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	Trebizond - LoveToKnow 1911
		The vilayet, of which Trebizond is the chief town, consists of a long irregular strip of coast country, the eastern half of which is deeply indented and mountainous.
		The palace of Trebizond was famed for its magnificence, the court for its luxury and elaborate ceremonial, while at the same time it was frequently a hotbed of intrigue and immorality.
		From time to time the emperors of Trebizond paid tribute to the Seljuk sultans of Iconium, to the grand khans of the Mongols, to Timur the Tatar, to the Turkoman chieftains, and to the Ottomans; but by means of skilful negotiations they were enabled practically to secure their independence.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Trebizond (1536 words)

	The [True] ORDER OF SAINT EUGENE OF TREBIZOND - NEW BYZANTIUM
		THE establishment of the Empire of Trebizond is based on a branch of the prestigious Anatolian family of the Comnenus of Komana in Pontus who due to a dispute with the Byzantine Emperor sought refuge in Georgia.
		It was constructed in a cave at an altitude of 1,628 meters in the valley of Macka in the mountains of Zigana, 54km to the south of Trebizond.
		The Emperor Manuel and Andronikos, the sons of Emperor Alexius are represented in the Basilica.
	www.new-byzantium.org /trebizon.html (3884 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Trebizond
		Trabzon, formerly known as Trebizond, is a city on the Black Sea coast of north-eastern Turkey.
		Alexius Comnenus, a grandson of emperor Andronicus I Comnenus, made Trebizond the seat of an empire, and because of this connection the polity was sometimes referred to as the Comnenus Empire.
		Trebizond controlled an area across the southern Black Sea coast, and parts of the Crimean peninsula and Kerch briefly in the thirteenth century.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/tr/Trebizond?title=Alexios_III_of_Trebizond (698 words)

	Comnenus - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Alexius I married the grand-niece of Constantine X Ducas, a general who had succeeded Isaac in 1059.
		Remarkably, despite the general tendency for Byzantine emperors to be overthrown after a few years, Alexius ruled for 37, and his son John II ruled for 25, after uncovering a conspiracy against him by his sister, the chronicler Anna Comnena, and her husband Nicephorus Bryennius.
		Thereafter the Comnenus dynasty fell into conspiracies and plots like many of their ancestors; Alexius II ruled for three years and his successor Andronicus I ruled for two, overthrown by the Angelus family under Isaac I. The Angeli were overthrown during the Fourth Crusade in 1204, by a relative from the Ducas family.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Comnenus (554 words)

	Trabzon
		Alexius I, a grandson of Byzantine emperor Andronicus I Comnenus and Georgian King David the Builder, made Trebizond the seat of an empire, and because of this connection the polity was sometimes referred to as the Comnenan Empire.
		For example, Manuel III, who had succeeded his father Alexius III as emperor in 1390, had allied himself with Timur Lenk, and benefitted from the Turkish defeat at the Battle of Ankara in 1402.
		His son Alexius IV married two of his daughters to Cihanshah, khan of the Black Sheep Turkmen, and to Ali Beg, khan of the White Sheep Turkmen; while his eldest daughter Maria became the third wife of the Byzantine Emperor John VIII Palaeologus.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/t/tr/trabzon.html (725 words)

	Empire of Trebizond - TheBestLinks.com - August 15, Black Sea, Bursa, Byzantine Empire, ...
		Alexius I, a grandson of Byzantine emperor Andronicus I Comnenus and Georgian King David the Builder, made Trebizond the seat of an empire, and because of this connection the polity was sometimes referred to as the Comnenan Empire.
		Trebizond controlled a contiguous area across the southern Black Sea coast, and, briefly in the thirteenth century, even parts of the Crimean peninsula and Kerch on the Black Sea's northern shore.
		His son Alexius IV married two of his daughters to Jihan Shah, khan of the Black Sheep Turkmen, and to Ali Beg, khan of the White Sheep Turkmen; while his eldest daughter Maria became the third wife of the Byzantine Emperor John VIII Palaeologus.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Empire_of_Trebizond.html (571 words)

	Alexius III of Trebizond
		For the time, Alexius was accepted as Emperor because of his youth, which proved acceptable to the nobles of the realm who sought to use young ruler's regency for their own purposes.
		In particular, Alexius was unable to suppress the ambitions of the landed aristocracy which developed during the civil war or to displace the Genoans and Venetians from their dominance in Trebizond's commerce.
		Alexius repaired the physical damage to the capital, gave rich endowments to several monasteries, especially Sumela Monastery, and founded the Dionysiou Monastery at Mount Athos.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Medieval/Bio/AlexiusIIIOfTrebizond.html (484 words)

	Theodore I Lascaris
		He maintained himself stubbornly in defensive campaigns against the Latin emperor Henry of Flanders, defeated his rival Alexius Comnenus of Trebizond, and carried out a successful counter-attack upon Gayath-ed-Din[?], the sultan of Koniah[?], who had been instigated to war by the deposed Alexius III.
		Theodore's crowning victory was gained in 1210, when in a battle near Pisidian Antioch he captured Alexius and wrested the town itself from the Turks.
		At the end of his reign he ruled over a territory roughly conterminous with the old Roman provinces of Asia and Bithynia.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/th/Theodore_I_Lascaris.html (0 words)

	Travel Guide To Turkey, Guide de la Turquie, GUIDE MARTINE, Guide to Turkey, Guide de Turquie, Travel, Turkey, Voyage, ...
		Fighting for its own survival, the Latin Empire weakened under the assaults of the Bulgars and those of the Byzantines trying to regain their lost cities and provinces, and was soon reduced to the sole city of Constantinople.
		He achieved the Conquest of Constantinople after a siege that lasted from April 6 to May 29, 1453 when on that last day, a standard-bearer drove the first Ottoman standard in one of the towers, while Emperor Constantine XI died, fighting at the walls.
		The conquest of the last Byzantine lands in Anatolia was completed in 1461 with the fall of Trebizond, the stronghold of the Comneni, thus putting an end to the Byzantine Empire.
	www.guide-martine.com /history6.asp (2433 words)

	TREBIZOND (Gr. Trapezus) - Online Information article about TREBIZOND (Gr. Trapezus)
		middle ages that exists in all this district is the monastery of Sumelas, which is situated about 25 M. from Trebizond, at the side of a rocky glen, at a height of 4000 ft. above the sea.
		of Trebizond; he rebuilt it in 1360, and richly endowed it.
		Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /TOO_TUM/TREBIZOND_Gr_Trapezus_.html (2074 words)

	The Age of Chivalry - Empire of Trebizond 1204-1461 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Trebizond also sometimes benefited from the matrimonial ties of their emperors with the various Turkic and Georgian princes from neighbouring regions.
		Trebizond enjoyed a lot of wealth and prosperity as it was the commercial route with which merchants took through Asia Minor.
		Thus the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed the Conqueror (so-called because of his capture of the Byzantine capital Constantinople in 1453) gathered a huge army reportedly consisting of 60,000 horse and 80,000 foot and laid siege to the city in 1461.
	www.taoc.co.uk /content/view/32/45 (1031 words)

	Bagrat V of Georgia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bagrat V was married to Helena, daughter of the emperor Basil of Trebizond.
		She died of plague in 1366 leaving the two sons behind, George VII and Constantine I.
		In June 1367, he married Anna Megale Comnena, daughter of the emperor Alexius III of Trebizond.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bagrat_V_of_Georgia (408 words)

	search.com - Empire of Trebizond - Search.com Reference
		Trebizond initially controlled a contiguous area on the southern Black Sea coast between Soterioupolis and Sinope, comprising the modern Turkish provinces of Sinop, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon, Bayburt, Gumushane, Rise and Artvin.
		Under the rule of Alexius III (1349–90) the city was one of the world's leading trade centres and was renowned for its great wealth and artistic accomplishment.
		His son Alexius IV married two of his daughters to Jihan Shah, khan of the Black Sheep Turkmen, and to Ali Beg, khan of the White Sheep Turkmen; while his eldest daughter Maria became the third wife of the Byzantine Emperor John VIII Palaeologus.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Empire_of_Trebizond (1045 words)

	Trebizond Empire Of: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: )
		TREBIZOND, EMPIRE OF When the army of the Fourth Crusade overthrew (1204) the Byzantine Empire and established the Latin Empire of Constantinople, several Greek successor states sprang up.
		The empire of Trebizond was further diminished when Sinope fell (1214) to the Seljuk Turks, and the emperor became a vassal of the sultan of Iconium; for the remainder of its existence Trebizond was restricted to the SE Black Sea coastal region.
		Relations between Trebizond and the Muslims were generally friendly, but after the Turkish conquest of Constantinople (1453), David Comnenus, the last emperor of Trebizond, promoted an alliance of the non-Ottoman Asian states against Sultan Muhammad II.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/trebizond-empire-of.jsp?l=T&p=4 (1575 words)

	Alexios III of Trebizond at AllExperts
		When he was eleven years old, he was sent to Trebizond by Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos to replace his deposed great-uncle Michael, who had been an instrument of the regency Kantakouzenos had displaced.
		Alexios arrived in Trebizond on December 22, 1349 and was accepted as emperor by the nobility headed by Grand Duke Niketas without opposition.
		In 1376–1377 the Venetians conspired with the Bulgarian despotes Dobrotitsa of Dobruja (an enemy of the Genoese) to impose his son-in-law Michael Palaiologos, a son of Emperor John V Palaiologos on the throne of Trebizond.
	en.allexperts.com /e/a/al/alexios_iii_of_trebizond.htm (1117 words)

	Trebizond - Cunnan
		Trebizond was a city on the far south-east coast of the Black Sea.
		The empire of Trebizond came out of the final years of the Byzantine Empire.
		In 1204 Tamar, Queen of Georgia, provided troops, and the impetus, for two members of the former Imperial family, the Comneni, to conquer the cities of Trebizond and Sinope, and the surrounding area, Paphlagonia.
	cunnan.sca.org.au /index.php?title=Trebizond&redirect=no (273 words)

	1204 dgun.org (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Alexius had fled to Philip when his father was overthrown in 1195, but it is unknown whether or not Boniface knew he was at Philip's court.
		Alexius returned with Boniface to rejoin the fleet at Corfu after it sailed from Zara, and the Venetians, when they learned of Alexius' idea, were particularly pleased with it.
		Alexius IV The crusaders were opposed to Isaac, as they had never met him and did not believe he was part of their deal with Alexius, but the Byzantines did not want Alexius, who was just as unknown to them, to rule by himself.
	www.dgun.org /en/1204 (9378 words)

	The Last Roman Empire
		Trebizond was made up by three adjoining towns: the Upper Town on a hill protected by two ravines, the Middle Town with the main churches and the Lower Town near the sea.
		Trebizond too had its Haghia Sophia, the emperors decorated it with reliefs and paintings and the church, after having been used as a mosque and a war hospital, was restored by theTurkish authorities with the help of the University of Edinburgh and it is now a museum, surrounded by a peaceful garden.
		A Byzantine princess of Trebizond was married to one of Mehmet's sons.
	members.tripod.com /romeartlover/Trebison.html (2342 words)

	ipedia.com: Empire of Trebizond Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Empire of Trebizond was a successor state of the Byzantine Empire founded in 1204 after the Fourth Crusade.
		Trebizond controlled a contiguous area across the southern Black Sea coast, and, briefly in the thirteenth century, even parts of the Crimean peninsula and Kerch on the Black Sea's northern shore.
		His son Alexius IV married two of his daughters to Jihan Shah, khan of the Black Sheep Turkmen, and to Ali Beg, khan of the White Sheep Turkmen; while his eldest daughter Maria became the third wife of the Byzantine Emperor John VIII Palaeologus.
	www.ipedia.com /empire_of_trebizond.html (579 words)

	Trebizond - Ancient Roman Empire Forums
		Trebizond was an empire that continued to survive by playing it's enemies against each other and forming political alliances through marriages.
		When Alexius II was on the throne, the empire reached it's peak of wealth, artistic accomplishment and territorial extent.
		By 1442, the strength of Trebizond's army was made known to the Turkish empire, and Murad II attempted to take the city by sea, although the attempt was repulsed.
	www.unrv.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=2946 (1025 words)

	VCoins - The Online Coin Show for Ancient Coins, US Coins, and World Coins
		The miniature empire of Trebizond was established in 1204, or possibly slightly earlier, by Alexius, a prince of the royal Comnenus line which had been deposed by the Angeloi in 1185.
		The Trebizond princesses were renowned for their intelligence and beauty, and were valuable commodities on the international marriage market.
		Trebizond did the best it could with its limited resources, but was always in a precarious position, isolated from its natural Christian allies, and existing only on the sufferance of its powerful neighbors, the Seljuks, Mongols and Ottomans.
	www.vcoins.com /ancient/ane/store/viewItem.asp?idProduct=969&large=1 (198 words)

	AllRefer.com - Trebizond, empire of (Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine) - Encyclopedia
		The last of these was founded by two members of the former imperial Comnenus family, David and his brother Alexius I (reigned 1204–22) of Trebizond, who took the titles of Grand Comnenus and emperor, which were assumed by all his successors.
		Trebizond, the capital, and Sinope were the chief cities.
		Relations between Trebizond and the Muslims were generally friendly, but after the Turkish conquest of Constantinople (1453), David Comnenus, the last emperor of Trebizond, promoted an alliance of the non-Ottoman Asian states against Sultan Muhammad II.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/Trebizemp.html (573 words)

	Fall of Constantinople, 1204
		Alexius, son of Isaac, managed to escape during a campaign against the insurgent Emmanuel Camitzes, and sailed to Ancona.
		Alexius IV was thrown in jail and on 5 February 1204, Alexius V Ducas Murtzuphlus was crowned emperor of the Eastern Empire.
		Alexius IV was strangled in his jail on 8 February 1204 and Isaac died in prison a few days later.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/emperors/fall1204.html (5080 words)

	Trapezuntine Byzantine (1204-1461 AD) DBA IV-34 by Andy Hooper
		Gamers and Historians both tend to dismiss the Byzantine Empire of Trebizond as a Ruritanian adventure with relatively little political or military impact, and to assume that the nation was composed of refugees who huddled together waiting for the inevitable tide of Turkish expansion to consume them.
		Trebizond therefore survived several invasions that were catastrophic to other states in the region, including the Mongol Conquest in the 13th Century, and the campaigns of Tamerlane at the opening of the 15th.
		Trebizond was therefore an immensely wealthy state at times, and used their economic strength to hire professional soldiers from all around the region.
	www.fanaticus.org /DBA/armies/IV34/index.html (994 words)

	Alexius - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Alexius
		It was the Byzantine loss of so much of the Eastern Christian heartland of Anatolia to the Seljuk Turks in 1071 that prompted Emperor Alexius I to seek help in his fight against the Turks from his estranged Christian brother in the West, Pope Urban II.
		Alexius Medical Center, Northwest Community Hospital and Alexian Brothers Medical Center.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Alexius (152 words)

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