Algerian National Liberation Front

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Topic: Algerian National Liberation Front

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	channel4.com – Culture – Don't Panic
		National liberation movements often adopt violent tactics in situations where peaceful protest is seen to have failed.
		On some occasions, as in the case of the sabotage campaign organised by Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress (ANC), the adoption of terrorist tactics is agreed on by the whole of a national liberation movement.
		In these circumstances, national liberation movements frequently resort to terrorist violence, aiming to induce the occupiers to withdraw or grant greater autonomy.
	www.channel4.com /culture/microsites/D/dont_panic/whoare_nationallib_t.html (306 words)

	Algeria: Independence war (1954-1962)
		The National Liberation Front held the position of being the sole legal party in Algeria until the late 1980s, when the Algerian Constitution was finally amended to allow a multiparty system.
		A Committee for the Liberation of the Maghreb was created and later a National Committee of the Algerian Revolution.
		During the years of the liberation struggle diverse variations of the nationalist flag were used, but the majority were similar to the present national flag, notwithstanding that there are photos and reports of other flags.
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/dz_ind.html (916 words)

	National Front and Capitalist Drive Toward Strong State
		The impunity of the National Front’s paramilitary apparatus is a function of its close ties to organs of state repression (notably the army, police, gendarmes, CRS and secret services), and the private “security” companies and professional mercenaries that are their offshoots.
		The answer of liberals and reformists to the National Front is to build class-collaborationist coalitions in the name of (bourgeois) “democracy.” Ultimately this leads them to vote for the arch-reactionary bourgeois “democrat” Chirac and to push for increasing the repressive powers of the “democratic” capitalist state.
		The National Front thugs have even occasionally attacked police with impunity, as on 21 October 1996, when several hundred FN demonstrators marched from a speech by FN leader Bruno Gollnisch to the Arc de Triomphe to stage a provocation.
	www.internationalist.org /nationalfront&strongstate0602.html (4225 words)

	Algerian Crisis : A Backgroud
		Ahmed Ben Bella, with the support of Colonel Houari Boumedienne, the National Liberation Army chief of staff, emerged as the winner and was elected the first president of Algeria in 1962.
		On 26 December 1991, Algerians went to the polls in the first parliamentary elections to be held in the country thirty years after independence.
		In a press conference held soon afterwards, the then Algerian Prime Minister Sid Ahmed Ghozali, said that the first round of the general elections had taken place "generally in an atmosphere of calm and reassurance." Independent sources confirmed that elections were free and clean.
	www.library.cornell.edu /colldev/mideast/algeria2.htm (1351 words)

	Historical Text Archive: Articles: Proclamation of the Algerian National Front, Libertation Front, (FL...
		Proclamation of the Algerian National Front, Libertation Front, (FLN) November 1954
		All French citizens desiring to remain in Algeria will be allowed to opt for their original nationality, in which case they will be considered as foreigners, or for Algerian nationality, in which case they will be considered as Algerians, equal both as to rights and as to duties.
		Algerians: The F. is your front; its victory is your victory.
	historicaltextarchive.com /sections.php?op=viewarticle&artid=10 (491 words)

	ipedia.com: National Liberation Front Article
		National Liberation Front is a common name for guerrilla organisations fighting to free their country from foreign rule, or at least claiming to be such an organisation.
		The National Front for the Liberation of Vietnam, also known as the "Viet Cong," a guerrilla group fighting the United States Army and the South Vietnamese government in the Vietnam War.
		The Front de Libération Nationale, an Algerian group fighting for independence from France during the 1950s and 1960s, which later became the sole Algerian party, and is now one among many Algerian parties.
	www.ipedia.com /national_liberation_front.html (191 words)

	Papon "ordered secret Paris massacre of 1961"
		The Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN), which had orchestrated the attacks, responded by organising a protest march.
		In 1961, during the Algerian war of independence, Papon, then chief of police, imposed a curfew in the capital after the murder of 11 of his officers by nationalists.
		When the issue was raised in the National Assembly and the Senate, political pressure was brought to bear to ensure that no official inquiry was held.
	www.fantompowa.net /Flame/algerians_sunday_times.htm (1092 words)

	Guardian The second battle of Algiers
		On November 1 1954 the the FLN (the Algerian National Liberation Front) broadcast its proclamation calling for the "restoration of the Algerian state", coordinated with a series of armed attacks on French targets.
		Another crucial lesson of the Algerian war is the futility of using military force to try and crush a popular uprising for national liberation.
		The 50th anniversary of the beginning of the Algerian liberation war against France falls on Monday.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5051518-103552,00.html (1277 words)

	The Militant - June 11, 2001 -- Lessons of the Algerian Revolution
		The root causes of this national liberation struggle were the social consequences of the economic exploitation of Algeria.
		The government aided other national liberation struggles in Africa, for example, assisting in the opening of a headquarters in Algiers of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola in February 1963.
		Although this socialist perspective was frequently reaffirmed in the documents of the FLN, nearly half the seats on the National Committee and Political Bureau of the FLN were given to men opposed to the development of the nationalized sector of the economy, and opposed to the self-management committees.
	www.themilitant.com /2001/6523/652350.html (4815 words)

	Untitled Document
		As a National Liberation Front's delegate to many Pan-African conferences in Africa, as the Algerian revolution's delegate in black Africa, and as the Provisional Government's ambassador to Ghana, Fanon worked tirelessly to link the Algerian Revolution to the upcoming African revolution, and to forge political and solidarity links between Arab Africa and Black Africa.
		Since 1954 it has maintained the slogan of the national liberation of Algeria and the liberation of the African continent'.(17) It was in the context of these essays that Fanon write A Dying Colonialism to explain to African intellectuals and world public opinion the structural changes effected by the then on-going revolution in Algeria.
		The Algerian people, in the great struggle that they lead against colonial oppression, bring to light their own national consciousness so that an Algerian nation, based on mass participation, can no longer be deferred.
	pzadmin.pitzer.edu /masilela/general/essays/fanon2.htm (5821 words)

	Untitled Document
		Long considered iconic for anti-imperialist radicals of the 1960’s and ‘70’s, the film was written and co-produced by Saadi Yacef, an ex-leader of the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN).
		The protesters represent the unified will of the Algerian people, and the lesson is that this outcome was inevitable.
		It accords with Pontecorvo’s Marxism that the film ends with this, a microcosm of the relationship between the guerrilla and the crowd: each time the policeman lunges for her, the girl skips back into the mass of people behind her.
	www.fluxfactory.org /otr/mitchellalgiers.htm (1377 words)

	The Daily Star - Opinion Articles - Algeria's forgotten 'mudjaheedats'
		On Nov. 1, 1954, 50 years ago, the Algerian National Liberation Front coordinated bomb attacks and assaults throughout Algeria; it was the start of the Algerian war of independence.
		By unveiling events that happened 50 years ago, Algerian feminists today aim to stress that women who were active participants in the independence and birth of their country refuse to be ignored.
		In 1984 Algerian women rebelled against a conservatism that resulted in a state of affairs where women who strayed outside the conservative norms dictating female dress and behavior risk anything from public censure to vigilante violence.
	www.dailystar.com.lb /article.asp?edition_id=10&categ_id=5&article_id=9776 (858 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Algerian War
		Even France's "Anglo-Saxon" allies, concerned that the Algerian situation was pushing France to the brink of civil war, pressed Paris to end the conflict.
		Outgunned on the battlefield, the FLN won the political and diplomatic war hands down as Arab states recognized the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic.
		The United Nations rejected Paris's contention that Algeria was an internal French problem and voted to debate the issue.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/mh_001500_algerianwar.htm (449 words)

	Dissent Magazine - Winter 2002
		But this is a definition that best fits the terrorism of a national liberation or revolutionary movement (the Irish Republican Army, the Algerian National Liberation Front [FLN], the Palestine Liberation Organization, the Basque Separatist Movement, and so on).
		This kind of Enemy is the special creation of nationalist and religious movements, which often aim not only at the defeat but at the removal or elimination of the “others.” Wartime propaganda commonly has the same effect, demonizing the other side, even when both sides expect the war to end with a negotiated peace.
		It isn’t a betrayal of liberal or American values to do that; it is in fact the right thing to do, because the first obligation of the state is to protect the lives of its citizens (that’s what states are for), and American lives are now visibly and certainly at risk.
	www.dissentmagazine.org /menutest/archives/2002/wi02/walzer.shtml (3149 words)

	Middle East Policy: A Diplomatic Revolution: Algeria's Fight for Independence and the Origins of the Post-Cold War Era.(Book Review)@ HighBeam Research
		The struggle of the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) captured the imagination of anti-colonialists throughout the world and consecrated...
		The Algerian war of independence (1954-62) was the twentieth century's epic war of national liberation.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:130931590&refid=holomed_1 (221 words)

	village voice > film > by Leslie Camhi
		"That fight gave meaning to my life," this son of a baker, born in the casbah, said of his role as a guerrilla leader in the FLN (the Algerian National Liberation Front).
		Liberated after the war's end in 1962, and aided by the new Algerian government, he created the production company Casbah Films, and hired the Italian Gillo Pontecorvo as director.
		It's been almost 50 years since Saadi Yacef, revolutionary hero of the Algerian war of independence, leapt across the terraces of the casbah in Algiers, fleeing from French forces.
	www.villagevoice.com /issues/0402/camhi2.php (604 words)

	Algiers - news and current events.
		The Algerian National Liberation Front is preparing to convene its conference next Saturday and Sunday with the aim to unify their ranks aft...
		The Liberation Front party, the largest Algerian party, opened works of its 8th conference which is described as the reconciliation and sett...
		ALGIERS - Algeria's main National Liberation Front (FLN) has elected the country's President Abdelaziz Bouteflika as its leader in a bid to...
	archive.wn.com /2005/02/02/1400/algiers (618 words)

	Banning of special conference of the Algerian National Liberation front
		An Algerian court yesterday (Friday) asked for banning the convening of a special conference for the National Liberation Front (the only party formerly) that was dedicated to declare the nomination of its secretary general Ali Benflis officially for the presidential elections in the spring of 2004.
		A judicial source explained that this decision -- which was notified to the ministry of the Interior -- was taken at the request of members of the Correction Movement of the National Liberation Front which was established by the foreign minister Abdul Aziz Balkhadem to appeal decisions of the front's recent conference.
		The court of the capital Algiers informed the ministry of the interior that since this is issue is still being considered, the Liberation Front cannot convene its extraordinary conference which expected to be held at the headquarters of the party in Algiers today (Saturday).
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/031004/2003100409.html (361 words)

	The First Helicopter War — www.greenwood.com
		The Algerian National Liberation Front and Its Army
		The Logistics of the Algerian Army of National Liberation
		This study also provides useful insights into the nature of the "wars of national liberation" and counter-insurgency doctrines that dominated military affairs in the mid-20th century.
	www.greenwood.com /books/bookdetail.asp?sku=C6388 (316 words)

	Algerian liberation front reconvenes 8th conference
		The Algerian National Liberation Front is preparing to convene its conference next Saturday and Sunday with the aim to unify their ranks after the split that took place prior to the recent presidential elections took place in the country.
		O Yahya to re-form the Algerian government; Benflis resigned the liberation front
		This meeting came at a decision of the Algerian state council which adopted the decision released by Algeria's court in December 2003 providing for "freezing all activities" of the front which includes the majority of the parliamentarians.
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/050129/2005012909.html (382 words)

	Zapatista Army of National Liberation -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia
		With a combination of bravado and mystery, the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) stormed onto the Mexican political scene during the first week of 1994.
		The most radical Tamil group was the Liberation Tigers, who used guerrilla and terrorist methods to pursue their goal of an independent Tamil state to be called Eelam in northern and...
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9314307 (822 words)

	BBC NEWS Europe Ex-minister sued over Algeria war
		Tens of thousands of them died in the brutal reprisals which followed at the hands of the victorious Algerian National Liberation Front.
		A lawsuit being filed in Paris on Tuesday alleges that, in a deliberately racist policy, white settlers were evacuated and pro-French Algerians were abandoned to their fate as the independence war drew to a close.
		Mr Messmer has said that Algerians who fought for France were offered the choice between integration into the French army or a small pay-off, and most took the latter.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/low/europe/3239999.stm (409 words)

	De Gaulle accused of abandoning the Harkis - Stormfront White Nationalist Community
		Algerian women were massively manifesting without islamic veils during the war, something that would be damn impossible today.
		Every algerian who is honest about the state of his country will tell you that Algeria was in a far better state, before 1962 than today.
		We could have avoided the massive immigration of the less valuable elements of the algerian people, by controlling their demographics, and last but not least, have a direct access to oil, which would have made us as wealthy as Norway...
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?p=710720 (2341 words)

	Leaflet: The ELF And The Spectacle - www.ezboard.com
		As a "front", the ELF takes a bit of the Che Guevara image of third-world "national liberation" movements such as the Algerian "National Liberation Front" and extends it to a world scale.
		The "decentralized cell organization" of the Earth Liberation Front is today often presented by the media and it's supporters as the most extreme, the most "heavy", and the most radical challenge of Radicals Greens to the dominant order.
		We aren't surprised by the gulags and Chernobyls that activists of "real" liberations fronts have constructed in Russia, Algeria, Nicaragua, China and many other places.
	p198.ezboard.com /fanarchismfrm6.showMessage?topicID=317.topic (912 words)

	Movie Gurus - The Movie Review Community
		“The Battle of Algiers” was filmed on location in Algeria a mere three years after the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) wrestled control of the country from France and the entaglements of 130 years of colonial occupation.
		The story, loosely based on the recollections of Algerian revolutionary Saadi Yacef, documents the organization of an urban Guerilla army from the inside.
		The FLN arranged for Pontevorco to have unprecedented access to locations in or near where the events depicted actually occurred, and was provided large crowds of extras.
	www.movie-gurus.com /content/reviews/t/1551 (664 words)

	La Bataille d'Alger / The Battle of Algiers / La Battaglia di Algeri / Gillo Pontecorvo / 1965 / film review / Algerian war
		This leads to the creation of the FLN, the Algerian National Liberation Front, who decide that terrorist activity is the only way to achieve independence.
		The Algerian war was a terrible period of history and this film relates just part of that conflict, centred on the town of Algiers, to coldly inform us, not to shock, not to entertain.
		The film was commissioned by the Algerian government a short while after Algeria was granted its independence in 1962, and it was directed by a renowned Italian film director, Gillo Pontecorvo, with an Italian production company.
	frenchfilms.topcities.com /nf_La_bataille_d_Alger_rev.html (499 words)

	The Pocket Guide to World History - Fleur de Lys to Florian
		Algerian National Liberation Front conducts war vs France.
	www.benlo.com /history/ph284.html (29 words)

	The return of an anti-imperialist classic
		The film is based on the prison notebooks of Saadi Yacef, who was a leader of the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN), an underground resistance group that fought a fierce guerrilla war against the French from 1954-57.
		The incredible power of the film is that while it doesn’t whitewash the violence of national liberation struggles, it stands firmly and confidently on the side of the oppressed.
		But ultimately even this repression is useless--as the end of the film shows mass protest of Algerians confronting tanks and tear gas to win their independence.
	www.socialistworker.org /2004-1/487/487_09_BattleOfAlgiers.shtml (335 words)

	BBC News MEDIA REPORTS Paris marks Algerian protest 'massacre'
		The National Liberation Front's armed wing was fighting for Algerian independence from France, and the television said around 30 French policemen had been killed in attacks.
		Up to 30,000 people attended the 1961 protest, organised by the Algerian National Liberation Front, against a curfew on Algerians in the city.
		After the unveiling, some centre and right-wing deputies walked out of the National Assembly in protest, after the war veterans minister replied to a question by saying the curfew was applied on the basis of physical appearance.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/world/monitoring/media_reports/1604970.stm (611 words)

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