated from his childhood an adventuresomeness and ingenuity that clearly marked him as no mere follower, even of his talented forebears.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,914687,00.html (686 words)

	Alexander Milne Calder sculptors and architects information (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Alexander Milne Calder'''Alexander Milne Calder''' (1846 andndash; 1923) was a United StatesAmerican sculptor.
		==Biography== Alexander Calder was born in Aberdeen, Scotland, the son of a Headstonetombstone carver.
		Calder immigrated to the United States in 1868 and settled in Philadelphia, where he took classes (as would his son Alexander Stirling Calder) with Thomas Eakins at the Pennsylvania Academy.
	www.artbrain.co.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /sculptors-architects/alexander-milne-calder.htm (227 words)

	ART / 4 / 2DAY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Calder also developed "stabiles," static sculptures that suggest volume in multiple flat planes, as well as standing mobiles, in which a mobile is balanced on top of a stabile.
		Calder was an artist of great originality who defined volume without mass and incorporated movement and time in art.
		So, in his early thirties Alexander Calder had not only found a project he would continue for the rest of his life, he had created a unique form of art, the mobile.
	www.freewebtown.com /canu/art/art4nov/art1111.html (9328 words)

	Plans nixed for Calder museum in Philadelphia (phillyBurbs.com) \| Pennsylvania News
		The Calder Foundation does not have complete authority over the artist's estate and organizers were unable to secure acceptable agreements with all six of Calder's heirs, who control the major pieces that would have been the foundation of the museum, to loan some works for up to 99 years.
		Diane Dalto, who was negotiating with the Calders for several years and overseeing the proposed museum's startup, has previously said that some family members were emotionally torn by the idea of parting with the art.
		His father, Alexander Stirling Calder, created the city's landmark Swann Memorial Fountain, while his grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, created the iconic statue of William Penn atop City Hall that for generations was Philadelphia's tallest building.
	www.phillyburbs.com /pb-dyn/news/103-09132005-540860.html (567 words)

	Philadelphia Department of Public Property
		The Calder family has a long history of creating sculptures and artwork for public display here in Philadelphia.
		Calder's father, Alexander Milne Calder, designed the William Penn statue on top of City Hall.
		Calder's son, Alexander Calder designed the mobile ‘Ghosts’ that hang in the grand stair hall of the Art Museum.
	www.phila.gov /property/vp_fountains_swan.html (242 words)

	Philadelphia Building Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Alexander Calder created all the sculpture on the building.
		As an aside, Alexander Calder II would later design Swann Memorial fountain found in Logan Circle and Alexander Calder III would even later decorate the Philadelphia Musuem of Art.
		Calder also designed the 27-ton cast-iron statue of Penn atop the tower, which is the largest single piece of sculpture on any building in the world.
	members.aol.com /rssaxon/bldgindex/cityhall.htm (506 words)

	Fairmount Park
		Calder's playfulness is evident in the bronze turtles and frogs that shoot water from the basin.
		At one end of the Parkway is City Hall, for which Stirling Calder's father, Alexander Milne Calder, designed hundreds of sculptures, including the giant statue of William Penn on the tower.
		On the square's northern lawn, in front of the Free Library, stands Stirling Calder's Shakespeare Memorial, a marvelous sculpture portrait of a morose Hamlet and Touchstone the fool, together representing Tragedy and Comedy.
	www.fairmountpark.org /logansquare.asp (813 words)

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