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Topic: Allied Forces Headquarters

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	HyperWar: Report by the Supreme Commander to the CCS on Operations in Northwest Africa (TORCH)
		By the terms of his appointment he was responsible to the Allied Commander-in-Chief for the security of the sea communications of the expedition, and for the support of the army in further amphibious operations in the Western Mediterranean, and in the seaward defense of that coast and its ports.
		The assault force was to consist of the 39th and 168th Regimental Combat Teams, the British 11th and 36th Brigade Groups, and the 1st and 6th Commandoes, composed of both British and American troops.
		BLADE FORCE had by this time lost a total of 40 tanks, and was withdrawn on the evening of the 2nd, leaving the defense of the forward areas to the 11th Brigade, and to the armored infantry of Combat Command "B", which had now to be ordered forward in a defensive role.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USA/rep/TORCH/DDE-Torch.html (19230 words)

	Allied Forces Headquarters - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Allied Forces Headquarters was the headquarters that controlled all Allied operational forces in the Mediterranean Theatre of World War II from late 1942 to the end of the war.
		By the end of 1942, there was a need to unify the Allied forces, since those from the west landed during Operation Torch, and those from the east that had won the Second Battle of El Alamein were now close enough together to need coordination.
		Therefore, in February 1943, Allied Force Headquarters assumed control of the British Eighth Army advancing from the east as well.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allied_Forces_Headquarters (386 words)

	PARAMETERS, US Army War College Quarterly - Spring 1997
		Allied unity of command was confined to the Western Mediterranean and later to the Western European and South East Asian theaters.
		Allied Forces Headquarters for Torch was a new and unique structure: a fully integrated combined staff, with a US commander and chief of staff and British component commanders.
		It was indeed fortunate for the Allied cause that General Eisenhower was selected by General Marshall, and subsequently approved by the political leaders of the United States and Britain, to lead Allied forces in Europe.
	carlisle-www.army.mil /usawc/parameters/97spring/rice.htm (0 words)

	Encyclopedia: A-4
		Allied air, ground, and naval forces assembled for the Normandy invasion and Allied campaign in Europe.
		The Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) was established in June 1942 near London.
		Allied commanding general Eisenhower responded to the anxiety of General De Gaulle by ordering 7th Army Group commander Devers to hold Strasbourg at all costs, despite his initial inclination to withdraw the US 7th and 1st French Armies to the Vosges.
	theww2resource.tripod.com /id21.htm (0 words)

	Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (abbreviated as SHAEF, pronounced "shāf"), was the headquarters of the Commander of Allied forces in north west Europe, from late 1943 until the end of World War II.
		At that point, Montgomery ceased to command all land forces, but continued as Commander in Chief of the British 21st Army Group (21 AG) on the eastern wing of the Normandy bridgehead and the American 12th Army Group (12 AG) commanded by Lieutenant General Omar Bradley was on the western wing of the bridgehead.
		During the invasion of southern France, the 6 AG was under the command of the Allied Forces Headquarters (AFHQ) of the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations, but after one month command passed to SHAEF.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Expeditionary_Force (0 words)

	Operation Shining Hope / Sustain Hope / Allied Harbor / Provide Refuge
		For Operation Allied Harbour the composition of the force was decided at a Force generation conference at SHAPE.
		The specific military mission of the forces deployed is to support disaster relief operations to aid in the care and protection of Kosovar refugees and to provide for their own security.
		Headquarters elements, air crews, airlift control elements, selected transport and rotary wing aircraft, security personnel, civil affairs and psychological operations personnel, medical and engineer forces, and logistics support forces may become involved in the operation.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/ops/sustain_hope.htm (0 words)

	Allied Plan Would Encourage Iraqis Not to Fight
		David McKiernan, the commander of allied land forces if the United States leads an invasion of Iraq, said he and other commanders were working out procedures for Iraqi units to signal their intention to stay out of the war.
		The strategy is intended, commanders said, to speed the allied advance toward Baghdad by enabling American and British forces to bypass Iraqi units that have opted out of the war.
		Iraqi forces might be asked to remove the batteries from their vehicles or turn around the turrets of their tanks so they do not face allied troops.
	www.iraqfoundation.org /news/2003/cmar/11_iraqis.html (0 words)

	North African Invasion (Operation TORCH) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The primary objective was to utilize ready Allied forces in an operation commensurate with current capabilities to relieve pressure on the Russians.
		AFHQ remained a combined administrative headquarters for the Allied commander in the Mediterranean after the establishment of the (Allied) Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTO) on 10 December 1943.
		The Germans defeated the Allies in a series of sharp armored actions, forced a withdrawal of American troops through the Kasserine Pass and the valley beyond, and made a spectacular advance of almost a hundred miles before determined countermeasures by the Allies brought them to a halt, still short of their objectives, on 22 February.
	www.armedforces.net /Detailed/927.html (0 words)

	63rd Signal Bn Page
		Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 63rd Signal Battalion, was reactivated on 24 July 1967, at Fort Riley, Kansas, and saw service in the Republic of Vietnam.
		Redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarers Detachment, 63rd Signal Battalion, the unit was activated on 1 July 1975 in Germany, where it remained until inactivation on 1 September 1977.
		Since USFA differed from the occupation forces in Germany, we were being taught how to get along with the people in a "liberated" country, and also they taught us a bit of the language and customs of the country.
	www.usfava.com /USFA_63rdSigBn.htm (0 words)

	Leaders, Operation Torch
		Allied intelligence indicates that Hitler is taking a more direct role in the strategic direction of Axis forces this year—following the leadership crisis of the Soviet winter offensives.
		Further, Allied analysts believe that Kesselring was unable or unwilling to push reinforcements to Rommel during the Afrika Corps’ May offensive.
		His forces led deep penetrations into France in 1940, and he is establishing a stronger reputation in Africa.
	mason.gmu.edu /~ssledge/situation5.htm (0 words)

	Headquarters, Land Forces Central Europe
		Headquarters Allied Land Forces Central Europe (LANDCENT), was activated in Heidelberg on 1 July 1993.
		This measure was taken within the framework of the changes in NATO's integrated command structure, arising from the "New Strategic Concept" which the Alliance had adopted at the Rome Summit in 1991.
		Headquarters LANDCENT is composed of seven nations (Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, U.K. and U.S.) and a French Military Mission.
	www.dtic.mil /bosnia/fs/land_for_ceneuro.html (0 words)

	Special Operations.Com
		Because Special Forces units can be employed in direct support of general purpose forces throughout the operational continuum, the Special Forces officer must also understand his role in the AirLand battle and retain his company-level conventional skills developed in his accession branch.
		Because Special Forces units are area-oriented to specific theaters, the specific battle focus of the assigned unit may vary from unit to unit.
		He commands, advises, or assists up to battalion-sized indigenous forces, and is proficient in specialized military skills needed to operate in all physical environments and the cultural awareness, regional expertise, and language skills for mission deployment.
	www.specialoperations.com /Army/Special_Forces/SF_Info/Captain.htm (0 words)

	Armed Forces - m09 - NATO Commands - Allied Command Europe (ACE) - Allied Forces North Europe (AFNORTH) - Allied Forces ...
		Allied Command Operations, with its headquarters, SHAPE, near Mons, Belgium, is responsible for all Alliance operations.
		The Headquarters of the ARRC are located in Rheindahlen, Germany.
		In the future, Allied Command Transformation, with its headquarters in Norfolk, US, is overseeing the transformation of NATO's military capabilities.
	www.armedforces.co.uk /mod/listings/l0009.html (493 words)

	Canadian Forces College
		After graduating from the Canadian Land Force Command and Staff College in Kingston in 1986, he was again assigned to 1 R22eR in Germany, where he held the positions of Operations Officer and Commander of Headquarters Company, A Company and Service Company.
		He was assigned to the Canadian Forces College in Toronto from 1996 to 1998 where he held the positions of Directing Staff, Deputy Director of Students, and Dean of the Directing Staff.
		He served as Director of Staff at Regional Headquarters Allied Forces North Europe and Senior Canadian Officer in Brunssum, The Netherlands, from April 2000 until December 2003.
	www.cfc.forces.gc.ca /Personnel/morneau_e.html (0 words)

	Rebuttal from Colonel Krieger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The situation in the Northern Region is not similar in that the geography, climate, and lack of forces result in the fight being handled by geographic commanders, with separate geographic air organizations.
		During the application of air power in a combat environment that encompasses large numbers of forces, the intermediate headquarters between the air component commander and the wings is vital.
		It is neither efficient nor effective for a headquarters that is working one level of a problem to involve itself in the details of another level.
	www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil /airchronicles/apj/apj89/rebuttal.html (0 words)

	[No title]
		A spokesman for the UN Headquarters, referring to the letter on July 27, made clear its official stand that the U.S. forces in south Korea are not “U.N. forces” but the “U.S-led allied forces”.
		It is ridiculous and brazen-faced window-dressing for the U.S. to allow its forces in south Korea to go under the helmet of the U.N. forces and maintain the “U.N. Command” which exists in name only.
		Its ulterior motive is to convince the world public that the belligerent relations between the DPRK and the U.S. are those between the U.N. and the DPRK in a bid to intensify the false propaganda that the DPRK is ostracized and isolated internationally.
	www.vuw.ac.nz /~caplabtb/dprk/UN_forces.doc (0 words)

	Allied Joint Force Command Naples
		Allied Joint Force Command Naples hosted its annual Christmas Tree Lighting Ceremony today at its headquarters in Bagnoli.
		In addition to lighting the tree, there were gifts presented to the Centro Laila Orphanage and a holiday music concert featuring the Allied Forced Band and Chorus, a combined children’s chorus with students from the US, Hellenic, British, Montessori and international schools.
		Naples, 30 November 2006 – A mobile training team from Allied Joint Force Command Naples concluded today a training seminar during which NATO’s doctrine and policy for public information activities were illustrated to a group of Jordan officers at the Jordan Peace Operations Training Centre (POTC), at Zarqa, near Amman (Jordan).
	www.afsouth.nato.int (0 words)

	USFA History - Early Occupation
		The reduction of the redoubt area thus became an important objective of the Allies and speed of movement was essential to forestall the enemy's retiring into the area in time to fortify it agains the Allied attack.
		Part of General Eisenhower's forces were turned south, therefore, and penetrated into Austria before the Germans could assemble their forces in the mountain "redoubt" of southern Bavaria and western Austria.
		The Headquarters Company II Corps, 11th Armored Division, 42nd Division and 65th Division, previously assigned to Third Army and 12th Army Group, were assigned on 6 July to the newly formed US Occupational Forces Austria, the commanding general of which was Gen Mark Clark.
	www.usfava.com /USFA_History1.htm (0 words)

	Statutory Instrument 1998 No. 1517
		Whereas section 74 of the Finance Act 1960[1] provides for certain exemptions from stamp duty in relation to any visiting force of a designated country and any designated allied headquarters; and further provides that for the purposes of that section "designated" means designated for the purpose in question by or under any Order in Council:
		This Order may be cited as the Visiting Forces and Allied Headquarters (Stamp Duties) (Designation) Order 1998 and shall come into force on 24th June 1998.
		Each of the countries specified in the First Schedule to this Order and each of the allied headquarters specified in the Second Schedule to this Order is hereby designated for the purposes of section 74 of the Finance Act 1960.
	www.opsi.gov.uk /si/si1998/19981517.htm (0 words)

	Soldiers Online Feature Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		SINCE the end of the Cold War NATO's Allied Forces Central Europe headquarters, located at Hendrick van Nassau Ouwerkerk Camp in Brunssum, Netherlands, has planned and coordinated the defense of Central Europe.
		In March, three major subordinate headquarters -- AFCENT; Allied Forces Northwest, near London; and Allied Forces, North, (covering Turkey and the Mediterranean) -- merged to form Regional Headquarters, Allied Forces, North, in Brunssum and RHQs., South, in Naples, Italy, said RHQs.
		Back at the headquarters, Army officers are among those from other nations developing doctrine, planning joint interoperability exercises and analyzing potential threats the alliance could face in the future, Gaetjen said.
	www.army.mil /soldiers/mar2001/features/afnorth.html (0 words)

	PARAMETERS, US Army War College Quarterly - Winter 1998
		Allied failures have been so numerous and their inexcusable blunders so common that professional soldiers had long discounted the possibility of effective allied action unless available resources were so great as to assure victory by inundation.
		His success was in large measure attributable to the cohesive--if sometimes contentious--environment at Supreme Headquarters Allied Forces Europe.
		Traditionally "reserved" for work at the highest headquarters, individuals charged with keeping the task force and other commanders apprised of local political, social, and economic conditions have appeared at many levels in Bosnia.
	carlisle-www.army.mil /usawc/Parameters/98winter/scales1.htm (0 words)

	NATO closes regional HQ in Denmark after 42 years
		NATO on Wednesday officially closed its regional headquarters, in Karup, northern Denmark, after 42 years as part of moves to streamline the command structure of the transatlantic military alliance.
		Responsibility for JCNE missions will now be distributed between NATO's Allied Forces Northern Europe, headed by German general Gerhard Back; the headquarters in Germany of NATO's Land Component Command; and the alliance's Joint Warfare Centre in Norway, JCNE press officer Erik Hviid told AFP.
		The decision to close it was made at a NATO summit in Prague in November 2002, as part of moves to reduce the number of NATO commands.
	www.spacewar.com /2004/040616163718.i6pqcf8i.html (0 words)

	1999 Press Releases
		The NATO mine counter measure forces operating in the Adriatic Sea to clear ordnance jettisoned during Operation Allied Force have completed clearance operations in assigned areas.
		The purpose of this force is to provide a single NATO commander for co-ordination and control of national land forces deploying here.
		HQ ARRC served as the land forces headquarters for NATO's Implementation Force in Bosnia-Herzegovina from December 1995 to December 1996.
	www.afsouth.nato.int /releases/1999releases.htm (0 words)

	Lyman Louis Lemnitzer Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		After a series of command and staff assignments (1940-1941), he went to the War Plans Division, then Army General Headquarters and Headquarters Army Ground Forces appointments (May 1941-July 1942), by the end of which he was a brigadier general.
		Lemnitzer displayed remarkable force of character and integrity during the crisis occasioned by the first trial of a serviceman for murder in Japanese courts.
		He was the driving force behind the development of the Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP), the U.S. joint strategic nuclear strike plan, still the backbone of the U.S. strategy for deterrence.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/lyman-louis-lemnitzer (0 words)

	Allied Naval Forces Southern Europe [NAVSOUTH]
		Allied Naval Forces Southern Europe is one of the two Component Commands in Allied Command Europe's Southern Region.
		NAVSOUTH was established as a separate headquarters on June 5, 1967, upon dissolution of Headquarters Allied Forces Mediterranean, a major NATO Subordinate Command previously responsible for maritime operations in the Mediterranean and Black Seas.
		The peacetime mission of NAVSOUTH is to assure the readiness of NATO naval forces in the Mediterranean and to contribute to regional stability through dialogue and cooperation, particularly with nations participating in the Partnership-for-Peace (PfP) program.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/agency/navy/navsouth.htm (0 words)

	NATO to Conduct Exercise in Istanbul Nov. 3-18
		Called "Allied Action 2003" (AA 03), the exercise will give participants the opportunity to practice procedures for planning and mounting a multinational operation in accordance with the Combined Joint Task Force (CJTF) concept, involving crisis response activities in fictitious countries beyond Alliance territory.
		This exercise is an important step in the implementation process of the CJTF concept, which will provide the Alliance with a vital tool for crisis management in the 21st century.
		The Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) is the Officer Scheduling the Exercise and the Commander-in-Chief North Europe (CINCNORTH) is the Officer Conducting the Exercise.
	www.iwar.org.uk /news-archive/2003/10-31-2.htm (0 words)

	USHMM Information Access (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Records of Allied Forces Headquarters (RG 331) [Theaters of Operations Records]
		Allied Forces Headquarters (AFHQ) was established September 12, 1942, as an allied command to plan and direct operations and military government activities in the North African Theater of Operations (later expanded and renamed Mediterranean Theater of Operations).
		Records of the Allied Military Government and Allied Commission (Italy)
	www.ushmm.org /uia-bin/uia_doc/art/x9-27 (259 words)

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