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	Grand Ayatollah Sayed Ali Sistani
		As to the form of imperative, Ayatullah Sistani discusses this matter depending on some sociologists' theories, which say that the reason behind dividing the REQUEST into: Order, Begging, and Asking, is the intercession of the requester in his Request, as whether it is of higher, equal or lower than the normal level.
		Now, when Ayatullah Sistani discusses the rule of "ta`aadul and taraajeeh", he refers to the secret concealed inside this rule, which is the reason of the hadiths' difference.
		Sistani also taught the Usoul for three complete courses, some of which are ready for publication, like his research on the scientific roots (principles), "ta`adul and taraajeeh", some researches on Fiqh, some chapters about prayers, the rule of Taqiyyah and ilzam.
	www.alulbayt.com /sistani/bio.htm (3541 words)

	Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani
		Sistani, in contrast, envisages active participation of the ulama and the faithful in the public and legal spheres, though refraining from political involvement in the governmental apparatus (i.e., the state).
		Sistani's recent call for a pan-Shi'i electoral alliance, in that now even includes the Sadrists, brings to light not only his influence but also the Ayatollah's potential power to expand his civic religious network across sectarian and political partisanship, which is unprecedented in Iraq's history.
		Sistani's recent opposition to the call by Sunni Arab and Kurdish political factions to postpone the January 30 elections underlines the Ayatollah's concern for possible delays of other important deadlines in 2005 related to the writing of the permanent constitution.
	meria.idc.ac.il /journal/2004/issue4/jv8no4a2.html (4176 words)

	IRAQ: Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani - Council on Foreign Relations
		Sistani’s clout was confirmed August 27 when he negotiated an end to a bloody three-week standoff between Muqtada al-Sadr’s Mehdi Army and U.S. AND Iraqi forces around the Imam Ali mosque in Najaf, one of Shiism’s holiest sites.
		Sistani has said that no law in Iraq should conflict with Islamic principles, and he wants Islam to be recognized in law as the religion of the majority of Iraqis.
		Sistani was born near the Iranian city of Masshad, a holy place of Shiite pilgrimage centered on the tomb of Imam Reza, the eighth Shiite imam.
	www.cfr.org /background/background_iraq_sistani.php (1949 words)

	Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Husaini Sistani (Arabic: السيد علي الحسيني السيستاني Persian: سید علی حسینی سیستانی; born approximately August 4, 1930) is a Grand Ayatollah, a Shi'a marja.
		Ali Sistani began his religious education as a child, beginning in Mashhad, and moving on to study at the Shi'a holy city of Qom in central Iran in 1949.
		While Sistani had survived the persecution that killed many other Shia clerics, his mosque was shut down in 1994, and did not reopen until after the American invasion which toppled the Baath regime.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ayatollah_Ali_al-Sistani (1043 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Top Iraqi Cleric Said to Survive Attempt on Life
		The incident was shrouded in conflicting reports and denials, reflecting the intense interest that Iraqis and foreigners have in Sistani, a pivotal figure in the country's transition from U.S. occupation to Iraqi rule.
		Sistani, who has not appeared in public in more than six years, was outside of his home when he was fired on with AK-47 assault rifles, Abu Abdullah said.
		Sistani's aides have said the most serious attempt on his life occurred in 1997, when two men in turbans entered his office before evening prayers.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A15963-2004Feb5?language=printer (852 words)

	Middle East Online
		Sistani, 73, arrived in the morning from Baghdad and flew out on a Middle East Airlines flight for London at 11:30 am (0830 GMT), the officials said, without elaborating on his state of health.
		Sistani is regarded by the US-led coalition as a key moderating force among Iraq's Shiite majority.
		Sistani, who is not suffering from a terminal illness, was accompanied by his son, doctor and an assistant, he added.
	www.middle-east-online.com /english/?id=10885 (410 words)

	Ali al-Sistani
		Sistani is the head of a structure handling large amounts of money every year.
		Sistani is told to be honest, modest and ascetic.
		Sistani leads the funeral prayers of Khoei's burial.
	i-cias.com /e.o/sistani_a.htm (371 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Ali al-Sistani, 72, is the official religious leader of Iraqi Shiites and the most respected scholar in the holy city of Najaf.
		Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani is not expected to escalate his position to the point where he might issue a fatwa calling for jihad and armed resistance, since he does not believe in wilayat al-faqih [the right of Islamic jurists to rule].
		Ayatollah Sistani has brought the rambunctious Sadr to heel, so now he will protect him against a US threat to capture or kill the headstrong young imam, who is wanted on murder charges.
	www.indybay.org /newsitems/2004/04/05/16762571_content.html (1866 words)

	Asia Times Online :: Middle East News, Iraq, Iran current affairs
		Sistani's unquestioned moral authority has put the limelight on nothing less than a silent battle for the core of the Shi'ite soul.
		The concept of an Islamic state, according to Imam Ali, for Shi'ites, is still the model of pure Islam.
		This "battle" between Sistani and Khamenei extrapolates to the extremely fluid interplay between Najaf and Qom.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Middle_East/GH31Ak03.html (1729 words)

	Lebanonwire.com \| Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani: The real face of power in Iraq
		Ayatollah Sistani's prime influence comes from his status as Shi'ism's leading marjah al-taqlid, the title (literally object of emulation) given to a cleric whom Iraq's 15 million Shia Muslims regard as a guide in every aspect of their lives.
		One of Sistani's fellow students in his early days in Najaf was Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini who believed that, left to their own devices, most people would not live by Islam's precepts and so developed a doctrine of clerical dictatorship - velayet-e faqih (the Regency of the Jurist), which was the basis for the Iranian revolution.
		Sistani has said that no law in Iraq should conflict with Islamic principles, and he wants Islam to be recognised in law as the religion of the majority of Iraqis.
	www.lebanonwire.com /0403/04030602IND.asp (1745 words)

	AYATULLAH AL-UZMA SISTANI
		Ayatullah Sayyid Ali Husayni Sistani was born in Rabi`ul Awwal 1349 A.H. A.D.) in Mashhad, into a family known for its religious background.
		Ayatullah Sistani is one of the few students who obtained a degree of Ijtihad.
		Because Ayatullah Sistani is fond of knowledge and always does his best to Reach the truth, and also because he respects everybody's opinion and every objective point, he keeps reading and researching all the time.
	www.ya-hussain.com /int_col1/others/ulama/sistani.htm (2527 words)

	Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Sistani has tacitly supported the U.S. occupation of Iraq and wants the members of Iraq’s transitional and permanent governments—as well as the framers of a new Iraqi constitution—chosen through direct elections.
		Sistani has refused to speak with L. Paul Bremer III, the head of the U.S. occupation authority; he has not given a reason for his reluctance to meet with Bremer.
		Sistani’s first statements after the start of the war were viewed as tacitly supportive of the U.S.-led effort to depose Saddam Hussein.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1035250/posts (2155 words)

	The Religious Face of Iraq (washingtonpost.com)
		Sistani's edicts are squarely within the Shiite tradition, and he's considered by many observers a moderate in most things.
		Sistani was born in 1929 near Masshad, and began studying the Koran at age 5.
		Sistani, for instance, often decides it is permissible to do things that, within other religious contexts, would never have been questionable in the first place.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A33388-2005Feb17.html (1076 words)

	Iraq Shiite leader no fan of rule-by-imam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Sistani, a good-humored, grandfatherly figure who lives in the Iraqi holy city of Najaf, is immensely popular among Iraq's Shiite majority and has been immensely valuable to the United States in encouraging Shiites to cooperate with the U.S. occupation.
		Sistani's relatives, mostly living in Mashad and the southeastern Iranian town of Zabol, said they continue to fear Iran's militant Islamist officials.
		Sistani's Najaf-based sons and Qom-based son-in-law conduct the day-to-day operations of his foundation's properties, which include a successful Internet service provider that employs 66 workers and operates sites like Sistani.org and the home page for Iran's conservative Council of Guardians.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/04067/281671.stm (857 words)

	"Najaf is dying" - Salon
		Ali was tired; there were dark circles under his eyes, which I noticed when he rolled his glass display case toward the sidewalk.
		Ali hates the al Mahdi people in a visceral way and walks down Rasul Street with his haunted look without trying to hide from the packs of armed men.
		Back in Najaf that afternoon, I tried to visit Sistani's house to see how it had been attacked by the gunmen, but the dour men at the Sistani checkpoint were not interested in showing the bullet marks to journalists.
	dir.salon.com /story/news/feature/2004/05/22/najaf/index1.html (2085 words)

	Ali Husaini Sistani - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Sistani, Ali Husaini or Ali Hussein al-Sistani, 1930-, Shiite grand ayatollah in Iraq, b.
		A proponent of the traditionalist Shiite view that religious leaders should not in general be directly involved in national political life, he tacitly accepted the U.S. invasion of Iraq while criticizing aspects of the occupation and proposed constitution, and calling for a prompt return to Iraqi rule and democratic elections.
		The Religious Face of Iraq; Shiite Leader Ali Sistani's Edicts Illuminate the Gap With the West
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-sistania1h1.html (194 words)

	Ali Sistani - SourceWatch
		From his biography and in interviews with fellow clerics, his staff and Iraqis who have met him, a complex picture emerges of a man whose exercise of power is as much a consequence of time and place as of his personality.
		A deeply traditional cleric, Sistani has been steeped in the culture of religious schools since he was 10 years old, educated by some of their most illustrious scholars and dedicated to the preservation of the schools' authority.
		Sistani fears the loss of what he describes as Iraq's Islamic identity, and he trusts that Iraqis, a Muslim, Arab people, will not disavow it if given a voice through elections.
	www.sourcewatch.org /wiki.phtml?title=Grand_Ayatollah_al-Sistani (653 words)

	Why we'd better listen to Ayatollah Sistani. - By Ed Finn - Slate Magazine
		Sistani has earned this respect not only because of his formidable insights as an Islamic theologian but also because of his reputation, even among his enemies, as a man of principle who does not dabble lightly in politics.
		Saddam's henchmen executed many of Sistani's relatives (along with thousands of their fellow Shiites), but he survived, occasionally under house arrest, and refused to endorse or condemn the regime.
		Sistani has proved that he is not interested in an Iranian-style theocracy for Iraq, but his vision for Iraq's future almost certainly includes a heavy dose of Islamic orthodoxy.
	www.slate.com /id/2094814 (1498 words)

	Whatever happened to Iraq's Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani?: Don't Panic... Your war questions answered: Don't Panic: ...
		Sistani, who was born in Iran, is opposed to that sort of setup.
		Sistani was concerned that a caucus system would lessen the voting power of Iraqi Shi'ites, who comprise 60 percent of Iraq's population.
		Sistani is apparently worried that continuing as a "failed" political leader will diminish his influence as a religious leader as well.
	charlotte.creativeloafing.com /gyrobase/Content?oid=oid:77024 (832 words)

	Middle East Information - MEIC Issues and analysis of the Middle East: Conflicts, News, History, Religions and ...
		Sistani disagrees with the latest U.S. plan to choose delegates for Iraq’s interim government through a complex series of nationwide caucuses, and instead calls for direct elections.
		Sistani has been tolerant of the U.S. occupation and, by and large, has encouraged Shiites to cooperate with the coalition.
		Sistani has been meeting regularly with members of groups thought to be sympathetic to Iranian-style Islamism, including governing council members affiliated with the Islamist group al-Da’wa and the Supreme Council for Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI).
	middleeastinfo.org /article3861.html (1865 words)

	Sistani threatens to turn to Militia \| TPMCafe
		Astonishingly, Sistani seems to be threatening to deploy his own militia, Ansar Sistani, if the Iraqi government doesn't do a better job of protecting Shiites and their holy sites.
		One lesson Sistani will have taken from the bombing of the Askariyah shrine in Samarra is that he is not very secure in Najaf, either.
		If Ayatollah Sistani believes that the new Shia-dominated Iraqi government that he has worked for since the US invasion cannot control the Sunni insurgents (or whoever was responsible for the mosque bombing), he may decide that the presence of US troops has aggravated the situation beyond repair.
	www.tpmcafe.com /node/27156 (766 words)

	Sistani’s fears realized
		His fears were not unfounded and Sistani never lost sight that the invasion had nothing to do with furthering the interests of the people of Iraq.
		The facts appear to reinforce Sistani’s fears as ethnic and sectarian strife and the death of innocent Iraqis become the norm in various parts of Iraq, and the hopes of a functional and sovereign country is a, seemingly, remote reality.
		Sistani may be the only credible force left for building a democratically functional Iraqi.
	onlinejournal.com /artman/publish/article_1205.shtml (1229 words)

	Iraq's Most Powerful Man - Newsweek The War in Iraq - MSNBC.com
		Sistani’s obstinacy has little to do with a cloistered or backward mentality, which is how some frustrated U.S. officials characterize his thinking.
		Indeed, if Sistani continues his current strategy of mild confrontation with Washington, the aging ayatollah—who is described as “frighteningly intelligent” by one political ally—will likely emerge as the most dominant and revered figure in post-occupation Iraq.
		Sistani issued a fatwa demanding direct elections to form the nation’s new transitional assembly, which is to be elected by the end of May and will formally assume power from Bremer and the Governing Council.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/3987085 (1908 words)

	BadGalsRadio - Fo Real Doh !! » Blog Archive » The fatwa by Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani condemning Israel ...
		Sistani had earlier condemned Israeli air raids on Lebanon but had confined himself to ordering the Iraqi Shiite religious establishment to provide aid to victims of the war in Lebanon.
		Sistani’s statements of early Monday morning (which are not yet reflected at his website in Arabic) go substantially beyond his earlier statement.
		Sistani is taking such a hard line on this issue not only because he feels strongly about it (his fatwa against the Jenin operation of 2002 was vehement) but also because he is in danger of being outflanked by Muqtada al-Sadr.
	badgals-radio.com /?p=663 (1429 words)

	Al-Sistani mixes tradition with modern outlook - The Washington Times: World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		MASHAD, Iran — The modest mud-brick hut where Ali al-Husseini al-Sistani was born is now a modern home with a doorbell and indoor garage.
		Though his stature in Iran is superceded by other clerics including Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei his influence and financial support in other parts of the world appear to be growing.
		When his nephew, Mohammad-Taqi Mojtahedi al-Sistani, visited him three months ago in a narrow alleyway near the Imam Ali mosque in Najaf, the nephew brought saffron, a spice cherished by Iranians and grown in the arid valleys near Mashad.
	www.washtimes.com /world/20040309-120239-2760r.htm (863 words)

	iranian.com: Iqbal Latif, Hope vs. chaos
		Sistani plan to have higher goals his ambitions of Shiite heart and soul stems from his desire to shift the thrust of Shiite theocracy from Qom to Najaf and Karbela.
		Scratching the wounds a little deeper, it is actually Sistani and Sadr who are fighting for the heart and soul of Shiite mainstream sympathies; it is Sistani who has emerged as winner and has emerged as the grandest of the Ayatollahs that has the power to incite popular resistance.
		Sistani call to "mass popular uprising for peace" was a de-facto call for Sadr withdrawal, that Sistani achieved very ingeniously, someone who is not even a born Iraqi to accomplish this ideological following in Iraq is matchless.
	www.iranian.com /IqbalLatif/2005/September/Hope/index.html (1442 words)

	Iraq'd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Attempting to co-opt Sistani, who's issued calls for quiet, is a smart strategy: As grand ayatollah, Sistani commands vastly more allegiance from Shia Iraqis than the 30-year old Orson Welles look-alike.
		Sistani is the most important figure in Iraqi Shiism, but that position isn't immutable.
		Sistani is said to be singularly focused on ensuring that the Shia don't repeat the mistakes of 1920, when a violent and futile revolt against the British occupation paved the way to Sunni domination and Shia subjugation.
	www.tnr.com /blog/iraqd?pid=1539 (719 words)

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