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	ARCHITECTURE VIEW; An Architect Who Rethought The Modern City - New York Times
		With her husband, Peter Smithson, she was instrumental in redefining the architect's role in the shaping of the public realm.
		Smithson recognized that though the modern movement had produced fine buildings, it had foundered on the scale of urban design.
		Smithson's description of the group's ethic remains a useful model for architects who hope to pierce the factional barriers that divide them.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE7D6133BF934A35752C1A965958260&sec=&pagewanted=print (1062 words)

	Alison and Peter Smithson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		English architects Alison Smithson (1928-1993) and Peter Smithson (18 September 1923-3 March 2003) together formed an architectural partnership, and are often associated with the Brutalist style.
		Peter was born in Stockton-on-Tees in north-east England, and Alison was born in Sheffield, South Yorkshire.
		With the exception of their work at Bath, they designed no further public buildings in Britain, relying instead mainly on private overseas commissions, Peter Smithson’s writing and teaching, (he was a visiting professor at Bath from 1978 to 1990, and also a unit master at the Architectural Association School of Architecture).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alison_Smithson (294 words)

	From Here To Modernity Architects - Peter & Alison Smithson
		Alison and Peter Smithson formed the most formidable British architectural partnership of the mid-twentieth century.
		But even before it was completed, the Smithsons were already expressing serious doubts at the Modernist orthodoxy, particularly in the crucial field of urban planning where CIAM's 1933 Athen's Charter (written by Le Corbusier) remained dominant.
		The Smithsons themselves built Robin Hood Gardens in 1972, but by then the wider deficiencies of Modernism, first noted by the couple twenty years previously, were becoming apparent to the general public as well.
	www.open2.net /modernity/4_7.htm (633 words)

	Alison + Peter Smithson / Architects (1928-1993 + 1923-2003) - Design/Designer Information
		Those ideals were articulated at a CIAM conference in 1953 when Alison and Peter attacked the decades-old dogma propounded by Le Corbusier and Walter Gropius that cities should be zoned into specific areas for living, working, leisure and transport and that urban housing should consist of tall, widely spaced towers.
		The Smithsons’ ideal city combined different activities within the same areas and they envisaged modern housing being built as “streets in the sky” to encourage the residents to feel a sense of “belonging” and “neighbourliness”.
		Designed, predominantly by Alison, to be a plastic structure which could be mass-produced in its entirety, rather than in parts, the house included then-innovative futuristic features, such as a self-cleaning bath, easy-to-clean corners and remote controls for the television and lighting.
	www.designmuseum.org /design/alison-peter-smithson (1776 words)

	Peter and Alison Smithson - Great Buildings Online
		Peter Smithson was born in Stockton-on-Tees, England in 1923.
		Allison Smithson was born in Sheffield, England in 1928.
		In 1956, as members of the Independent Group, the Smithsons contributed to the This is Tomorrow exhibition which was revised in 1990 for an ICA (Institute of Contemporary Arts) travelling exhibition on their work.
	www.greatbuildings.com /architects/Peter_and_Alison_Smithson.html (246 words)

	Frances Loeb Library: Bibliographies for the GSD Public Lecture Series
		Includes the Festival of Britain in 1951 on architecture, influence of Alison and Peter Smithson, and the This is Tomorrow exhibition of 1956.
		Note:The architects Alison and Peter Smithson publish their design and plans for the British Embassy in Brasília, commissioned in 1964 but unbuilt as the commission was terminated in 1968.
		Smithson on his Tecta Mobel factory structure, Lavenforde, Germany and Valle on Giudecca, Venice and Montecity in Milan.
	www.gsd.harvard.edu /loeb_library/bibliographies/smithson.html (1651 words)

	Smithson, Peter Denham -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		March 3, 2003, London, Eng.), with his wife, Alison, was among the foremost proponents of the New Brutalism style of architecture, which stressed a new respect for the functionality of materials.
		Smithson met fellow architecture student Alison Gill at the University of Durham; they were married in 1949.
		Smithson met fellow architecture student Alison Gill at the University of Durham; they were married in...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9396168?tocId=9396168 (742 words)

	Alison and Peter Smithson. The Charged Void. Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alison and Peter Smithson, founders of Team X and authors of the classic Team X Primer, are among the most influential architects of the postwar decades.
		The British architects Alison and Peter Smithson have together produced one of the most significant and influential bodies of work of the second half of the 20th century.
		Alison Smithson died in 1993, during the compilation of this volume.
	www.booklounge.com /books/architecture/alison-and-peter-smithson-the-charged-void-architecture (316 words)

	Robert Smithson
		SMITHSON: Well, Rome is like a big scrap heap of antiquities, America doesn't have that kind of historical background of debris.
		SMITHSON: Yes, I mean they said it would take something like 30 years and they'd have to get the dirt from another mountain.
		SMITHSON: Well, it seems that in a city like New York where everything is concrete here's this craving to stick up a tree somewhere.
	www.robertsmithson.com /essays/entropy.htm (2867 words)

	The Observer \| Magazine \| Down to earth
		But as the obituaries revealed when Peter Smithson (born 1923) died this year - Alison (born 1928) died in 1993 - their work is still controversial, depending where you stand on brutalism.
		It is a wonderful illustration of the Smithsons' 'as found' theory, where instead of the earlier modernist pursuit of gleaming newness, the architects reuse and reinvent the existing.
		The pavilion was a focus of the Smithsons' family life for 20 years, extensively documented in their photographs and publications, including a cultish book, AS in DS, describing journeys in their Citroen DS.
	observer.guardian.co.uk /magazine/story/0,11913,1094699,00.html (1293 words)

	Obituary: Peter Smithson Independent, The (London) - Find Articles
		Smithson was born in Stockton-on-Tees in 1923 and attended the local grammar school.
		Smithson cut a particularly dashing figure in those days, driving over the rough ground of the unfinished landscape in his Willys Jeep accompanied by Alison and their close colleagues the sculptor Eduardo Paolozzi and the photographer Nigel Henderson.
		Besides their lifelong penchant for evocative imagery, often accompanied by somewhat unusual analogies, the Smithsons in the early 1950s were on the cutting edge of late modern architecture.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030320/ai_n12680640 (792 words)

	Witte de With - Participant - Alison and Peter Smithson
		Alison Margaret Gill (1928-1993) and Peter Denham Smithson (1923-2003) met at the Architecture School of the University of Durham in Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
		During the 1950s the practice of the Smithsons was mostly limited to writing and participating in competitions.
		From the mid-1980s, Alison and Peter Smithson were given the opportunity to continuously realize smaller and larger building projects at both the factory and Bruchhäuser's own house.
	www.wdw.nl /participant.php?part_id=169&id=34 (823 words)

	The Twentieth Century Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Smithsons’ weekend home in Wiltshire belongs to that species in more than one sense, because not only did they build their ideas as concretely as possible, they also built themselves a private place for retreat and reflection.
		To this end the Smithsons acquired part of a farmstead in Wiltshire that consisted of a large walled yard with a labourer’s cottage built into the northern wall.
		Alison Smithson, together with Enric Miralles, published these reflections in the poetic compilation Upper Lawn: Solar Pavilion Folly, during the time she was teaching in Barcelona (1985-86).
	www.c20society.org.uk /docs/building/solar_pavilion.html (695 words)

	Books Art & Photography - Architects, A-Z: Peter Smithson: Conversations With Students (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		When Peter Smithson died in March 2003, architecture lost one of its most inspired practitioners, incisive theorists, and charismatic teachers.
		Along with his late wife and partner, Alison, Smithson emerged in the postwar era as Britain's preeminent advocate of architectural modernism.
		The Smithson's achieved cult-figure status in the architectural world, particularly among students who admired the power of their ideas and work.
	www.tocant.com /Architects--A-Z/Peter-Smithson:-Conversations-With-Students.html (165 words)

	The Charged Void: Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alison and Peter Smithson, founders of Team X and authors of the classic Team X Primer, are among the most influential architects of the postwar decades.
		As the social ideals of earlier times become an integral part of the reassessment of the built environment of recent years, the Smithsons continue to gain in significance.
		Alison Smithson died in 1993, and Peter Smithson died in 2003, two years after the publication of The Charged Void: Architecture.
	www.monacellipress.com /books/TheChargedVoidArchitecture.shtml (200 words)

	Peter Smithson, 1923 – 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Smithson and his wife and life-long collaborator, architect Alison Smithson, who died in 1993, influenced generations of practitioners and academics worldwide with their tenacious advancement of modernism's social program.
		Beyond their built work, the Smithsons played a pivotal role in postwar theoretical circles, forging a new alternative to the towers-in-the-sky orthodoxy of the International Style.
		While the Smithsons railed against their forebearers, they experienced a backlash of their own when their Robin Hood Gardens, a 1972 concrete housing project in London, proved a bleak reality.
	www.architecturemag.com /architecture/headlines/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1855128 (232 words)

	Encyclopedia: Peter and Alison Smithson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Brutalism is an architectural style that spawned from the Modernist architectural movement and which flourished from the 1950s to the 1970s.
		Hunstanton is a large seaside town in Norfolk, England, facing The Wash....
		It was founded by a group of dissatisfied young architects in 1847 to provide a self-directed, independent education at a time when there ws no formal training available.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Peter-and-Alison-Smithson (872 words)

	Lurie, Alison -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Norman Mailer's The Naked and the Dead (1948) and Irwin Shaw's The Young Lions (1948) were realistic war novels, though Mailer's book was also a novel of ideas, exploring fascist thinking and an obsession with power as elements of the military mind.
		Bluegrass fiddler Alison Krauss, who appeared at the 2004 Academy Award ceremonies wearing a $2 million pair of diamond-encrusted stiletto heels to sing songs from the film Cold Mountain, was clearly not a traditional bluegrass musician.
		U.S. nuclear energy official, born William Alison Anders in Hong Kong; NASA astronaut 1963–69; executive secretary National Aeronautics and Space Council 1969–73; on Atomic Energy Commission 1973–75; chairman Nuclear Regulatory Commission 1975–76; former ambassador to Norway.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9097785?tocId=9097785 (609 words)

	Universal versus individual 30 august - 1 september 2002
		Alison Smithson included this perspective drawing in the Team 10 Primer with a caption that made reference to the Le Corbusian “dream” of rationalist projects.
		At CIAM 10, the most literal interpretation of the move towards acknowledging the individual was made by Alison and Peter Smithson, in the series of five projects that they presented at the CIAM 10 congress (1956).
		Peter recounted that in its preparation Alison “controlled everything” and in order not to “confuse the line she was trying to construct,” suppressed certain texts and pictures.
	www.alvaraalto.fi /conferences/universal/finalpapers/anniepedret.htm (2363 words)

	Amazon.fr : The Charged Void: Urbanism: Livres en anglais: Alison Smithson,Peter Smithson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		More than a collection of work, The Charged Void: Urbanism represents a record of a focused thought process concerned with the qualities of urban life--a thoughtful and witty collection of observations, decipherings, and reccomendations for understanding and improving the complex nature of the city.
		Alison and Peter Smithson produced one of the most significant and influential bodies of work of the twentieth century.
		Alison Smithson died in 1993, and Peter Smithson in 2003, two years after the publication of The Charged Void: Architecture.
	www.amazon.fr /Charged-Void-Urbanism-Alison-Smithson/dp/1580931308 (349 words)

	Alison Smithson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		English architect AlisonSmithson (1928 - 1993) formed an architecturalpartnership with her husband Peter, and is often associated with the Brutalist style.
		While studying architecture at Durham University (1939-1942), she met Smithson, who shemarried in 1949.
		With the exception of their work at Bath, they designed no further public buildings in Britain, relying instead mainly on privateoverseas commissions, and Peter Smithson’s writing and teaching (he was a visiting professor at Bath from 1978 to1990).
	www.therfcc.org /alison-smithson-122923.html (224 words)

	Alison
		Alison is a Norman French form of a Germanic name, Adalheidis, meaning “Noble and Kind” from “athel” (noble) and “haidu” (kind).
		It did not die out, however, in Scotland and the North of England, from where it was revived in the 20th century.
		It’s use as a male name comes from the surname Alison, from the original female name.
	www.geocities.com /edgarbook/names/al/alison.html (115 words)

	Archinect : Books : The Charged Void: Architecture
		As the social ideals of earlier times became an integral part of the reassessment of the built environment of recent years, the Smithsons continue to gain in significance.
		Prepared by the architects themselves, The Charged Void: Architecture will be followed by a volume of their urban projects and a collection of their later writings.
		Introductions to groups of projects highlight the Smithsonsí ongoing areas of inquiry; each project is accompanied by an original text, photographs, drawings, plans, and other illustrations.
	www.archinect.com /books/detail.php?id=536_0_25_0_M28 (279 words)

	Alison Smithson Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
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	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Alison_Smithson (453 words)

	Home Page
		Alison was presented with her award at a special ceremony at London's Ritz Hotel and was also presented with a cheque for £2500 in recognition of her efforts
		Anne was given a new donor heart and lungs whilst her own healthy heart was given to Alison.
		Alison is also the only British woman to swim the English Channel both ways which she did in 1983, just before her nineteenth birthday.
	web.ukonline.co.uk /m.gratton/Names/Alison.htm (883 words)

	parole!
		In Italian and French; summaries in English,German, and Spanish.Cladding: offices: Alison and Peter Smithson.IN: Architects\' journal 1989 Sept.6, v.190, no.10, p.65-67.Notes: Exterior cladding on the Economist Tower, London.
		Includes the Festival of Britain in 1951 on architecture, influence of Alison and Peter Smithson, and the This is Tomorrow exhibition of 1956.Dal Team X al Team x = From Team X to Team x / Mirko Zardini.IN: Lotus international 1997, n.95, p.[76]-97.Notes: In Italian and English.
		Urban form studies for the old city of Kuwait (1968-1975), by Alison and Peter Smithson.Millbank competition: Reflections on the state of British architecture.IN: Architectural design 1977, v.47, no.7-8, p.497-544.
	parole.aporee.org /work/hier.php3?spec_id=7025&words_id=200 (441 words)

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