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Topic: Alice and Bob

	Intelligent Design as a Theory of Information: Dembski, William A.
		In the case of Alice and Bob, Alice being dealt a royal flush is probabilistically independent of Bob being dealt a royal flush, and so the amount of information in Alice and Bob both being dealt royal flushes equals the sum of the individual amounts of information.
		Suppose Alice and Bob were satisfied with their old set of china, and had no inkling prior to opening their gifts that they might expect a new set of china.
		Alice and Bob are therefore without a relevant pattern whither to refer their gifts prior to actually receiving the gifts from their children.
	www.arn.org /docs/dembski/wd_idtheory.htm (7622 words)

	Alice and Bob - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The names Alice and Bob are commonly used placeholders for archetypal characters in fields such as cryptography and physics.
		In typical implementations of these protocols, it is understood that the actions attributed to characters such as Alice or Bob would not normally be carried out by human parties directly, but rather by a trusted automated agent (such as a computer program) on their behalf.
		Alice and Bob are archetypes in cryptography; the names further down the alphabet not quite as much so.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alice_and_Bob (615 words)

	Talk:Alice and Bob - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A google search for "Alice Bob kriptografie" gives a Czech page (http://cml.fsv.cvut.cz/~kupca/qc/node25.html) as well as German, so it seems fair to say that Alice and Bob are used, at least sometimes, in other languages as well.
		In particular, I've had it pointed out to me that Alice seems a good choice (however it was originally made, I suppose) as it does have a whiff of Wonderland about it which fits well with the oddities and obscuritites of crypto into which one is plunged following Alice and her compatriots.
		Random quote I came across: "the Alice of cryptographic fame is neither hermaphroditic nor transgendered" - Neal Koblitz and Alfred Menezes, commenting on a signature scheme in which Alice is able to prove that she is Bob.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Alice_and_Bob (1436 words)

	Untitled Document
		Bob admitted that the pattern was not exactly what she had specified (Bob made a small mistake in ordering the flooring) but the pattern was very close to what she asked for and Bob begged Alice to accept it, offering her a $1,000 credit.
		Alice hired a new Architect in late May and he told her that the house was at least one month behind schedule, there were too few workers to keep from falling even further behind, and the flooring still had not been replaced.
		Bob stopped work on the house on June 2, notifying Alice that he would return only when he was paid $35,000 to cover the June 1 payment and the extra charge for the flooring.
	law.gsu.edu /pmilich/spring02/alice_prob.htm (737 words)

	Quantum Teleportation
		Bob uses this information to choose a unitary transformation which he performs on his component of the shared entangled state, thus transforming it into an output state identical to the original (unknown) input.
		EPR beam 1 propagates to Alice's sending station, where it is combined at a 50/50 beamsplitter with the unknown input state, in this case a coherent state of unknown complex amplitude.
		After receiving the classical result from Alice, Bob is able to construct the teleported state via a simple phase-space displacement of the EPR field 2.
	www.its.caltech.edu /~qoptics/teleport.html (532 words)

	CPSC 467b Lecture Notes, Week 12
		Alice and Bob are in the process of getting divorced and are trying to decide who gets custody of their pet cat, Fluffy.
		Alice verifies that it is her slip of paper, with her handwriting on it, that she prepared at the beginning.
		Alice and Bob both keep their key pairs private (until the end of the protocol, when they reveal them to each other to verify that there was no cheating).
	zoo.cs.yale.edu /classes/cs467/2005s/attach/ln_week12.html (4073 words)

	Montana State Bar Association (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Alice’s computer scans the e-mail to determine where it needs to be sent, and sends a copy to the next node in the general direction of Bob’s computer.
		Alice must have a public key for everyone she wants to send encrypted e-mail to, and everyone who wants to send e-mail to Alice must have her public key.
		Bob could put it on a disk and give it to Alice, or Bob could e-mail it to her.
	www.montanabar.org /montanalawyer/junejuly2001/secureemail.html (2941 words)

	Background on Quantum Key Distribution
		To remove this uncertainty, Alice uses another channel—in the NIST system this is a standard wireless Ethernet channel —to tell Bob which mode she used for each photon, but not its digital value.
		Bob ignores those instances for which he measured a photon in the wrong mode, and tells Alice which ones he measured correctly (but again, not their bit value) so she can also discard the ones Bob did not measure correctly.
		It is only the photons that arrive at Bob, and are measured in the correct mode, that contribute to the key shared by Alice and Bob.
	www.nist.gov /public_affairs/releases/quantumkeys_background.htm (855 words)

	AspEncrypt.com - Crypto 101: Public-Key Cryptography
		Alice generates a random symmetric key (usually called a session key), encrypts it with Bob's public key and sends it to Bob.
		Bob produces a one-way hash function of the document received from Alice, decrypts the signature with Alice's public key and compares the two values.
		Alice generates a random session key, encrypts it with "Bob"'s public key (which is really Mallory's) and sends it to Bob.
	www.aspencrypt.com /crypto101_public.html (912 words)

	[No title]
		Alice randomly permutes the nodes of G1 to produce a graph H that is isomorphic to G1.
		Bob asks Alice to either a) show him that H is isomorphic to G1 or b) show him that H is isomorphic to G2 (but not both) 4.
		Bob challenges her to either a) show him a Hamiltonian path in H or b) show him that H is isomorphic to G * This one is a bit unclear.
	www.cs.rochester.edu /~nelson/courses/cryptology/notes/lecture_17.txt (902 words)

	Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice (1969)
		Bob (Robert Culp) is a successful documentary filmmaker who, as the film opens, is heading, with his wife Carol (Natalie Wood), to the Eselen Institute to do research for an upcoming project.
		Alice is outright repulsed, to the point where she wants to cut off the friendship entirely.
		Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice is one of those classics that should be left as is, both to honor the people who made it and, of course, to laugh at the clothes.
	www.reel.com /movie.asp?MID=3624&buy=closed&PID=10115612&Tab=reviews&CID=18 (868 words)

	alice and bob -- andy wingo
		Later on, Alice wants to get the pictures made by both of them and put them in real time order, so she can see what is happening in the street from the two perspectives.
		Bob writes down his time when he gets the message, and then Alice writes down the time when she gets the message back.
		Alice sends a few messages, and can check whether the difference between her time and Bob’s time is increasing or decreasing, to see which clock is going fast.
	wingolog.org /archives/2005/11/22/alice-and-bob (665 words)

	Bob & Carol, Ted & Alice (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bob Sanders (Robert Culp) and his wife Carol (Natalie Wood) attend an "encounter group" weekend near their California home, ostensibly so that Bob, a documentary filmmaker, can determine whether or not the group would be a good subject for one of his films.
		Bob celebrates his newfound freedom and honesty by telling Carol that he had an affair during a business trip to San Francisco, and Carol reacts to the news not only with understanding, but with delight.
		Bob & Carol, Ted & Alice is a striking satire of the sexual mores of the 60s, and an even more biting satire of touchy-feely "new age-ism" that surged as the turbulent decade left a generation searching for some kind of meaning to their lives.
	www.classicsondvd.com /bobcaroltedalice.htm (638 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Carol thinks that reading Alice and Bob's personal accounts on their blogs is a kind of snooping, but being a caring parent can't resist using her new-found knowledge to check up on how Alice and Bob are doing.
		However, Alice is a big girl now, and he says that it's up to her to tell their parents or not.
		Alice and Bob did not advertise their blogs widely in the same way that their e-mail addresses.
	www.cc.gatech.edu /classes/AY2006/cs4001b_fall/Classes/blog.txt (625 words)

	Alice and Bob (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bob lifts his head from the puddle of stale beer it's resting in, gazes vaguely at the barman and pronounes, "That's 23 drinks at 237 pence each," before dropping his head back on the bar.
		Alice is dressed all in leather, with knee-high boots, a corset, and a whip, and she's also covered head to toe in tatoos.
		Alice and Bob walk into a bar, Bob says "Can I have a J.D., a G. 'n' T. and a packet of M & Ms please?" The barman says, "sorry mate, we don't serve those letters here" "What do you mean?" asks Bob.
	rogers.phy.bris.ac.uk /denzil/denweb4.html (1809 words)

	WWW:BTB -- WWW Security
		Bob has two keys: one public that is known by any other party that wants to communicate with Bob and one private that is known only to Bob.
		Bob generates two large numbers p and q and chooses a number e, prime with (p-1)(q-1) (in practice the value of e is 65337).
		Alice computes the SHA digest of the message and encrypts the digest with her private key.
	ei.cs.vt.edu /~wwwbtb/book/chap18/crypto.html (2099 words)

	Quantum Cryptography and Privacy Amplification
		Bob tells Alice which basis he used to measure each photon, and Alice tells him whether or not it was the correct one.
		Alice and Bob must share a small secret key to begin with which they use to implement a secure authentication scheme.
		Alice and Bob can use the beam intensity m and the bit error rate to calculate the expected fraction of S that Eve has learned.
	www.ai.sri.com /~goldwate/quantum.html (3345 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The combined pulses interfere, and the result of the interference is detected in one of two detectors, depending on the respective phases imparted to pulses P1 and P2 by Alice and Bob, respectively.
		After a sufficiently large number of qubits are exchanged between Bob and Alice, Bob and Alice publicly compare the basis used to encode each photon, and also discard photons that did not arrive at Bob or Alice.
		Alice and Bob then choose at random some of the qubits in the sifted key to test for errors that reveal the presence of an eavesdropper.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=04/73234.040826&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4966 words)

	alicebob
		And from the number of times Alice tries to buy stock from him we infer she is probably a speculator.
		Alice is also concerned that her financial dealings with Bob are not brought to the attention of her husband.
		Alice uses this to explain to Bob that her husband Michael is getting suspicious of her stock option dealing.
	www.johngordonsweb.co.uk /concept/alicebob.html (1739 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Alice and Bob have been used to illustrate all sorts of protocols and bits of coding theory in scientific papers.
		Bob is often selling securities to speculators so we can be pretty sure he's a stockbroker.
		This is a pity since Bob and Alice are always plotting tax frauds and overthrowing the government.
	web.mit.edu /jemorris/humor/alice-and-bob (609 words)

	Thwarting Post-Quantum Spies
		However, if Bob has tilted his measuring device so that "up" corresponds to 2 on a clock dial and "down" corresponds to 8, then the chances are 75 percent that Bob will find his pointing "up" and 25 percent that he will find it pointing "down," according to the strange rules of quantum mechanics.
		Alice and Bob do not reveal the results of their measurements for these pairs.
		However, Alice and Bob can still thwart Eve by sticking to the scheme and checking their correlations against standard predictions.
	focus.aps.org /story/v15/st22 (759 words)

	[No title]
		Since Bob has no way of guessing a with a probability of success greater than ½ and Alice has no way of changing the value of a once she has sent it to Bob pc* = ½ and p*c = ½ for c ({0,1}.
		Let (ia,j and (ib,j be the density matrix of Alice and Bob for the part of (ij>.Let Fia, (Fib) be the fidelity between (ia,0 and (ia,1 ((ib,0 and (ib,1).
		This can be done because Alice can distinguish between (i0> + (i1> much better than Bob and then transform his side of the system by applying a measurement to distinguish between (i0>, (i1> and then apply a local unitary transformation to map the measured state to the desired state.
	www.cse.iitb.ac.in /~abhinavb/Seminar_rep.doc (1941 words)

	The Laws of Cryptography: Public Key Distribution Systems
		Alice and Bob must be able to create ``puzzles'' that are hard but not impossible to solve.
		In this case Alice and Bob must be able to describe shared experiences or to communicate shared information to one another to be sure they are not communicating with a stranger (Boris).
		Alice and Bob still want to communicate securely, without having set it up ahead of time, but they would like a simpler and more mathematical system.
	www.cs.utsa.edu /~wagner/laws/public_dist.html (1148 words)

	[No title]
		Now Bob recomputes what a should have been given the message m, and compares it to the actual a he received.
		Since it is already difficult for Alice and Bob to communicate given that they have to exchange these keys securely.
		Imagine what would happen if Alice and Bob has 20 friends who each wanted to have conversations with each other securely.
	www.wiu.edu /mike/fall2k3/CS395_Lectures/lecture4.html (301 words)

	Cory Doctorow: Microsoft Research DRM talk
		And with dual-key crypto it becomes a lot easier for Alice and Bob to keep their keys secret from Carol, even if they've never met.
		So long as Alice and Bob can keep their keys secret, they can assume that Carol won't gain access to their cleartext messages, even though she has access to the cipher and the ciphertext.
		Bob will only buy Pirates of the Caribbean if he can descramble the CSS-encrypted VOB -- video object -- on his DVD player.
	www.dashes.com /anil/stuff/doctorow-drm-ms.html (6863 words)

	The Alice and Bob After Dinner Speech
		And from the number of times Alice tries to buy stock from him we infer she is probably a speculator.
		Alice is also concerned that her financial dealings with Bob are not brought to the attention of her husband.
		Alice uses this to explain to Bob that her husband Michael is getting suspicious of her stock option dealing.
	downlode.org /etext/alicebob.html (2803 words)

	Cryptography: July 14
		Alice and Bob agree on a key in private.
		Alice and Bob agree on the mapping as their key.
		Say Alice and Bob agree to a series of random numbers between 0 and 26.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~cburch/pgss98/lectures/0714-crypt.html (584 words)

	E-mail - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alice composes a message using her mail user agent (MUA).
		Alice or Bob may use a client connected to a corporate e-mail system, such as IBM's Lotus Notes or Microsoft's Exchange.
		Alice may not have a MUA on her computer but instead may connect to a webmail service.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/electronic_mail (2840 words)

	Laser Focus World - Alice and Bob grow apart
		Here, to send the key, the sender and receiver (usually known as Alice and Bob) agree in advance on a basis that consists of particular nonorthogonal polarizations corresponding to logical 1 and 0.
		Bob only receives (on average) one in four bits from Alice: half are lost because he is looking for the wrong thing, and the other half lost due to superposition of polarization states (there are two possibilities, but Bob can only look for one).
		In addition, because of superposition of states, Alice does not know for sure what will happen when her photon goes through the filter she chose: she has an expectation, but only a 50% chance that it will be met.
	lfw.pennnet.com /Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Article_ID=142821 (815 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Alice and Bob want to communicate securely, but Eve is evesdropping on the line....what can Alice and Bob do?
		If we can secure Alice's communication to Bob then we can use the same method for securing Bob's communication to Alice, so let's focus on Alice.
		When Alice sends a message to Bob, she first encrypts it using her secret Key, this is written as E(K
	www.wiu.edu /mike/fall2k3/CS395_Lectures/lecture3.html (247 words)

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