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	ALEXANDER I OF SCOTLAND - LoveToKnow Article on ALEXANDER I OF SCOTLAND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		ALEXANDER JANNAEUS, king of the Jews; succeeded his brother Aristobulus in 103.B.C. and died in 76 B.C. His first act was the murder of one of his brothers who claimed the throne, and his reign was disgraced by the cruelties that he perpetrated in order to retain his position.
		ALEXANDER NEVSKY, SAINT (1220-1263), grand-duke of Vladimir, was the second son of the grand-duke Yaroslav.
		ALEXANDER OF HALES (ALEXANDER HALENSIS), surnamed DOCTOR IRREFRAGABILIS, THEOLOGORUM MONARCHA and FONS VITAE, a celebrated English theologian of the i3th century, was born in Gloucestershire.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AL/ALEXANDER_I_OF_SCOTLAND.htm (1393 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Alexander of Hales
		Franciscan, theologian, and philosopher, one of the greatest of the scholastics, born at Hales, or Hailles, in Gloucestershire, towards the end of the twelfth century; died at Paris in 1245.
		Alexander's importance for the history of theology and philosophy lies in the fact, that he was the first to attempt a systematic exposition of Catholic doctrine, after the metaphysical and physical works of Aristotle had become known to the schoolmen.
		Alexander's theology is, in its main outlines, identical with that of St. Bonaventure and St. Thomas.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01298a.htm (1087 words)

	ALEXANDER OF HALES - LoveToKnow Article on ALEXANDER OF HALES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		(ALEXANDER HALENSIS), surnamed DOCTOR IRREFRAGABILIS, THEOLOGORUM MONARCHA and FONS VITAE, a celebrated English theologian of the i3th century, was born in Gloucestershire.
		Trained in the monastery of Hales he was early raised to an archdeaconry.
		He died in 1245 and was buried in the convent of the Cordeliers at Paris, His most celebrated work was the Summa Theologiae (Nuremberg, 1452; Venice, 1576; Cologne, 1611), undertaken by the orders of Pope Innocent IV.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AL/ALEXANDER_OF_HALES.htm (292 words)

	John HALES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		M- Richard HALES; born FEB 1860 in California and of Township 1, Tuolumne, California in 1860 and of Sonora, Tuolumne, California in 1880 and of Santa Barbara County, California in 1900.
		Born 1835 at Saline, Jefferson, Ohio and of Saline Township, Jefferson, Ohio in 1850 and of Newton, Jasper, Iowa in 1870 the son of Moses HALES and Sarah VANTILBURGH.
		F- Minnie HALES; born in 1867 in Iowa and of Newton, Jasper, Iowa in 1870; married 20 NOV 1884 George B. M- Cornelius HALES; born 7 JUL 1870 in Iowa and of Newton, Jasper, Iowa in 1870.
	www.hales.org /hj18.htm (7582 words)

	History of Philosophy 37
		Alexander of Hales was the first schoolman who wrote after the entire works of Aristotle had become known in the schools, and the prohibition that debarred some of his predecessors from the study of Aristotle had been removed.
		Alexander's psychology, while it is Peripatetic in its general trend, bears evidence of the influence of the Augustinian idea of the soul and its faculties.
		Alexander's most important contribution to philosophy is his development of the Scholastic method and his application of it to the discussion of theological problems.
	www.nd.edu /Departments/Maritain/etext/hop37.htm (6986 words)

	Silas HALES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Born 28 NOV 1842 in Henrietta Township, Lorain, Ohio and of Henrietta, Lorain, Ohio in 1850, 1860, 1870 and 1880 and of Kipton, Camden Township, Lorain County, Ohio in 1900 and of Lorain County, Ohio in 1920 the son of William HALES and Laura BLACKMAN.
		F- Gila A. HALES; born 1850 of Cumberland County, North Carolina and of Bladen County, North Carolina in 1860 and 1870 and of Beaver Dam, Cumberland in 1880; died 1919.
		Born 2 DEC 1856 in Alabama and of Birmingham, Jefferson, Alabama and of Barbour County, Alabama in 1860 in 1910 the son of Jonathan HALES and Rebecca AUTREY.
	www.hales.org /hs07.htm (6757 words)

	§15. Alexander of Hales. X. English Scholars of Paris and Franciscans of Oxford. Vol. 1. From the Beginnings to ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alexander of Hales, a native of Gloucestershire, studied in Paris at a time when the Physics and Metaphysics were not yet translated into Latin, and also later, when their study had been expressly prohibited (1215).
		This prohibition lasted until the dispersion of the university in 1229; and (although he may have been lecturer to the Franciscans at an earlier date) it was not until the return of the university in 1231 that he actually joined the order.
		of Alexander’s Exposition of the Apocalypse, in the Cambridge University Library, includes a portrait of the author, who is represented as reverently kneeling in the habit of a Franciscan Friar.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/211/1015.html (842 words)

	Franciscan Schools of thought (2)
		Alexander was born in Hales, Shropshire, in England.
		Alexander of Hales is also famous for the "Expositio regulae quattuor magistrorum", a commentary on the Franciscan Rule, which he wrote in 1241 together with other masters of the Franciscan School of Paris, especially Jean De La Rochelle and Eudes Rigaud.
		This philosopher was a disciple of Alexander of Hales.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/ofm/fra/FRAtho02.html (1079 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hales, who lived in Kent, and was married to a lady of noble birth and fortune, he being heir to one of the greatest fortunes in that country; but was to expect the inheritance from and old severe grandfather, who for the present kept the young couple from running into any excess.
		Alexander of Hales studied and taught in Paris (master of arts before 1210, of theology in 1229), and was archdeacon of Coventry in 1235.
		Alexander assumed the place of lecturer among the Franciscans, and it was largely owing to his ability that the order was enabled to establish its existence as a teaching body in opposition to the secular professors of the university.
	www.hales.org /NSV2N1.htm (7253 words)

	Alexander (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alexander I of Epirus king of Epirus about 342 B.C. Alexander II of Epirus king of Epirus 272 B.C. Alexander of Pherae despot of Pherae between 369 and 358 BC Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon
		Alexander I of Russia, (1777-1825), emperor of Russia
		Alexander Balas, ruler of the Seleucid kingdom of Syria between 150 and 146 BC Alexander Polyhistor, Greek grammarian
	www.yotor.com /wiki/en/al/Alexander.htm (464 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Alexander of Hales
		Alexander’s significance as a theologian rests in his effort to develop a systematic exposition of Catholic doctrine on the basis of Aristotelian philosophy.
		Alexander displays his extraordinary familiarity with classical and medieval philosophy and theology by drawing on related observations and conclusions by Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, John of Damascus, Pseudo-Dionysius, Anselm of Canterbury, and Richard of St. Victor.
		Alexander taught that the soul is divided into three faculties: a) ratio, which pertains to the external world; b) intellectus, which deals with all created spiritual substances; c) intelligentia, which considers the origins of all things emanating from God.
	www.litencyc.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=70 (1104 words)

	Alexander of Hales
		Alexander might have been willing to confirm the bishops whom Louis had nominated in return for their part in bringing about this declaration, if they would avail themselves of the pretext that they defended the articles only in their private capacity.
		Alexander made his name memorable in Rome by many benefits to the city, and showed his love for learning by the purchase for the Vatican library of the rich collection of Christina of Sweden.
		He was educated in the monastery at Hales, studied and lectured at Paris, and acquired great fame as a teacher in theology, and entered the order of St. Francis in 1222.
	www.ccel.org /s/schaff/encyc/encyc01/htm/alexander_viii.htm (542 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Schaff, 1910 edition with power search.
		Alexander of Hales marks a new era in the history of the doctrine.
		Beginning with Alexander of Hales, the Schoolmen vindicate the positions that confession, to be efficacious, must be made to the priest, and that absolution by the priest is an essential condition of the sinner’s pardon.
		Original sin is defined by Alexander of Hales and by Thomas Aquinas as the want or the "deficiency of original righteousness."1785 It involves the loss of superadded grace and a wounding of the natural powers.
	www.bible.ca /history/philip-schaff/5_ch14.htm (17243 words)

	Alexander of Hales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alexander Hales (also Halensis, Alensis, Halesius,Alesius; called Doctor Irrefragabilis and Theologorum Monarcha) was a scholastic theologian.
		He was bornat Hales, Gloucestershire, England, and died in Paris on August 21, 1245.
		He was educated in the monastery at Hales, studied and lectured at Paris, acquired great fame as a teacher intheology, and entered the Franciscan order in 1222.
	www.therfcc.org /alexander-of-hales-13554.html (268 words)

	Franciscan - Pictures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The somewhat earlier settlements of Franciscan teachers at the universities (in Oxford, for example, where Alexander of Hales was teaching) continued to develop.
		and Pope Alexander IV, the influence of the order was notably increased, especially by the provisions of the latter pope in regard to the academic activity of the brothers.
		Among Franciscan celebrities of the later Middle Ages may be mentioned Nicholas of Lyra, the Biblical commentator, Bernardin of Sienna, John of Capistrano, Mollard and Menot as preachers, and the famous canonists Astesanus, Alvarus Pelagius, and William of Ockham.
	greatestinfo.org /Franciscan (4051 words)

	A 1996 April Noone
		Presumably what Alexander intends by the incompatibility is that a creature, if its nature is to arise from nothing, must have being after non-being and thus must have the property of finite duration.
		His proofs, however, are more Avicennian in character and are part of a larger effort to prove the finite duration of the universe, since, unlike Philip the Chancellor and Alexander Hales, he understands the Aristotelian arguments to constitute a direct and immediate threat to the truth of the Christian doctrine of creation.
		Others, such as Philip the Chancellor and Alexander of Hales, doubted that Aristotle ever meant to claim that the world was eternal; rather, he simply adduced proofs that the world could not have arisen out of a process of natural generation.
	www.thomist.org /journal/1996/962ANoon.htm (7786 words)

	A History of Western Philosophy 2.16
		Alexander was an Englishman who came to Paris, where he was a master of arts prior to 1210 and went on to become a master of theology probably around 1220.
		Alexander was the first master of theology to employ the Sentences of Peter Lombard as the text for his courses.
		Alexander's explanation of the Sentences clarifies the text princlpally by appeals to Scripture and St. Augustine, but he cites Aristotle both in his logical writings and in the Physics, On the Soul, and Metaphysics.
	www.nd.edu /Departments/Maritain/etext/hwp216.htm (3791 words)

	About Us (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Hales Technology Group team is comprised of seasoned senior level consultants and computer specialists with impressive accomplishments and impeccable records.
		Alexander Hales has achieved numerous distinctions as a computer specialist and IT consultant related to his successes with IP telephony rollouts and enterprise network expansions.
		Hales Technology Group prides itself in its "practical, no-nonsense approach." Client situations receive a fresh, impartial and timely perspective that will provide new insight to technical management.
	www.halestechnologygroup.com /about_hales_tech.htm (686 words)

	Alexander
		Alexander is the English form of Alexandros, a Greek name.
		Alexander was originally a title (“Defender of Men”) given to the goddess Hera, as well as to Prince Paris of Troy.
		Alexander was also very popular in the Middle Ages, especially in Scotland (since the 11th century), where several kings bore the name.
	www.geocities.com /edgarbook/names/al/alexander.html (313 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049-1294. (ii.xv.i)
		Alexander of Hales (Halesius or Halensis), called by his pupils the Irrefragable Doctor—doctor irrefragabilis — and the king of theologians—monarcha theologorum — was born at Hales, Gloucestershire, England, and died in Paris, 1245.
		He entered the order of St. Francis, 1222, and was the first Franciscan to obtain the degree of doctor and to teach in the University of Paris, which he continued to do till 1238.
		Alexander was the first Schoolman to whom all the writings of Aristotle were accessible.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/hcc5.ii.xv.i.html (493 words)

	Alexander de Hales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alexander Hales (también Halensis, Alensis, Halesius, Alesius;el doctor llamado Irrefragabilis y Theologorum Monarcha) era un teólogo escolástico.
		Alexander era el primer para escribir un comentario en las oraciones de Peter Lombard, antes de que él los teólogos hubiera comentado siempre sobre los scriptures.
		Entre las doctrinas que fueron desarrolladas especialmente y, así que hablar, fijada por Alexander de Hales, son los del perfectorum de los supererogationis del tesoro, y de los indelibilis del carácter del bautismo, de la confirmación, y del ordination.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/al/Alexander%20de%20Hales.htm (403 words)

	Mission Integration
		Alexander of Hales, an English scholar, an imporant theolgian...(who) held the...Chair of England in the Department of the Theology one of the most influential departments of the university.
		"Alexander, like other professors of the university was a secular clerk, a member of the diocesan clergy...(The chairs on theology have been held by secular priests only)...One would have expected Alexander to abandon his professorship on leaving the ranks of the diocesan clergy and becoming a Franciscan..." He did not do such a thing.
		And the on 1 January 1998, the memory of the courage of Alexander of Hales, O.F.M., and the first Franciscans inside the walls of Paris really called the University of St. Francis in Joliet, U.S.A. into being.
	www.stfrancis.edu /MisInt/13.htm (361 words)

	PHGA 7070 Enchanted World
		It will then proceed to examine the doctrine of exemplarism in major Scholastic authors, concentrating on the Franciscans, who were so influential to bringing this foundational view to a larger audience.
		All the Scholastic authors commented on the Sentences after the early, thirteenth-century Franciscan, Alexander of Hales, decided to use the Lombard’s anthology as his textbook.
		Alexander of Hales et al., Summa Theologica p.
	www.fordham.edu /philosophy/graduate/syllabi/phga7070enchanted.htm (1610 words)

	History of Medieval Philosophy 247 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Roger Bacon informs us that when Alexander was master of arts the Physics and Metaphyics of Aristotle had not yet been translated.
		A document of Pope Alexander IV., dated 28th July, 1256, mentions him as author of the work and recommends William of Melito to complete it.
		It is well known that Roger Bacon denies to Alexander the authorship of the Summa in question: "Fratres adscripserunt illi magnam summam illam, quae est plusquam pondus unius equi, quam ipse non fecit sed alii.
	www.nd.edu /Departments/Maritain/etext/homp247.htm (268 words)

	August 21: Alexander of Hales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alexander didn't stop with Aristotle, but also included Arabic ideas, as well as the more standard ideas of the neo-Platonists and Augustine of Hippo.
		Some of the little we know about Alexander Hales comes from the writings of Roger Bacon, who was critical of him.
		Although it is not strictly true, Alexander is often regarded as the founder of the Franciscan school of theology.
	www.gospelcom.net /chi/DAILYF/2003/08/daily-08-21-2003.shtml (537 words)

	Today in History - August 21
		He began a famous school in Paris that attempted to understand the rediscovered writings of Aristotle, his philosophy and its implications in theology.
		Alexander is regarded as the founder of the Franciscan school of theology even though the Summa Theologica that is attributed to him is only partly his.
		1799 Alexander R. Reinagle, British church organist and composer, was born in Brighton, England (d.
	chi.lcms.org /history/tih0821.htm (721 words)

	CHAPTER XIII
		Its focus, on the Christian side, is the just war theory of Thomas Aquinas and Alexander of Hales, on the Chinese side, it is the Huainanzi as well as pre-Han such texts as the Mozi and Laozi.
		Alexander’s work may be seen much more as a textbook of knowledge, rather than an attempt to think creatively with regard to the tradition.
		Alexander’s work is notable for its elaboration of six conditions for assessing the justice of a war.
	www.crvp.org /book/Series03/III-17/chapter_xiii.htm (4818 words)

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