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Topic: Alfentanil

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	ALFENTANIL
		Alfentanil is a synthetic derivative of fentanyl with distinct properties, e.g.
		Alfentanil is metabolised in the liver by cytochrome CYP3A4 to inactive compounds.
		Alfentanil is available only as an injection and has been used successfully by short-term CSCI to provide pain relief during dressing changes in a trauma patient.
	www.palliativedrugs.com /content/monographs/ALFENTANIL.html (364 words)

	vuyk
		While the target concentration of propofol was maintained constant, the target concentration of alfentanil was varied in steps of 10-50 ng/ml according to the presence or absence of patient responses to perioperative stimuli.
		The alfentanil concentrations associated with a 50% probability (EC50s) of suppression of responses to intraabdominal surgical stimuli, as determined by logistic regression in the individual patients, were related to corresponding mean blood propofol concentrations by nonlinear regression analysis.
		With plasma alfentanil concentrations increasing from 10 to 150 ng/ml, the EC50 of propofol for the regaining of consciousness decreased from 3.8 to 0.8 microgram/ml.
	www.sivauk.org /Education/vuyk1.htm (396 words)

	Alfentanil - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alfentanil (Alfenta) is a parenteral short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug, used for anaesthesia in surgery.
		Alfentanil is a Schedule I drug under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
		Alfentanil was discovered at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1976.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alfentanil (129 words)

	Syllabus on Geriatric Anesthesiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Alfentanil can be used as the sole induction anesthetic (150 to 300 mcg/kg IV produces unconsciousness in approximately 45 seconds) and, at a continuous infusion of 25 to 150 mcg/kg/hr IV, for anesthetic maintenance in combination with volatile anesthetics.
		Alfentanil is a good choice for short operative procedures in the elderly because it does not produce sustained postoperative sedation and respiratory depression.
		Lower doses of fentanyl (1 to 3ug/kg), alfentanil (10 to 20ug/kg) or sufentanil (0.125 to 0.25 mcg/kg) are effective adjuvants to thiopental (2 to 3 mg/kg) for induction of anesthesia because they decrease the need for barbiturates and diminish the cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
	www.asahq.org /clinical/geriatrics/opioids.htm (856 words)

	Alfentanil
		Alfentanil may increase the patient's tolerance for pain and decrease the perception of suffering, although the presence of the pain itself may still be recognized.
		Alfentanil depresses the respiratory centers, depresses the cough reflex, and constricts the pupils.
		Alfentanil's analgesic activity is, most likely, due to its conversion to morphine.
	www.mongabay.com /health/medications/Alfentanil.html (606 words)

	Acupuncture Vancouver - Fertility, IVF, Pregnancy, Women's Health, Pain & Injury, Treatment with Traditional ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		alfentanil, both in combination with a paracervical block (PCB), for analgesia during oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and to determine if there is any effect on pregnancy rate.
		Immediately after the procedure, the median (range) pain levels related to oocyte retrieval reported by the women were 46 (1—96) in the EA group and 45 (0—92) in the alfentanil group for maximum pain (NS), and 28 (1—77) and 23 (0—78), respectively, for average pain (NS).
		Additional alfentanil was given to 14% of women in the EA group, compared to 38% in the alfentanil group (p<0.0001).
	www.acubalance.ca /web/res_medical_paincontrol.php (1062 words)

	Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Remifentanil, Its Principle Metabolite (GR90291) and Alfentanil in ...
		remifentanil, 500 µg/kg/min GR90291 and 1.6 mg/kg/min alfentanil
		the pharmacokinetic parameters for remifentanil, GR90291 and alfentanil
		and that alfentanil is approximately 1/8th as potent as remifentanil.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/281/1/226 (3287 words)

	The Concentration-Effect Relationship of the Respiratory Depressant Effects of Alfentanil and Fentanyl -- Mildh et al. ...
		The relative potencies of fentanyl and alfentanil for respiratory
		Validation of the alfentanil canonical univariate parameter as a measure of opioid effect on the electroencephalogram.
		ED of alfentanil for induction of anesthesia in unpremedicated young adults.
	www.anesthesia-analgesia.org /cgi/content/full/93/4/939 (3196 words)

	Janssen Biotech ALFENTANIL RIA Kit for Pharmacokinetic Studies available from RDI Divison of Fitzgerald Industries Intl
		Alfentanil, N-{1-(2-(4-ethyl-4,5-dihydr-5-oxo-1H-tetrazol-yl)ethyl)-4-(methyxymethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylpropanamide, is a potent and very short-acting intravenous narcotic analgesic, chemically related to fentanyl(1,2).
		Cross-reactivity experiments demonstrated the specificity of the alfentanil antibodies by their ability to differentiate between the parent drug and other closely related compounds, including metabolites and other fentany-like analgesics (2).
		the amount of alfentanil that causes at least a 10% decrease of the initial tracer binding ability, is 0.1ng contained in 1.0 ml of sample.
	www.researchd.com /janssen/1020924.htm (2661 words)

	Effects of remifentanil and alfentanil on the cardiovascular responses to induction of anaesthesia and tracheal ...
		Effects of remifentanil and alfentanil on the cardiovascular responses to induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation in the elderly -- Habib et al.
		Effects of remifentanil and alfentanil on the cardiovascular responses to induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation in the elderly
		Effects of alfentanil on the haemodynamic response and catecholamine response to tracheal intubation.
	bja.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/88/3/430 (1711 words)

	Alfentanil co-induction for laryngeal mask insertion. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The addition of alfentanil to propofol resulted in a greater ease of insertion and a better quality of airway patency.
		The use of alfentanil 10 micrograms.kg-1 with propofol, however, led to a significant decrease in mean arterial pressure and heart rate.
		We assessed the effect of two different doses of alfentanil (5 and 10 micrograms.kg-1) on the conditions for laryngeal mask airway insertion in ASA 1 and 2 patients who received propofol for induction of anaesthesia.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/1864124.html (202 words)

	Rapifen Intensive Care , SPC from the eMC
		Alfentanil given by infusion should only be given in areas where facilities are available to deal with respiratory depression and where continuous monitoring is performed.
		Alfentanil should only be prescribed by physicians familiar with the use of potent opioids when given by continuous IV infusion.
		Pharmacokinetics were comparable in rats, dogs and man. In children, alfentanil has been shown to have a much shorter half-life than adults, whereas the elderly show a longer half-life for alfentanil, after IV bolus doses.
	emc.medicines.org.uk /emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?DocumentID=931 (1841 words)

	Remifentanil: raccolta di abstracts - 4, Remifentanil, Oppioidi, Analgesico
		We compared remifentanil, an esterase-metabolized opioid, with alfentanil as part of balanced anesthesia with at least 0.8% isoflurane during outpatient surgery in a randomized, double-blind trial.
		Anesthesia was maintained with a nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture (66:34 ratio) and a continuous opioid infusion: remifentanil 0.25 microgram/kg/min (Remi/Placebo and Remi/Remi) or alfentanil 0.5 microgram/kg/min (Alf/Placebo).
		Among currently available analgesic drugs, alfentanil and remifentanil are considered to be the most suitable for administration by target controlled infusion, but commercial systems for these agents are not yet available.
	www.salus.it /anest/remi_ab4.html (3449 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Alfentanil Hydrochloride Injection
		You probably will receive alfentanil continuously for around-the-clock pain relief.
		If you are receiving alfentanil intravenously (in your vein), you probably will be told to store it in the refrigerator.
		If you are receiving alfentanil in your vein or under your skin, you need to know the symptoms of a catheter-related infection (an infection where the needle enters your vein or skin).
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a601130.html (746 words)

	Alfenta - Drugs & Vitamins - Drug Library - DrugDigest
		ALFENTANIL (Alfenta®) helps to induce and maintain anesthesia and sedation during and after surgery or other procedures.
		Occasionally, alfentanil may be given for the management of pain.
		Alfentanil is used mostly during surgery or while you are recovering from surgery.
	www.drugdigest.org /DD/DVH/Uses/0,3915,17\|Alfenta,00.html (539 words)

	ALFENTANIL HYDROCHLORIDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Synonyms: Alfentanil Hydrochloride monohydrate; Propanamide, N-(1-(2-(4-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl)- 4-methoxymethyl)4-piperidinyl)-n-phenyl-, hydrochloride monohydrate; Alfentanil Hydrochloride ARS; Hydroxymethylpiperidine Alfentanil ARS; N-Acetyl Alfentanil ARS; Methoxymethylpiperidine Alfentanil ARS; Dipropionyl Alfentanil ARS
		Described as being 20 to 30 times as potent as morphine, the human health effects associated with occupational exposure to Alfentanil hydrochloride are not well documented.
		Alfentanil has potent pharmacological activity and is classified as an OEB-3* material.
	bulkpharm.mallinckrodt.com /_attachments/msds/ALFHC.htm (1776 words)

	Miscellaneous Grapefruit Interactions
		Alfentanil is normally poorly absorbed (mean 42% oral absorption) when given orally.
		Alfentanil availability was increased to a mean 62% when alfentanil was given orally with grapefruit juice pre-treatment.
		A noticeable increase in pupillary miosis (decrease in pupil size) and miosis duration was observed in the GJ group, compared to the control group.
	www.powernetdesign.com /grapefruit/interactions/miscellaneous.html (3882 words)

	REMIFENTANIL: Clinical use of an evanescent opioid.
		Sufentanil and alfentanil both display similar context sensitivity but to a markedly lower extent because of variations in their apparent volume of distribution and the differing rates at which they are cleared, completely, from the body.
		As noted above, the modeled context-sensitive half-time for a 3-h infusion of alfentanil is 50-55 min and is 3 min for remifentanil.
		The onset of action of remifentanil is similar to that of alfentanil, although its offset is considerably more rapid and independent of the duration of infusion.
	faculty.washington.edu /bramhall/lectures/opioids/remife~1.htm (4428 words)

	A comparison of patient-controlled analgesia fentanyl and alfentanil for labour analgesia -- Morley-Forster et al. 47 ...
		analgesic potency of fentanyl: alfentanil was assumed to be
		The pharmacokinetics of alfentanil (R39209): a new opioid analgesic.
		Equivalence of postoperative analgesia with patient-controlled intravenous or epidural alfentanil.
	www.cja-jca.org /cgi/content/full/47/2/113 (3011 words)

	Concurrent ketamine and alfentanil administration: pharmacokinetic considerations -- Edwards et al. 88 (1): 94 -- ...
		Alfentanil distribution coefficient for the forebrain was significantly
		Tissue uptake of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers in the rat: indirect evidence for extahepatic metabolic inversion.
		Determination of alfentanil and noralfentanil in human plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
	bja.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/88/1/94 (3379 words)

	University of Iowa Anesthesia Publications
		Using a prospective, randomized, and double-blind study design, alfentanil (n = 15), fentanyl (n = 14), or sufentanil (n = 16), in combination with N2O, were administered to patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial tumor resection.
		Physicians were given two syringes, one of which was labeled as "load" for the initial loading dose and the other as "maintenance" for continuous infusion.
		The target loading doses for alfentanil, fentanyl, and sufentanil were 75, 10, and 1 microgram/kg, respectively, and initial infusion rates were 33.5, 2.0, and 0.3 microgram.kg-1.h-1, respectively.
	www.anesth.uiowa.edu /readabstract.asp?PMID=1978615 (280 words)

	CJNS-Alfentanil Medicated Activation of Epileptiform Activity in the Electrocorticogram During Resection of ...
		Abstract: Purpose: Alfentanil is a potent, short-acting opioid agent which has been used during balanced anaesthesia in children undergoing the surgical excision of epileptic foci.
		When the electrocorticogram no longer showed the effects of alfentanil administration, methohexital 0.5 µg/kg was given intravenously.
		Conclusions: As alfentanil can induce electrographic seizures in patients known to have epilepsy, caution is advised in its use in this group of patients.
	www.cjns.org /24febtoc/alfentan.htm (215 words)

	RAPIFEN® 2 mL IV injection; RAPIFEN® 10 mL IV injection
		Accumulation of alfentanil may occur under the following circumstances: With prolonged continuous infusion or with repeated administration of single doses and in patients with reduced plasma clearance e.g.
		Alfentanil may cause bradycardia, an effect that may be marked and rapid in onset, but that can be antagonized by atropine.
		Bradycardia may be more pronounced when alfentanil is combined with other anaesthetic agents which depress the heart rate or increase vagal activity.
	home.intekom.com /pharm/janssen/rapifen2.html (2011 words)

	ALFENTANIL - INJECTION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		USES: Alfentanil is a narcotic pain medication used before and/or during surgery.
		Alfentanil should be used only in a hospital or clinical setting that has proper monitoring and support equipment.
		The patient's breathing (oxygen saturation), blood pressure, and heart rate/rhythm (EKG) should be monitored while this drug is being used and throughout the recovery period.
	www.personalmd.com /drgdb/3298.htm (579 words)

	Drugs and Treatments - Alfentanil Inj - Patient Handout from WebMD
		Alfentanil is a narcotic pain medication used before and/or during surgery.
		This medication is given by vein (slow IV injection or continuous infusion) as directed by a doctor.
		The doctor should be told of all prescription and nonprescription medications the patient uses, especially of: MAO inhibitors used within the last 2 weeks (e.g., furazolidone, linezolid, phenelzine, procarbazine, selegiline, tranylcypromine), erythromycin, cimetidine.
	webmd.com /drugs/drug-17303-Alfentanil+Injection.aspx?drugid=17303&... (779 words)

	Opioids : Epilepsy.com/Professionals
		68,69 Simultaneous EEG and electromyography recordings during fentanyl, sufentanil, and alfentanil induction did not reveal epileptiform activity during intense rigidity and associated movements that might be interpreted as seizures.
		Alfentanil increases the mean temporal lobe spike frequency during temporal lobe electrocorticography.
		Among 104 patients receiving opioid and neuroleptic anesthesia for various neurodiagnostic procedures using metrizamide, there was no clinical or EEG evidence of seizures.
	professionals.epilepsy.com /page/general_opioid.html (715 words)

	Enhancement of Analgesia from Systemic Opioid in Humans by Spinal Cholinesterase Inhibition -- Hood et al. 282 (1): 86 ...
		alfentanil assay 20 min later, and the infusion was increased
		Alfentanil alone, but not neostigmine, tended to cause nausea (P =.07), although of small magnitude (fig.
		Alfentanil alone produced a small (<10%) but statistically significant reduction in HR (P =.02).
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/282/1/86 (4351 words)

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