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Topic: Algerian National Front

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Algerian War of Independence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The struggle was touched off by the Front de Libération Nationale (or FLN), an organization of Algerian nationalists in Algeria and in exile. National Council of the Algerian Revolution ( Conseil National de la Révolution Algérienne, CNRA), within which the five-man Committee of Coordination and Enforcement ( Comité de Coordination et d'Exécution, CCE) formed the executive. Algerian sources later put the figure at approximately 1.5 million dead, while French officials estimated it at 350,000. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Algerian_War

National Liberation Front - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia National Liberation Front is a common name for guerrilla organisations fighting to free their country from foreign rule, or at least claiming to be such an organisation. National Front for the Liberation of Vietnam, also known as the "Viet Cong," a guerrilla group fighting the United States Army and the National liberation fronts typically appeal to a radical nation, in the 19th century sense, or to a reactionary nationalism in the 20th century sense. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/National_Liberation_Front

Guardian Unlimited Guardian daily comment Ron Dudai and Daphna Baram: The second battle of Algiers Algerians, like the Palestinians today, argued that terror against civilians was their last resort. Algerians took the culture of terror deep into independence. But devastated contemporary Algeria, torn between the corruption of the ex-FLN leadership and Islamist fundamentalists, could be said to have its roots in the fight for independence, when Algerians attacked French civilians in restaurants and on buses. www.guardian.co.uk /comment/story/0,3604,1339763,00.html

Historical Text Archive: Articles: Proclamation of the Algerian National Front, Libertation Front, (FL... Proclamation of the Algerian National Front, Libertation Front, (FLN) November 1954 Algerians: The F. is your front; its victory is your victory. All French citizens desiring to remain in Algeria will be allowed to opt for their original nationality, in which case they will be considered as foreigners, or for Algerian nationality, in which case they will be considered as Algerians, equal both as to rights and as to duties. historicaltextarchive.com /sections.php?op=viewarticle&artid=10

Algeria: Independence war (1954-1962) In 1954, the National Liberation Front was created from a group of diverse nationalist factions, except that of Messali Hadj (who formed the National Algerian Movement), and the armed struggle began. A Committee for the Liberation of the Maghreb was created and later a National Committee of the Algerian Revolution. Deriving from the latter, an Algerian government in exile (Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic, Gouvernement provisoire de la République algérienne) was officially created in Cairo 19 September 1958, under the presidency of Ferhat Abbas, who on 27 August 1961 was replaced by the leftist Yusef Ben Jedda. fotw.vexillum.com /flags/dz_ind.html

National Front reluctantly congratulates team  PARIS (AP) -- While the rest of the nation celebrated, the anti-immigrant National Front offered subdued congratulations Monday to the victorious -- and multiracial -- French soccer team.  "The National Front is delighted this symbolic victory has brought the French people hope and joy, and made it recover its patriotic reflexes, its national anthem and its flag," the Front said.  The National Front regularly wins about 15 percent in French elections with its anti-immigrant, anti-foreigner and racist rhetoric. www.jdeq.com /SoccerWorldCup/jul13_nat.html

AllRefer - Algeria - National Security Algerian Information Resource The military, however, was heavily represented in the National Liberation Front (Front de Libération Nationale--FLN), the single party that controlled Algeria's socialist state until 1989. To avert a likely election victory by the Islamic party, the Islamic Salvation Front (Front Islamique du Salut--FIS), the minister of defense led a coup in January 1992 that brought down the civilian government, which was soon replaced by a High Council of State dominated by the military. The new nation was governed for more than twenty-five years by two military figures--Houari Boumediene from 1965 until 1978 and Chadli Benjedid from 1979 until early 1992. reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/algeria/algeria162.html

National Front and Capitalist Drive Toward Strong State The answer of liberals and reformists to the National Front is to build class-collaborationist coalitions in the name of (bourgeois) “democracy.” Ultimately this leads them to vote for the arch-reactionary bourgeois “democrat” Chirac and to push for increasing the repressive powers of the “democratic” capitalist state. The National Front is also up to its neck in the anti-abortion commandos who violently attack clinics and harass and intimidate women seeking to terminate an unwanted pregnancy. The National Front supplied the “dogs of war” to do the dirty work of France’s neocolonial empire in Africa, while it was the conservative Chirac and the “socialist” Mitterrand who employed them. www.internationalist.org /nationalfront&strongstate0602.html

Political crisis escalate between Algeria's liberation front, Butaflika The front had made a strong come back in the National People's Council ( the parliament), due to the great efforts of Benflis who was permitted when he was a prime minister to win in 2002 the legislative and municipal elections. Benflis becomes the first Algerian politician to declare his nomination for the next presidential elections despite the fact he was the official for the electoral campaign of President Butaflika in 1999 before he assumed the presidency of the government from which he was removed in May this year. In a statement, the front said that its political bureau decided to withdraw the front's ministers from the government because of what it described as the irresponsible and illogical behavior of President Abdul Aziz Butaflika. www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/031003/2003100334.html

ICL - Algeria Constitution Gathered in the national movement and later within the National Front of Liberation, the Algerian people have made great sacrifices in order to assume their collective destiny in the framework of recovered freedom and cultural identity and to build authentic people's democratic constitutional institutions. The National Front of Liberation crowned the sacrifices of the best sons of Algeria during the People's war of liberation with independence and built a modern and full sovereign State. The belief in the collective chokes allowed the people to achieve great successes, characterized by the recovery of the national resources and the building of a State exclusively for the benefit of the people and exercising freely its powers and without any external pressures. www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/ag00000_.html

Islam in France: The French Have Themselves to Blame - Middle East Quarterly - March 1997 Islamists arrested for terrorist acts were born not in Algeria but in France; they had enrolled in French schools where, socialized in the shadow of Le Pen's National Front, they learned about "our ancestors the Gauls" with blue eyes and blond hair. The rise of the National Front is symptomatic of an identity crisis that has raised fundamental questions about France itself. The National Front, founded in 1972, has emerged in the 1990s as the primary challenger to the Fifth Republic and its status as a liberal democracy. www.meforum.org /article/338

Our Campaigns - New User Account United National Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative Cambodia National Union for the Total Independence of Angola Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland www.ourcampaigns.com /cgi-bin/r.cgi/newaccount.html

africanfront.com (AUF) Note: The African Unification Front (African Front) is the only popular movement that is completely open to all Africans, without regard for state citizenship or location of residence (Africans outside the African Union are also members). National Unity Party or PUN [Jean-Paul NGOUPANDE]; CAR National Convention for Construction and Reform or NCCR [Mabere MARANDO]; TZ National Convention Party or NCP [former Vice President Sheriff DIBBA]; Gambia www.africanfront.com /politicalparties.php

Vote for National Front leader heightens political crisis in France But Chirac’s aides are now expressing fears that the upsurge in the National Front vote, together with an anti-fascist reaction from left-wing voters in the upcoming June parliamentary vote, will deny the Gaullists a majority and recreate the stalemate of cohabitation in a new form. Against all prognoses, in the second round on May 5 the incumbent, Jacques Chirac (Gaullist), will be challenged not by Prime Minister Lionel Jospin (Socialist Party), but rather by Jean-Marie Le Pen, the leader of the extreme right-wing National Front. If one combines the votes for Le Pen with those for Bruno Mégret, who heads a split-off from the National Front, it is evident that a fifth of all those who went to the polls cast votes in favour of the extreme right. www.wsws.org /articles/2002/apr2002/fran-a23.shtml

The Daily Star - Opinion Articles - Algeria's forgotten 'mudjaheedats' On Nov. 1, 1954, 50 years ago, the Algerian National Liberation Front coordinated bomb attacks and assaults throughout Algeria; it was the start of the Algerian war of independence. A new movement grouping human rights activist, old mudjaheedats and women's organizations started again to explore the issue and in 2001 a day of discussion on violence against women was organized in Algiers by the National Institute for Public Health with the participation of representatives of the police and the judiciary. Their contributions and sacrifices were thus swept under the carpet, and for decades the official discourse excluded women from the history of the Algerian independence struggle, mentioning only those women executed by the French colonial powers or the official martyrs such as Hassiba ben Bouali. dailystar.com.lb /article.asp?edition_id=10&categ_id=5&article_id=9776

Algerian Crisis : A Backgroud Algerians had been made a subclass of servants, unskilled labourers and peasants. On 26 December 1991, Algerians went to the polls in the first parliamentary elections to be held in the country thirty years after independence. In a press conference held soon afterwards, the then Algerian Prime Minister Sid Ahmed Ghozali, said that the first round of the general elections had taken place "generally in an atmosphere of calm and reassurance." Independent sources confirmed that elections were free and clean. www.library.cornell.edu /colldev/mideast/algeria2.htm

Banning of special conference of the Algerian National Liberation front An Algerian court yesterday ( Friday) asked for banning the convening of a special conference for the National Liberation Front (the only party formerly) that was dedicated to declare the nomination of its secretary general Ali Benflis officially for the presidential elections in the spring of 2004. In the most recent development of the situation between the two sides, the National Liberation Front decided on Thursday to withdraw its ministers who are close to Ali Benflis from the current governmental coalition. A judicial source explained that this decision -- which was notified to the ministry of the Interior -- was taken at the request of members of the Correction Movement of the National Liberation Front which was established by the foreign minister Abdul Aziz Balkhadem to appeal decisions of the front's recent conference. arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/031004/2003100409.html

Recomnetwork Southern racism buoys National Front For Florence Berthezene, a former fishmonger and candidate for the extreme rightwing National Front (FN) in this month's legislative elections, this sunny and apparently peaceful part of southern France is not just home. Southern racism buoys National Front as it casts about for votes Immigration, rising crime and widespread disgust with established politicians mean that the FN, which has no deputies in the French National Assembly, has a chance of winning at least some seats in southern France, although the electoral system favours big parties and their electoral allies rather than the smaller FN. www.recomnetwork.org /articles/02/06/01/1925213.shtml

Welcome to the Middle East Polcy Council web site. And in 1976, it took only a speech to silence Algerian Islamists, equally infused with Qutb’s teachings, when they defied Boumediene’s rule in a strident claim that his proposed National Charter was kufr (heresy). A former general, Liamine Zeroual, appointed president in January 1994 by a "national convention" shunned by all credible opposition parties, was "elected" president in a pluralist exercise boycotted by the three "fronts" that had won the totality of the legislative seats disputed in 1991. Today the Jacobins are curiously echoed by Algerian officials who occasionally close down lieux de culte (unofficial prayer places), accuse the "fundamentalists" of hijacking religion for political gain, and produce a new constitution banning religious political parties, thus rescucitating the erroneous belief that secularism can be decreed by law. www.mepc.org /public_asp/journal_vol5/9801_amirouche.asp

Islam Online- News Section ALGIERS, May 31 (IslamOnline and News Agencies) - The National Liberation Front (FLN), Algeria's former sole political party, won Friday, May 31, 199 seats in the 389-seat national assembly in legislative elections. The legislative election is the first since 1997 and the second since the military cancelled a certain victory by Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) party in a 1992 poll, provoking a decade-long civil war that has claimed more than 150,000 lives. Kabylie represents only about 30 seats out of the 389 in the new assembly, which will have a five-year mandate and be elected by proportional representation. www.islam-online.net /english/News/2002-05/31/article18.shtml

Harvey Simmons writes on the French National Front and International Politics   Algerian National Liberation Front suspects were brutally tortured or held in prison without charge, mass round-ups occurred with collateral civilian casualties and collective punishment was practiced when villages suspected of cooperating with or harboring terrorists were bombed from the air. Sharon observed, unlike the French Algerians who fled to mainland France after Algerian independence in 1962, the Israelis have no homeland to retreat to. Sharon has demonstrated that he learned little from his study of the Algerian War. www.yorku.ca /hsimmons/article2.htm

SAHARA PRESSE SERVICE Tifariti (liberated territories), 13/10/03 (SPS) All Algerian political parties were represented in the XI congress of Polisario Front, held for the first time in liberated territories of RASD from the 12th to the 14th October, noted observers. Giving a speech, in Monday, before of more than 1600 delegates who are meeting in an ordinary congress in Tifariti, President of the Republic declared that Polisario Front fully ‘’co-operated’’ concerning the last Baker’s plan, yet, remaining ‘’attached to the initial settlement Plan accepted by the two parties and endorsed by international’’. Taking stock of the diplomatic achievements of the last 4 years, M. Abdelaziz noted that Saharawi question ‘’became an international problem, to which the only solution consist in the respect of its basic principle: the right of Nations to self-determination’’. www.spsrasd.info /../sps-e131003.html

"LePen's National Front: A Threat to the Jews of France" by Robert O. Freedman In addition to the four cities now under the control of the National Front, it is also seeking to expand its influence in social organizations such as clubs and Chambers of Commerce, and plans to compete in the regional elections in March 1998, especially in the region of Provence-Alpes-Cote D'Azur. It is the leaders of the major political parties who must play the key role in weakening the appeal of the National Front, such as Lionel Jospin, France's new Socialist prime minister who came to power as a result of the May-June 1997 elections. Thus LePen asserts that the National Front, by opposing immigration, alone is the defender of French civilization from within and without; that a vote for the National Front is a vote for French civilization, and against European domination and foreign (read Moslem) immigration. www.jcpa.org /jl/vp370.htm

Front de Liberation Nationale It is thus that our national movement, overwhelmed by years of immobilisme and routine, poorly oriented, deprived of the indispensable support of public opinion, and overtaken by events, has progressively disintegrated, to the great satisfaction of colonialism, which thinks it has carried off its greatest victory in its struggle against the Algerian vanguard. All Frenchmen wishing to remain in Algeria will have the choice between their nationality of origin, in which case they will be considered foreigners vis a vis the laws in place, or they will opt for Algerian nationality, in which case they will be considered such in rights and obligations. The restoration of the sovereign, democratic and social Algerian state, within the framework of Islamic principles. www.marxists.org /history/algeria/1954/proclamation.htm

Algerian liberation front condemns attempt to distort Algerian people's struggle The Algerian national liberation front party has condemned what it considered attempts to distort the "glorious liberation war" launched by the Algerian people under the banner of the national liberation front and the national liberation army. However, the national liberation front party is considered the first political formation member in the government to debate its views and stance concerning the discussions raised in France over the tortures practices conducted by the French army in Algeria. Algerian liberation front condemns attempt to distort Algerian people's struggle www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/001207/2000120714.html

Elections in Algeria Front National Algérien (Algerian National Front): nationalist party Front pour la Libération Nationale/Jabha al Tahrir al Watani The al-Majlis al-Umma/Conseil de la Nation (National Council) has 144 members, 96 members elected by communal councils and 48 members appointed by the president. www.electionworld.org /algeria.htm

channel4.com – Culture – Don't Panic National liberation movements often adopt violent tactics in situations where peaceful protest is seen to have failed. On some occasions, as in the case of the sabotage campaign organised by Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress (ANC), the adoption of terrorist tactics is agreed on by the whole of a national liberation movement. In these circumstances, national liberation movements frequently resort to terrorist violence, aiming to induce the occupiers to withdraw or grant greater autonomy. www.channel4.com /culture/microsites/D/dont_panic/whoare_nationallib_t.html   (306 words)

Algerian National Liberation Front - Wiktionary Wiktionary does not have an entry for this word yet. If you created an entry under this title previously, it may have been deleted. en.wiktionary.org /wiki/:Algerian_National_Liberation_Front   (306 words)

Algerian front reiterates support for Palestinian cause The central committee of the Algerian national liberation front party has renewed its support and backing for the Palestinian cause and called on the international community to shoulder its responsibility as peace can not be attained in the region without the establishment of the independent Palestinian state. In a statement issued in conclusion of works of its 7th session on Thursday evening the committee warned against using works of the terrorist groups to carry out actions against the Arab and Muslim communities and against mixing between terrorist acts and liberation struggle. www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/011013/2001101311.html   (306 words)

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