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Topic: Aliquot stringing

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	Aliquot stringing -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Aliquot stringing is the use of extra unstruck strings in the (A stringed instrument that is played by depressing keys that cause hammers to strike tuned strings and produce sounds) piano for the purpose of enriching the tone.
		Confusingly, the portions of the strings used in duplex scaling are sometimes called the "aliquot strings," and the contact points used in duplex scaling are called aliquots.
		In (A science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement) mathematics "aliquot" means "an exact part or divisor", reflecting the fact that the length of an aliquot string forms an exact division of the length of longer strings with which it vibrates sympathetically.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Al/Aliquot_stringing.htm (455 words)

	Innovations in the piano - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Since the strings do not need to bear down heavily on the bridges (a force of 600 to 1200 pounds = 2.7 to 5.4 kN in conventional pianos), bridge agraffes may also help preserve the crucial upward curve, or "crown," in the soundboard.
		The fourth string is actually struck, and is not an aliquot string as in Blüthner pianos.
		Thus, small variations in casting were liable to produce imperfections in the length of the duplex string lengths.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Innovations_in_the_piano (1418 words)

	Encyclopedia: Piano
		A tangent mechanism, when referred to in a tangent piano, strikes the string and remains in contact with that string to set the pitch at which it vibrates, unlike the hammer of the modern pianoforte which is padded and is designed to rebound off of the string it strikes.
		Sympathetic strings are strings on musical instruments which begin resonating, not due to any external influence such as picking or bowing, but due to another note (or frequency).
		String piano is a term coined by American composer-theorist Henry Cowell to collectively describe those pianistic techniques in which sound is produced by direct manipulation of the strings, rather than by striking of the pianos keys.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Piano (8376 words)

	Aliquot stringing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Aliquot stringing is the use of extra unstruck strings in the piano for the purpose of enriching the tone.
		As currently implemented, the Blüthner aliquot stringing system uses a fourth aliquot string in each note of the top two octaves.
		In mathematics "aliquot" means "an exact part or divisor", reflecting the fact that the length of an aliquot string forms an exact division of the length of longer strings with which it vibrates sympathetically.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/A/Aliquot-stringing.htm (459 words)

	Read about Piano at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Piano and learn about Piano here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		1872, permits the parts of the string near its ends, which otherwise would be damped with cloth, to vibrate freely, thus increasing resonance and adding to the richness of the sound.
		strings not struck vibrate sympathetically with the struck strings.
		On some models these extra keys are hidden under a small hinged lid, which can be flipped down to cover the keys and avoid visual disorientation in a pianist unfamiliar with the extended keyboard; on others, the colours of the extra keys are reversed (fl instead of white and vice versa) for the same reason.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Piano (3929 words)

	Piano (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Aliquot stringing, whichserves a similar purpose in Blüthner pianos, was invented by Julius Blüthner in 1873.
		Piano strings, which must endure years of extreme tension and hard blows, are made of high quality steel.They are manufactured to vary as little as possible in diameter, since all deviations from uniformity introduce tonal distortion.The bass strings of a piano are made of a steel core wrapped with copper wire, to increase their flexibility.
		Since the strings are attached to the plate at one end, any vibrations transmitted to the plate will result inloss of energy to the desired (efficient) channel of sound transmission, namely the bridge and the soundboard.
	www.therfcc.org /piano-200.html (2752 words)

	piano (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Piano is a common abbreviation for pianoforte, a large musical instrument with a keyboard (see keyboard instrument).
		The word pianoforte is from the Italian for soft-loud, referring to the ability of the piano to play notes at different volumes depending on how hard its keys are pressed.
		It is considered harder to produce a sensitive piano action when the hammers move sideways, rather than upward against gravity; however, the very best upright pianos now approach the level of grand pianos of the same size in tone quality and responsiveness.
	yourencyclopedia.net /piano.html (4195 words)

	piano design question
		Each = string in the piano is made up of three basic, or working, segments.
		And, similarly, the distance between the V-bar and/or agraffe = and the front bearing bar, again in whatever form it may be, as the = frontscale.
		The claim has been made that = with the (now common) practice of having two strings of potentially = different tensions sharing one hitchpin can result in the wire sliding = around the pins causing the piano to go out of tune as the tension = differential is equalized.
	www.ptg.org /pipermail/pianotech/2003-June/137331.html (570 words)

	Sympathetic strings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		The effect is most often heard when the fundamental frequency of the string is in unison or an octave lower or higher than the catalyst note, although it can occur for other intervals such as a fifth with less effect.
		Some have resonating strings added which exist solely to provide the effect and are not played at all.
		Other instruments such as the piano do not have additional strings, but make use of the effect by allowing their regular strings to vibrate sympathetically when they are not being played directly, particularly when the Damper pedal is used.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Sympathetic-strings.htm (233 words)

	Aliquot stringing
		Whenever the hammer strikes the three non-aliquot strings, the aliquot string vibrates sympathetically, adding to the richness of the tone.
		The noted piano authority Larry Fine says of Blüthner pianos "the sustain is good, but at a low level of volume, giving the tone a refined, delicate character." On the other hand, the Blüthner company claims that the effect of aliquot stringing is apparent only in loud playing.
		A figure from the Blüthner company showing how the aliquot string is arranged
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/aliquot_stringing (454 words)

	Antique Pianos and Unique Art Case Pianos from Period Piano Company - Full Stock List
		Mahogany with Kingwood inlay banding and brass inlay stringing.
		Exceptional Kingwood parquetry veneered with Satinwood banding, Ebony and Boxwood inlay stringing, Walnut inlay marquetry in Louis XVI style.
		Mahogany with Ebony inlay stringing, 3 drawers and fine brass decorative mounts to case.
	www.periodpiano.com /Stock/full_list.htm (413 words)

	Was Voicing M&H BB/ Now tuned duplexes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		You will note > that these intervals correspond to the sequence of partials, which is exactly > what they were designed to do by helmholtz and Steinway.
		It is debatable that Helmholtz had anything to do with the design of the tuned duplex (or aliquot) stringing of the Steinway grand.
		While it is sometimes claimed that Steinway and Helmholtz corresponded on this, none of this correspondence -- if it ever existed -- seems to have survived.
	www.ptg.org /pipermail/pianotech/2001-November/096456.html (151 words)

	Bluthner Grand Piano For Sale, Toronto - Piano Classifieds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		(about the top 2 octaves) has four strings instead of three, the extra string being raised slightly above the others and not struck by the hammer.
		The effect is that of sympathetically vibrating strings adding tone colour and brilliance to the treble.
		This is truly a pianist's piano - a magnificent instrument.
	www.concertpitchpiano.com /PianosForSaleClients_Der_Bluthner.html (217 words)

	Piano - Gurupedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		One of these builders was Gottfried Silbermann, better known as an
		The iron frame was invented in 1825 in
		The modern concert grand achieved essentially its present form around the beginning of the
	www.gurupedia.com /p/pi/piano.htm (4205 words)

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