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Topic: Alexander of Bulgaria

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	Alexander of Bulgaria - LoveToKnow 1911
		ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893), first prince of Bulgaria, was the second son of Prince Alexander of Hesse and the Rhine by his morganatic marriage with Julia, countess von Hauke.
		Prince Alexander, who was born on the 5th of April 1857, was nephew of the tsar Alexander II., who had married a sister of Prince Alexander of Hesse; his mother, a daughter of Count Moritz von Hauke, had been lady-in-waiting to the tsaritsa.
		When Bulgaria under the Berlin Treaty was constituted an autonomous principality under the suzerainty of Turkey, the tsar recommended his nephew to the Bulgarians as a candidate for the newly created throne, and Prince Alexander was elected prince of Bulgaria by unanimous vote of the Grand Sobranye (April 29, 1879).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Alexander_of_Bulgaria (865 words)

	First World War.com - Who's Who - King Alexander I
		Born on 16 December 1888 in Cetinje, Montenegro, Alexander Karadjordjevic was the second son of King Peter I, who came to power as constitutional monarch of Serbia in the violent coup of 1903 that saw the downfall of the Obrenovic dynasty.
		On 6 January 1929 Alexander abolished parliament and the constitution and established a dictatorship, unable to appoint a cohesive government from among the numerous squabbling political factions.
		Alexander was considering restoring a form of parliamentary government when, on 9 October 1934, while on a state visit to France, he was assassinated in Marseilles by a Macedonian activist (allegedly acting with Croat separatists).
	www.firstworldwar.com /bio/alexander_serbia.htm (693 words)

	Alexander of Bulgaria Information
		Alexander was the second son of Alexander of Hesse-Darmstadt by the latter's morganatic marriage with Julia, countess von Hauke.
		Prince Alexander was a nephew of Russia's Tsar Alexander II, who had married a sister of Prince Alexander of Hesse; his mother, a daughter of Count Moritz von Hauke, had been lady-in-waiting to the tsaritsa.
		When, under the Treaty of Berlin (1878), Bulgaria became an autonomous principality under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire, the Tsar recommended his nephew to the Bulgarians as a candidate for the newly-created throne, and the Grand Sobranie unanimously elected Prince Alexander as Prince of Bulgaria (April 29, 1879).
	www.bookrags.com /Alexander_of_Battenberg (970 words)

	Bulgaria.com - History, Rulers of Bulgaria - Tsar Ivan Alexander (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Despot of Lovech Ivan Alexander took the throne triumphantly in 1331, having ousted Tsar Ivan Stefan, Anna-Neda's son.
		In the summer of 1332, the Bulgarians defeated the Byzantine army at Kusocastro, south of the Balkan range, and the Byzantine emperor was compelled to sue for peace.
		Bulgaria's involvement in the civil war in Byzantium in 1341-1347 restored Bulgaria's sovereignty over nine towns and strongholds in Thrace and the northern side of the Rhodopes.
	www.bulgaria.com /history/rulers/alexander.html (801 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Bulgaria
		Bulgaria constituted the Roman provinces of Moesia and Thrace, a territory in which Christianity was preached at a very early period, as proved by the Council of Sardica in 343.
		The unexpected independence which Alexander had shown in the face of Russia, brought him into disfavour with that power, and a military conspiracy, secretly supported by Russia, was successful in having him transported across the frontier (20 August, 1886).
		Bulgaria in the Turkish provinces of Macedonia and Thrace.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03046a.htm (2039 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Alexander of Bulgaria
		November 17 1893, reigned April 29 1879 - September 7 1886), first prince of Bulgaria, was the second son of Prince Alexander of Hesse and the Rhine by his morganatic marriage with Julia, countess von Hauke.
		The title of princess of Battenberg, derived from an old residence of the grand-dukes of Hesse, was conferred, with the style Durchlaucht or "Serene Highness," on the countess and her descendants in 1858.
		He soon, however, returned to Bulgaria, owing to the success of the counter- revolution led by Stamboloff, which overthrew the provisional government set up by the Russian party at Sofia.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/al/Alexander_of_Bulgaria (909 words)

	Bulgaria Info Bulgarian Map Properties
		The Principality of Bulgaria was defined as “a hereditary and constitutional monarchy with people’s representation”.
		The national flag of the Republic of Bulgaria shall be placed in the front part to the right of the transport vehicles and on the front mast of the navigation vessels when present there are the president of the Republic, the vice-president, the chairman of the National Assembly or the prime minister.
		The national flag of the Republic of Bulgaria shall be hoisted in the units of the Bulgarian army and on the vessels of the Naval fleet according to the military statutes.
	www.1-bulgaria.com (3525 words)

	Bulgaria - MSN Encarta
		The rich spiritual life of medieval Bulgaria (especially in the 10th and 11th centuries), was the center of Slavic culture.
		Bulgaria is a country in which music has a long, rich history.
		In addition, the people of Bulgaria are served by many smaller library clubs (chitalisshta), a unique Bulgarian form of cultural center that has its origins in the national revival period of the 19th century.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761556147_4/Bulgaria.html (743 words)

	Bulgaria.com - History, Rulers of Bulgaria - Prince Alexander I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Having come to Bulgaria with the consent of the Great Powers, he was particularly sensitive to the slightest change in the political balance in Europe.
		Alexander I realized the significance of the task to restore the country's unity after it had been fragmented at the Berlin Congress in the summer of 1878.
		He is credited for the unification of the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia in the autumn of 1885, and For its successful defending through diplomatic negotiations with the Great Powers and by the victory of his young army in the war with Serbia.
	www.bulgaria.com /history/rulers/palexander.html (769 words)

	Alexander, prince of Bulgaria. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		(Alexander of Battenberg), 1857–93, prince of Bulgaria (1879–86); second son of Prince Alexander of Hesse-Darmstadt and nephew of Alexander II of Russia.
		Alexander accepted the union, thus incurring the wrath of the Russian czar and Serbia.
		Alexander was victorious and by an agreement with Turkey became governor of Eastern Rumelia, but he was forced to abdicate by a group of officers.
	www.bartleby.com /65/al/AlexandBul.html (175 words)

	Bulgaria (08/06)
		Bulgaria shares a border with Turkey and Greece to the south, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro to the west, Romania to the north and the Black Sea to the east.
		As Bulgaria emerged from the throes of communism, it experienced a period of social and economic unrest that culminated in a severe economic and financial crisis in late 1996-early 1997.
		Bulgaria is a member of the United Nations and in 2002-2003 served a 2-year term as a nonpermanent member on the UN Security Council.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3236.htm (3160 words)

	RUMELIA. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		This province, with its capital at Plovdiv, comprised, roughly, the part of present Bulgaria situated S of the Balkan Mts.
		Resentment at the partition of Bulgaria sparked a revolution at Plovdiv in 1885, and Prince Alexander of Bulgaria annexed Eastern Rumelia, thus incurring the wrath of Russia and Serbia.
		The Serbians, who also claimed the area, declared war on Bulgaria but were forced to make peace (1886) on the basis of the status quo, while the sultan agreed to name Alexander governor of Eastern Rumelia.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/ru/Rumelia.html (199 words)

	Alexander
		Alexander III (912 - 913), emperor of the Byzantine Empire
		Alexander III of Scotland (1241-1285), king of Scotland
		Alexander Balas ruler of the Greek kingdom of Syria 150-146 B.C. Alexander Cornelius Greek grammarian
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/al/Alexander.html (166 words)

	History Culture in Bulgaria
		During the reign of Simeon’s successor Bulgaria was weakened by internal fights for the throne and in 1018 after long years of war the country fell under Byzantium.
		Bulgaria took part in the Balkan War (1912) and fought together with Serbia and Greece for the freedom of Thrace and Macedonia.
		Bulgaria won that war, but in the subsequent war among the allies (1913) it was defeated by Romania, Turkey and its earlier allies resulting in territorial losses.
	www.bulgariareals.com /p/12/history_culture_in_bulgaria.html (904 words)

	Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ivan Alexander was the son of the despotes Sratsimir (Sracimir) of Krăn by Petritsa (Petrica), a sister of Michael Asen III of Bulgaria.
		Ivan Alexander and Stefan Uroš IV Dušan concluded an alliance, which was cemented by the marriage of the Serbian king to Helena of Bulgaria, a sister of Ivan Alexander, on Easter 1332.
		Ivan Sratsimir (Ivan Sracimir), emperor of Bulgaria in Vidin 1356–1397.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ivan_Alexander_of_Bulgaria (1866 words)

	NationMaster - Statistics on Bulgaria. 1868 facts and figures, stats and information on Bulgarian economy, crime, ...
		In succeeding centuries, Bulgaria struggled with the Byzantine Empire to assert its place in the Balkans, but by the end of the 14th century the country was overrun by the Ottoman Turks.
		Northern Bulgaria attained autonomy in 1878 and all of Bulgaria became independent from the Ottoman Empire in 1908.
		Bulgaria was never part of Russian empire or USSR and actually was the first country in the world that accepted Cyrillic as an official alphabet.
	www.nationmaster.com /country/bu-bulgaria (1416 words)

	Alexander the Great (Alexander of Macedon) Biography
		Alexander III the Great, the King of Macedonia and conqueror of the Persian Empire is considered one of the greatest military geniuses of all times.
		Alexander was born in 356 BC in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia.
		Alexander tortured and executed the accused leader of the conspiracy, Parmenio's son Philotas, the commander of the cavalry.
	www.historyofmacedonia.org /AncientMacedonia/AlexandertheGreat.html (5650 words)

	Bulgaria Press, Media, TV, Radio, Newspapers
		Prince Alexander's decision to block increasing Russian influence in Bulgaria by denying the permit for the construction of a railroad for Russia in Bulgaria and the increased presence of the Russian army in Bulgaria led to a serious split between the two nations.
		Until September 1946 and the abolishment of the monarchy, Bulgaria rapidly witnessed the closure of the media, suppression of political parties and the execution of their leaders, and the conversion of a capitalistic economy to a Communist one.
		Bulgaria began major reforms within the government's bureaucracy, particularly its judicial system, which previously was subject to executive influence, corruption, and structural and staffing problems.
	www.pressreference.com /Be-Co/Bulgaria.html (6561 words)

	boys clothing: Hessian Bulgarian royalty -- Prince Alexander of Battenburg
		Alexander or Sandro as he was known in the family was born in 1857.
		Bulgaria as a new state was brought into existence largely by Russian miliatry action in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78.
		Prince Alexander strongly pushed for the acquisition of of neigboring territory populated by Bulgarians.
	histclo.com /royal/bul/rb-pab.htm (1950 words)

	REC: Status of Public Participation: Bulgaria
		In Bulgaria there is a Constitutional Court, but the Constitution does not provide for citizens or groups of citizens the right to petition the Constitutional Court for review.
		In Bulgaria, the administrative process is not as developed as in the Central European ex-communist countries - Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic.
		NGO activities in Bulgaria are often predominated by academic experts looking for additional funds and employment due to the political, economic and institutional changes and the lack of financial support by the state for scientific programs.
	www.rec.org /REC/Publications/PPstatus/Bulgaria.html (7406 words)

	Bulgaria: History, Geography, Government, and Culture — Infoplease.com
		Alexander was succeeded in 1887 by Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, who declared a kingdom independent of the Ottoman Empire on Oct. 5, 1908.
		Alexander, prince of Bulgaria - Alexander (Alexander of Battenberg), 1857–93, prince of Bulgaria (1879–86); second son...
		Bulgaria: Government - Government Under the constitution of 1991 Bulgaria is a parliamentary republic with an elected...
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0107365.html (1066 words)

	Alexander
		Although he was the ultimate warrior, Alexander had the soul of an explorer - in his 22,000-mile march, he sought not to destroy, but to re-invent each society in the mold of his own vision for a new world, and perhaps a new destiny for the human race.
		Few aspects of the Alexander shoot were as daunting as the need to re-create the elements of the world that surrounded the young king, covering more than 30 years of ancient history and crossing much of the world as it was known during his lifetime.
		Alexander was inestimably influenced by stories of Greek heroes from his youth, so the designers mounted the mythical Shield of Achilles above his throne and encased the scrolls of The Iliad and The Odyssey in an ivory box by the side of his bed.
	www.rottentomatoes.com /m/alexander/about.php (9411 words)

	Alexander of Bulgaria - Definition, explanation
		Alexander Joseph of Battenburg (April 5, 1857 - November 17, 1893), the first prince of modern Bulgaria, reigned from April 29, 1879 to September 7, 1886).
		Alexander was the second son of Prince Alexander of Hesse and the Rhine by the latter's morganatic marriage with Julia, countess von Hauke.
		A directory of museums in Sofia, Bulgaria, including the National History Museum, the Archaeological Museum, th Earth and Man Museum, and the Alexander Nevsky Crypt.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/a/al/alexander_of_bulgaria.php (1051 words)

	boys clothing: Russian royalty--Alexander III (1881-94)
		Alexander III died on October 20, 1894, in Livadia, Crimea, and was buried in the Cathedral of the St. Peter and St. Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg.
		Alexander II was buried in the Cathedral of the St. Peter and St. Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg.
		Alexander II in 1841 as Tsareivitch or Crown Prince married Maria of Hessen-Darmstadt (Maria Alexandrovna).
	histclo.com /royal/rus/royal-rusa3.htm (2752 words)

	Alexander, Prince of Bulgaria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In his boyhood and early youth Alexander frequently visited St Petersburg, and he accompanied his uncle, the Tsar, who was much attached to him, during the Bulgarian campaign of 1877.
		Before proceeding to Bulgaria, Prince Alexander paid visits to the Tsar at Livadia, to the courts of the great powers and to the sultan; a Russian warship then conveyed him to Varna, and after taking the oath to the new constitution at Turnovo (July 8, 1879) he went to Sofia.
		Although the intervention of Austria protected Serbia from the consequences of defeat, Prince Alexander's success sealed the union with Eastern Rumelia, and after long negotiations the sultan Abdul Hamid II nominated the Prince of Bulgaria as governor-general of that province for five years (April 5, 1886).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alexander_of_Bulgaria (1018 words)

	Alexander the Great: the towns
		Alexander's biographer Plutarch of Chaeronea states that Alexander the Great founded no less than seventy towns, which were important centers of the Greek cultures in the East.
		Probably, it was founded by one of the successors of Alexander, who called it to the former king.
		They were not happy, so far from the Mediterranean, and on at least two occasions -both after a report of Alexander's death- the homesick veterans decided to go home (text).
	www.livius.org /aj-al/alexander/alexander_z2.html (803 words)

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