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Topic: Allied Occupation Zones in Germany

	Germany - MSN Encarta
		Germany is an economic powerhouse in the European Union (EU), and a driving force behind greater economic integration and cooperation throughout Europe.
		Germany is bounded on the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; on the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; on the south by Austria and Switzerland; and on the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and The Netherlands.
		The mountainous region, or Alpine zone, in the south includes the Swabian and Franconian mountains, the foothills of the Alps, and two large forests, the Black Forest in the southwest and the Bavarian and Bohemian Forest in the east.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761576917/Germany.html (1457 words)

	Germany - Postwar Occupation and Division
		Pending the negotiation of a peace treaty with Germany, Poland was to administer the German provinces of Pomerania, Silesia, and the southern portion of East Prussia.
		The occupation zone of the United States consisted of the Land of Hesse, the northern half of the present-day Land of Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, and the southern part of Greater Berlin.
		The zones were governed by the Allied Control Council (ACC), consisting of the four supreme commanders of the Allied Forces.
	countrystudies.us /germany/44.htm (1087 words)

	West Germany - MSN Encarta
		West Germany, common name of a former republic of central Europe, bordered on the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; on the east by the former East Germany and the Czech Republic; on the south by Austria and Switzerland; and on the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
		It was established officially as the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; German Bundesrepublik Deutschland) on September 21, 1949, as one of two successor states—East Germany (officially the German Democratic Republic, or GDR) being the other—to the nation of Germany after its defeat in World War II (1939-1945).
		The Soviets increased the isolation of the zones of Germany and Berlin under their control, distancing these zones from the democratic development being encouraged by the Western powers in the rest of Germany.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761569658/West_Germany.html (844 words)

	Germany (07/06)
		Germany is a strong advocate of closer European economic integration, and its economic and commercial policies are increasingly determined within the European Union (EU).
		Germany continues to be active economically in the states of central and eastern Europe and to actively support the development of democratic institutions, bilaterally and through the EU.
		Germany stands at the center of European affairs and is a key partner in U.S. relations with Europeans in NATO and the European Union.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3997.htm (5907 words)

	Secretary of State James Byrnes. Restatement of Policy on Germany. September 6, 1946
		While Germany must be prepared to share her coal and steel with the liberated countries of Europe dependent upon these supplies, Germany must be enabled to use her skills and her energies to increase her industrial production and to organize the most effective use of her raw materials.
		Germany is a part of Europe and recovery in Europe, and particularly in the states adjoining Germany, will be slow indeed if Germany with her great resources of iron and coal is turned into a poorhouse.
		Her temporary and forced union with Germany was not a happy event for either country, and the United States is convinced that it is in the interest of both countries and the peace of Europe that they should pursue their separate ways.
	usa.usembassy.de /etexts/ga4-460906.htm (3784 words)

	Allied Occupation Zones in Germany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Allied powers who defeated Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder-Neisse line into four occupation zones for administrative purposes during the period 1945-1949.
		The French zone consisted of the present state of Rheinland-Pfalz and the southern areas of Baden-Württemberg.
		The Soviet occupation zone incorporated Thuringia, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allied_Occupation_Zones_in_Germany (980 words)

	Occupation
		Belligerent occupation in a foreign war, being based upon the possession of enemy territory, necessarily implies that the sovereignty of the occupied territory is not vested in the occupying power.
		We consider these territories to be under occupation and that Israel is obliged to administer them under the terms of the Fourth Geneva Convention, which prohibits forcible deportations, detention without trial, destruction of property, denial of access to food, health and education, and settlement by the occupying power of its own civilians in occupied territory.
		In 1945, General Eisenhower, the Supreme Allied Commander was given directions by the Combined joint Chiefs of Staff regarding his legal rights and obligations as part of the Allied Control Council, for the occupation of Germany.
	lawofwar.org /Occupation.htm (5188 words)

	The Avalon Project :
		The military government personnel in each zone, including those dealing with regional and local branches of the departments of any central German administrative machinery, shall be selected by authority of the Commander of that zone except that liaison officers may be furnished by the Commanders of the other three zones.
		Other Allied objectives are to enforce the program of reparations and restitution, to provide relief for the benefit of countries devastated by Nazi aggression, and to ensure that prisoners of war and displaced persons of the United Nations are cared for and repatriated.
		Allied Military marks and Reichsmark currency and coin now in circulation in Germany will be legal tender without distinction and will be interchangeable at the rate of one Allied Military mark for one Reichsmark.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/wwii/ger02.htm (6034 words)

	German Democratic Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The German Democratic Republic was established in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany on October 7, 1949, following the creation in May 1949 of the Federal Republic of Germany ("West Germany") in the zones occupied by the United States, Britain and France.
		In Imperial Germany and later during the time of the Weimar Republic, territory that would become East Germany was situated in the center of the state.
		Since Berlin was entirely enclosed in the Soviet part of Germany, the areas of Berlin being held under the control of the UK, the United States and France soon became known as West Berlin while the Soviet sector became known as East Berlin.
	enc.qba73.com /link-GDR (4639 words)

	CHAPTER ONE: EARLY POST-WAR BORDER OPERATIONS 1945 - 1946
		It was this initial occupation of Bavaria and the setting up of frontier control posts that set the stage for the continuous presence of US Army units on the eastern borders that continues to the present.
		However, this broad prohibited zone was never declared due to the magnitude of problems such a massive relocation of the population and disruption of farming and small business that would have been caused by its implementation.
		Their relations with the Allied forces from the British and French Zones were good, particularly after the signing of an agreement on 10 April 1946 between the British and American authorities granting German nationals freedom of travel between their two zones and the subsequent easing of restrictions in travel between the French and American Zones.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/documents/BorderOps/ch1.htm (3367 words)

	[No title]
		In the period when Germany is carrying out the basic requirements of unconditional surrender, supreme authority in Germany will be exercised, on instructions from their Governments, by the Soviet, British, United States and French commanders-in-chief, each in his own zone of occupation, and also jointly, in matters affecting Germany as a whole.
		Germany, and all German military, naval and air authorities and all forces under German control shall immediately cease hostilities in all theatres of war against the forces of the United Nations on land, at sea and in the air.
		Allied troops and agencies, their equipment and supplies, on the railways, roads and other land communications or by sea, river or air.
	www.ibiblio.org /pha/war.term/093_02.html (5295 words)

	Germany - yourDictionary.com - American Heritage Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Germany became a confederation after 1815 and then an empire centered around Prussia (1871-1918).
		Germany's defeat in 1945 at the end of World War II resulted in its division into four occupation zones, each controlled by an Allied power.
		The two Germanies were reunified in 1990 after the fall of the East German Communist government.
	www.yourdictionary.com /ahd/g/g0103800.html (154 words)

	Genesis
		It was no easy task, and when the occupation plan was finalized and put into effect it unknowingly drew the battle lines for a new kind of war as the ideological differences between the Allied powers began to re-emerge.
		With the occupation plan finalized, the Big Three separated in the words of Winston Churchill, "not only as Allies, but as friends facing a still mighty foe with whom all our armies were struggling in fierce and ceaseless battle.” [3] Within months, though, the “mighty foe” was on the verge of total collapse.
		The Russians had hammered their way across eastern Germany and were fighting in the suburbs of Berlin, while the Anglo armies were marching deep into Germany from the west.
	www.grenzer.com /ICgen.htm (1534 words)

	PHILATELY - Occupation of Germany - Occupied Zones 1945-148
		At the end of WWI Germany was divided into several zones, occupied by the allied forces: those as American - British zone, the French zone, as well as the Soviet zone.
		During the war the stamps of the so-called ' AMG ' - issue (Allied Military Government) had been already prepared, the very first issue of the Allies for the western part of the defeated Germany.
		In the Russian Zone the postal authorities issued their own stamps just at the beginning of occupation and in consequence of the currency reform in 1948.
	www.martins-philatelie.com /multimedia/Url/zonenamericain.htm (246 words)

	The Curtain Descends
		When an occupation plan was finalized and then put into effect when the war ended, it unknowingly drew the battle lines for a new kind of war as the ideological differences between the Allied powers began to re-emerge.
		At this meeting of the Allied leaders, Franklin Roosevelt initiated the discussion of dividing Germany by proposing that the country be partitioned into equal slices like a cut pie.
		With the occupation plan finalized, the Big Three separated in the words of Winston Churchill, "not only as Allies, but as friends facing a still mighty foe with whom all our armies were struggling in fierce and ceaseless battle.” [iii] Within months, though, the “mighty foe” was on the verge of total collapse.
	www.grenzer.com /IChisgens.htm (2529 words)

	THE U.S. ARMY IN THE OCCUPATION OF GERMANY
		The post-World War II occupation of Germany was a huge and diverse undertaking spanning almost eleven years, conducted in conjunction with three other members of the wartime alliance and involving in various degrees a number of US governmental departments and agencies.
		The occupation was, moreover, a major event in German history and in the history of the postwar world; and for the Army it was a mission second only in scope and significance to the war itself.
		It is concerned with those parts of Germany US forces held prior to July 1945, with the considerably less than one third of the country that became the US zone in July 1945, and with aspects of quadripartite control pertinent to an understanding of the Army's mission in Germany.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/wwii/Occ-GY (1790 words)

	Anna M
		Most of the German deportees wanted to avoid the Soviet zone and go to the British zone of occupation in Germany, but the British tried to limit their numbers because of the burden this imposed on them, which again made the situation of the Germans more difficult.
		The Western and Soviet zones of occupation in Germany were agreed on in 1943-44, as was the Four Power occupation of Berlin which lay within the Soviet zone.
		On March 20 1948, Soviet representatives on the Allied Control Commission in Berlin protested against the fusion of the western zones of the city and Soviet harassment of traffic coming in from the West began.
	web.ku.edu /~eceurope/hist557/lect17.htm (16911 words)

	The Division of Germany
		When the Soviet Union and the Western Allies could not agree on a common policy in Germany, each side began to organize its own occupation zones in Germany overall and in Berlin.
		The Western Allies occupied western Germany, and the Soviet Union occupied the east.
		In June 1948, the Western Allies moved to rebuild the economy of their occupation zones in Germany.
	www.cybergerman.addr.com /division.html (316 words)

	The Airlift Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In March 1948 the Allied powers decided to unite their different occupation zones of Germany into a single economic unit.
		Coincident with the introduction of a new Deutsche Mark in West Berlin (as throughout West Germany), which the Soviets regarded as a threat to the East German currency, the Soviet occupation forces in eastern Germany began a blockade of all rail, road, and water communications between Berlin and the West.
		By mid-July the Soviet army of occupation in East Germany had increased to 40 divisions, against 8 in the Allied sectors.
	www.calpoly.edu /~ablewitt/airlift.html (321 words)

	The Berlin (Potsdam) Conference, July 17-August 2, 1945
		(x) The administration in Germany should be directed towards the decentralization of the political structure and the development of local responsibility.
		In order to eliminate Germany's war potential, the production of arms, ammunition and implements of war as well as all types of aircraft and sea-going ships shall be prohibited and prevented.
		Reparation claims of the U. shall be met by removals from the zone of Germany occupied by the USSR, and from appropriate German external assets.
	www.historyguide.org /europe/potsdam.html (1188 words)

	Letters Spectator, The - Find Articles
		The German occupation zones were decided at the European Advisory Commission, where the British voted with the Russians in February 1944, in determining the Allied occupation zones in Germany and Austria.
		Roosevelt died and Truman, Marshall and Eiscnhower declined to squander the lives of Western Allied soldiers on territory that the British had ensured was committed to be handed back to Russia.
		It was Churchill and not Roosevelt who signed over to Stalin control of Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary, in Moscow in the autumn of 1944.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3724/is_200305/ai_n9257140 (961 words)

	Germany
		1 Dec 1918 - 30 Jun 1930 Allied occupation of the Rhineland.
		The full style during the period covered (to which were, of course, attached the styles belonging to the states ruled by the emperor-elect, such as Archduke of Austria) was as follows: Von Gottes Gnaden erwählter römischer Kaiser, R.I.S.A., König in Germanien - Divina favente clementia Romanorum imperator electus et semper augustus, R.I.S.A., rex in Germania.
		Note: For data on Germany since 3 Oct 1990 see the table at the top of the entry.
	www.worldstatesmen.org /Germany.html (4005 words)

	Holocaust & World War II Maps Table of Contents
		Allied Occupation Zones at the End of World War II
		Breakout at Anzio, Italy and the Allied Advance to Rome
		Camps for Displaced Persons in Germany and Austria
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Holocaust/holomaptoc.html (56 words)

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