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Topic: Alkaliphile

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	Alkaliphile - TheBestLinks.com - Hydrogen, PH, Alkaline, Hydronium, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Alkaliphile - TheBestLinks.com - Hydrogen, PH, Alkaline, Hydronium,...
		Alkaliphiles live in alkaline environments like soda lakes, or alkaline soil.
		The alkaliphiles keep an alkaline level of about 9 pH inside the cells, but the environment has a higher level of alkalinity.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Alkaliphile.html (136 words)

	Alkaliphiles: Some Applications of Their Products for Biotechnology -- Horikoshi 63 (4): 735 -- Microbiology and ...
		Alkaliphilic microorganisms grow vigorously at pH 9 to 11 and require Na for growth (116).
		alkaline protease from a thermophilic alkaliphile, Bacillus sp.
		The intracellular pH of Clostridium paradoxum, an anaerobic, alkaliphilic, and thermophilic bacterium.
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/63/4/735 (6993 words)

	Extremophiles Bioprospecting for antimicrobials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		As an example, alkaline proteases, derived from alkaliphilic species, constitute an important group of enzymes that find applications primarily as protein-degrading additives in detergents.
		Given the robust nature of alkaliphiles, these enzymes can be subjected to harsh environments, including elevated temperature, high pH, surfactants, bleach chemicals, and chelating agents, where applications of many other enzymes are limited because of their low activity or stability.
		In the case of alkaliphiles – although many compounds have been screened – many of the antibiotic compounds have proved to be unstable during cultivation (Horikoshi, 1999).
	www.mediscover.net /Extremophiles.cfm (4451 words)

	Mutational Loss of a K+ and NH4+ Transporter Affects the Growth and Endospore Formation of Alkaliphilic Bacillus ...
		Ammonium uptake by RSO vesicles from wild-type and mutant alkaliphile strains.
		The role of the nhaC-encoded Na antiporter of alkaliphilic Bacillus firmus OF4.
		Sequence analysis and functional studies of a chromosomal region of alkaliphilic Bacillus firmus OF4 encoding an ABC-type transporter with similarity of sequence and Na exclusion capacity to the Bacillus subtilis NatAB transporter.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/185/17/5133 (8353 words)

	Alkaliphile Collection - Advanced (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This review article summarizes the current status of the biodiversity of alkaliphilic microorganisms in various environments and outlines aspects of their...
		This journal article reports the isolation of a novel, obligately anaerobic, alkaliphilic, thermophilic, halotolerant, chemo-organotrophic bacterium from the...
		This is a survey reporting the phylogenetic diversity of Mono Lake bacteria as conducted by the Mono Lake Microbial Observatory.
	serc.carleton.edu /microbelife/extreme/alkaliphiles/advanced_collection.html (210 words)

	How To Be Completely Comfortable at Extreme pH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Alkaliphiles are known to utilize a Na antiporter that uses a strong outward Na+ gradient to pump in protons (Horikoshi and Akiba 1982).
		The proton concentration is not shown because both acidophile and alkaliphile antiporters are shown.
		Although not proven, it has been suggested that alkaliphiles may use an alternate ATP synthase protein to take advantage of the significantly smaller proton motive force.
	www.public.asu.edu /~bdegreg/extremepH/active.html (592 words)

	Bacillus krulwichiae sp. nov., a halotolerant obligate alkaliphile that utilizes benzoate and m-hydroxybenzoate -- ...
		All these alkaliphiles were grown at pH 10 and Bacillus subtilis was grown at neutral pH.
		Aono, R. Assignment of facultative alkaliphilic Bacillus sp.
		Takami, H. and Horikoshi, K. Reidentification of facultatively alkaliphilic Bacillus sp.
	ijs.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/5/1531 (1987 words)

	Characterization of a P-type Na+-ATPase of a Facultatively Anaerobic Alkaliphile, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum -- Ueno ...
		Characterization of a P-type Na+-ATPase of a Facultatively Anaerobic Alkaliphile, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum -- Ueno et al.
		Characterization of a P-type Na -ATPase of a Facultatively Anaerobic Alkaliphile, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum
		A facultatively anaerobic alkaliphile, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum, possesses a P-type Na
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/275/19/14537 (1986 words)

	Krulwich Laboratory - Department of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry - Mount Sinai School of Medicine
		The work on alkaliphile ATP synthesis has now shown that special adaptations of the ATP synthase are part of the underpinnings of the alkaliphile's ability to synthesize ATP robustly at pH values up to 11, when the putative driving force — a bulk electrochemical proton gradient — is low.
		The studies of cytoplasmic pH regulation focus on the Mrp antiporter system that is critical for the alkaliphile's remarkable ability to maintain a cytoplasmic pH that is over two pH units lower than external pH values up to 11, even though the alkaliphile's respiratory chain effluxes protons during growth.
		We are also investigating the mechanism whereby the voltage-gated Na channel, Na BP contributes to cytoplasmic pH homeostasis as well as to motility-based behaviors in the alkaliphile.
	www.mssm.edu /labs/krulwich/research.shtml (531 words)

	Alkalibacterium Ntougias and Russell 2001, gen
		nov., a new obligately alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from edible-olive wash-waters.
		nov., an obligate alkaliphile that reduces an indigo dye.
		nov., a psychrotolerant obligate alkaliphile that reduces an indigo dye.
	www.bacterio.cict.fr /a/alkalibacterium.html (240 words)

	Title of Invention: Sodium ion binding proteins
		It encodes a membrane protein whose deduced amino acid sequence is consistent with at least ten transmembrane regions and which markedly enhances the Na.sup.+ /H.sup.+ antiport activity of membranes from E. coli NM81; this mutant strain carries a deletion in one of the E. coli antiporter genes (nhaA).
		The alkaliphilic B. firmus sequence can be used to design degenerate or fully degenerate oligonucleotide probes which can be used to screen genomic libraries derived from appropriate bacterial which express NhaS.
		The cloned DNA fragment from alkaliphilic B. firmus OF4 that was the starting point for this investigation was in pGJX5 is a derivative of pM4.10, which had been selected from a library of MboI-digested B. firmus OF4 DNA.
	www.nal.usda.gov /bic/Biotech_Patents/1994patents/05346815.html (8711 words)

	Alkaliphiles: Some Applications of Their Products for Biotechnology -- Horikoshi 63 (4): 735 -- Microbiology and ...
		The term "alkaliphile" is used for microorganisms that grow optimally or very well at pH values above 9 but cannot grow or
		Takami, H., Han, C.-G., Takaki, Y., Ohtsubo, E. Identification and Distribution of New Insertion Sequences in the Genome of Alkaliphilic Bacillus halodurans C-125.
		Gilmour, R., Messner, P., Guffanti, A. A., Kent, R., Scheberl, A., Kendrick, N., Krulwich, T. Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Analyses of pH-Dependent Protein Expression in Facultatively Alkaliphilic Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4 Lead to Characterization of an S-Layer Protein with a Role in Alkaliphily.
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/63/4/735 (644 words)

	[No title]
		Alkaliphiles are microorganisms that are also found in environments of excessive pH, however, the pH level in which they thrive is basic.
		Ý Obligate alkaliphiles are incapable of growth at a neutral pH and have the optimal growth at pH around 9.5.
		Ý There must be a distinction made between a microorganism that is an alkaliphile and one that is alkalotolerant.
	www.dac.neu.edu /biology/k.bergman/WebsiteBarney/tracytwo/tracytwo.htm (926 words)

	Department of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry - Mount Sinai School of Medicine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The work on alkaliphile ATP synthesis has now shown that special adaptations of the ATP synthase are part of the underpinnings of the alkaliphile's ability to synthesize ATP robustly at pH values up to 11, when the putative driving force - a bulk electrochemical proton gradient - is low.
		We are also investigating the mechanism whereby the voltage-gated Na+ channel, Na BP contributes to cytoplasmic pH homeostasis as well as to motility-based behaviors in the alkaliphile.
		MotPS is the stator-force generator for motility of alkaliphilic Bacillus, and its homologue is a second functional Mot in Bacillus subtilis.
	adsr13.mssm.edu /faculty/facultyInfo.php?id=7619&deptid=30 (1008 words)

	A tenth atp gene and the conserved atpI gene of a Bacillus atp operon have a role in Mg2+ uptake -- Hicks et al. 100 ...
		alkaliphile strains grown on pH 7.5 QA media, with malate and
		] was due to a carryover of Mg from the richer medium used for the pregrowth of transformed alkaliphile strains, as described in Materials and Methods.
		of MgtE proteins may be higher in the native alkaliphile membrane.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/100/18/10213 (4203 words)

	BI481 Test 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		If these potassium ions were allowed to leak back out (via valinomycin), cells would use up the energy of the PMF to pump in potassium that simply leaked back out.
		Likewise, alkaliphilic bacteria maintain a potassium gradient different than the equilibrium of their DELTA-PSI.
		Allowing potassium to leak back in would also cause a futile cycle, where potassium was pumped out (using energy) only to leak back in through the activity of valinomycin.
	methanogens.pdx.edu /boone/courses/BI481/BI481Test1.html (422 words)

	UW Research
		The chosen Bacillus strain thrives in alkaline conditions and produces large amounts of extracellular cyclodextrins [4].
		In addition, because cyclodextrin-producing alkaliphiles may encounter antibiotics containing b-lactam rings in their natural environment [7], our results indicate that bCD-mediated g___o____ activity may constitute a physiologically relevant antibiotic resistance mechanism.
		Table I. bCD confers AMP resistance to the alkaliphilic Bacillus strain (ATCC 21594) (A), and B. subtilis (ALKO 2013) (B) on solid media at containing glucose or starch.
	bterra.bol.ucla.edu /UW_Research.html (1878 words)

	The role of monovalent cation/proton antiporters in Na(+)-resistance and pH homeostasis in Bacillus: an alkaliphile ...
		The role of monovalent cation/proton antiporters in Na(+)-resistance and pH homeostasis in Bacillus: an alkaliphile versus a neutralophile -- Krulwich et al.
		The role of monovalent cation/proton antiporters in Na(+)-resistance and pH homeostasis in Bacillus: an alkaliphile versus a neutralophile
		Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the CUNY, NY 10029.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/196/1/457 (562 words)

	Queens College - Chemistry and Biochemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Bacterial cardiolipin (CL) synthase catalyzes reversible phosphatidyl group transfer from one phosphatidylglycerol molecule to another to form cardiolipin (CL) and glycerol.
		Our laboratory has cloned the gene for CL synthase, cls, from the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the gram-positive alkaliphile Bacillus firmus OF4.
		The cloned genes have been used to construct cls null mutations in each bacterial strain.
	qcpages.qc.cuny.edu /~btrqc/bet.html (604 words)

	Enzyme adaptation to alkaline pH: Atomic resolution (1.08 A) structure of phosphoserine aminotransferase from Bacillus ...
		the alkaliphilic representatives possess a set of distinctive
		bond to the O3' atom of the cofactor is present in alkaliphilic
		Keywords: pyridoxal-5'-phosphate; alkaliphilicity; phosphoserine; Schiff base; protein stability; X-ray crystallography
	protsci.highwire.org /cgi/content/abstract/14/1/97 (306 words)

	Kinetics and Metabolism of the Biodegradation of Vanillic Acid and Other Aromatic Compounds by a Halotolerant ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Kinetics and Metabolism of the Biodegradation of Vanillic Acid and Other Aromatic Compounds by a Halotolerant Alkaliphile from Soap Lake, Wa Kinetics and Metabolism of the Biodegradation of Vanillic Acid and Other Aromatic Compounds by a Halotolerant Alkaliphile from Soap Lake, Wa
		Catherine E. Albaugh, Washington State University, Dana 104a, Pullman, WA 99164-2710 and Brent Peyton, Washington State University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pullman, WA As part of the Soap Lake Microbial Observatory, this research focuses on the kinetic and metabolic characterization of novel extremophile species during the biodegradation of aromatic compounds.
		The Preliminary Program for 2005 Annual Meeting (Cincinnati, OH)
	aiche.confex.com /aiche/2005/preliminaryprogram/abstract_24837.htm (272 words)

	Oceanobacillus Lu et al
		nov., a deep-sea extremely halotolerant and alkaliphilic species isolated from a depth of 1050 m on the Iheya Ridge.
		Validation List N° 85 in IJSEM Online (PDF Format)
		nov., a halotolerant obligate alkaliphile isolated from the skin of a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and emended description of the genus Oceanobacillus.
	www.bacterio.cict.fr /o/oceanobacillus.html (262 words)

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