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Topic: Alkalawa

	Amana Online
		After the reverses at Alkalawa and Tsuntsuwa, however, they may well have decided, like the Tuaregs, that the reformers were not after all capable of winning the war and were therefore no longer worth backing.
		At any rate, their own forces were scattered and one detachment, which was laying siege to Augi right in the path of the approaching army, had to beat a hasty retreat on Gwandu 23.
		By the autumn of 1808, however, it was apparent that Alkalawa was ripe for the plucking.
	www.amanaonline.com /Sokoto/sokoto_5.htm (5591 words)

	Alkalawa Information
		Alkalawa was the capital of the Hausa city-state of Gobir, in what is now northern Nigeria.
		In the early nineteenth century, Fulani jihadist Usman dan Fodio's forces repeatedly besieged Yunfa, Gobir's ruler, at Alkalawa.
		The city fell in October of 1808, marking the end of resistance to Muslim rule in the region.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Alkalawa (61 words)

	Salaam Knowledge
		Following the example of the prophet Muhammad, Usman went on a hijrah (spiritual migration), was elected imam (leader) of the reformist Muslims, and launched the jihad (holy war) that would bring down the Hausa royalty.
		In the conquered areas, Usman set up emirates whose leaders acknowledged his religious sovereignty, and in October 1808 the Gobir capital, Alkalawa, fell.
		In former Gobir, Usman established a new capital, Sokoto, from which he ruled virtually all of Hausaland.
	www.salaam.co.uk /knowledge/biography/viewentry.php?id=1807 (350 words)

	[No title]
		It embodies some modifications, both [FIGURE 1 GOES ABOUT HERE] as to city names and as to locations, by comparison to Chandler's maps (1987:60-68) and lists, as follows: Alkalawa.
		(Adamu, 1984:276-277) AD 1800 Katsina 70,000 Alkalawa 50,000 Zaria 40,000 Kebbi 30,000 Kano 30,000 Kiawa none none Hausaland in the 14th century.
		Kano subjugated its hinterland and destroyed its rival city Santolo in the late 14th century.
	www.etext.org /Politics/World.Systems/papers/wilkinson_david/spatio-temporal_boundaries_african_civilizations (16119 words)

	Gwandu -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Muhammad Bello, his son and successor (1817), began construction of the town's walls in 1806.
		After the Fulani victory over the Gobirawa at Alkalawa in 1808, Usman split his vast empire, which then extended over most of what is now northern and central Nigeria, into two spheres of influence.
		He made his brother Abdullahi dan Fodio emir of Gwandu and overlord of the western and southern emirates (1809) and placed Bello in charge of the eastern emirates.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article?tocId=9038629 (693 words)

	Weekly Trust - Short 'N' Sharp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Buhari can save Nigeria from insecurity, tribalism, corruption, political and religious crises; and lift Nigeria up among the countries of African continent and the world in general.
		Moh’d Sani, Alkalawa Quarters, Daura, c/o Habib Hamisu Umar, Ung.
		Ibrahim Ayagi said about ACF in his piece which appeared in Daily Trust (Wednesday 07-8-2002) were outright lies and an insult on every patriotic Northerners.
	www.weeklytrust.com /short11102002.htm (559 words)

	THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN NIGERIA
		This left for the sheikh and his Jama’a no friends in the ruling elites and by February 1804 he was forced into exile after much plunder and murder of his followers by then Gobir King Yunfa.
		The ultimate break snowballed into open confrontation, hence the battles of Tabkin Kwato, Alwasa all through the fall of Alkalawa the capital of Gobir.
		Events followed in rapid succession as the revolution got exported to the neighbouring states/kingdoms.
	www.islamicmovement.org /articles/commemorate.htm (688 words)

	Africa and Europeans 1800-1875 by Sanderson Beck
		Usman met with Bawa at age thirty and then moved from the Zamfara region to Degel in western Gobir, where his growing community became independent of the Alkalawa government.
		Those supporting Shaykh Usman were driven out of Alkalawa and villages.
		Fulani Muslims combined with those from Zumfara and Katsina, and on their fourth attempt they captured Alkalawa and killed Yunfa in 1808.
	www.san.beck.org /1-14-Africa1800-1875.html (23365 words)

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