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Alloimmunity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Alloimmunity is a condition in which the body gains immunity, from another individual of the same species, against its own cells. Alloimmunity should not be confused with autoimmunity in which the body's immune system attacks its own cells without being provoked or influenced by substances or cells from another member of the same species. in the fetus after maternal antibodies have passed through the placenta into the fetus, as in haemolytic disease of the newborn and fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alloimmunity   (141 words)

Autoimmunity and Alloimmunity – by Pr... [#358] (2004 ISPO Symposium) There are evidences that many auto-immune diseases and alloimmunity are characteristic of vertebrates and that they are associated with MHC molecules. Alloimmunity can be another by-product of evolution of the adoptive immunity which emerged under selection pressure of microbes and “latently” accumulated enormous strength. As in the case of autoimmunity, selection pressure of alloimmunity caused the emergence of fine mechanisms for the control of immune reaction on one hand and absence of expression of MHC molecules on placental tissues, on the other – except for monomorphic and low-polymorphic MHC class Ib molecules. www.cancerprev.org /Meetings/2004/Symposia/1091/358   (324 words)

Alloimmunity Alloimmunity is a condition in which the body gains immunity against its own cells. It can occur after allografts (grafts of the body's own tissue) or allotransplants (transfusions or transplants of the body's own fluids such as blood or plasma.) The prefix allo- is similar to the Latin prefix homo-, meaning "same". Autoimmunity details a condition in which the body attacks its own cells that exist under normal conditions, not under forced ones. www.mrsci.com /Immunology/Alloimmunity.php   (73 words)

Abstracts of the articles   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13) Alloimmunity can be another by-product of evolution of the adaptive immunity which emerged under selection pressure of microbes and “latently” accumulated enormous strength. In conclusion, evolution of the adaptive immunity is associated with emergence of auto-immunity and alloimmunity/reproductive efficacy as by-products of "self/non-self" recognition. In conclusion, evolution of the adoptive immunity is associated with emergence of auto-immunity and alloimmunity/reproductive efficacy as by-products of self/non-self recognition. www.geocities.com /ibubanovic/Hypotheses.htm   (5335 words)

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International Effective inhibition of autoimmunity and alloimmunity (the immune destructive forces against foreign cells) is essential for the long-term survival and maintenance of transplanted islets. This translates to life-long treatment with immunosuppressive medications that are often associated with toxic side effects such as increased risk of cancer, infections, high cholesterol and diabetes. Autoimmunity and alloimmunity are twin barriers to successful islet transplantation. onlineapps.jdfcure.org /AbstractReport.cfm?grant_id=23596&abs_type=LAY   (460 words)

Yamagami, Mol Vis 2005; 11:632-640. In addition to their role in regulating inflammatory responses, chemokines also play critical roles in homing and recirculation of both naive and primed lymphocytes and are hence thought to be highly relevant to generation of adaptive immunity to foreign (including transplantation) antigens [1,2]. In the current study we evaluated differential gene expression of a panel of chemokines in the early postoperative period after high-risk keratoplasty, hypothesizing that an increase in expression of select chemokine species is associated with the early infiltration of high-risk grafts. Mast cells have not been systematically studied in corneal alloimmunity but are nearly ubiquitous in a wide variety of inflammatory responses as cells that facilitate the link between innate and adaptive immunity [26]. www.molvis.org /molvis/v11/a75   (3933 words)

NEJM -- Islet and Pancreatic Transplantation -- Autoimmunity and Alloimmunity NEJM -- Islet and Pancreatic Transplantation -- Autoimmunity and Alloimmunity Islet and Pancreatic Transplantation — Autoimmunity and Alloimmunity Demetris, A. J., Murase, N., Delaney, C. Overlap between Alloimmunity and Autoimmunity in the Rat and Human: Evidence for Important Contributions for Dendritic and Regulatory Cells. content.nejm.org /cgi/content/short/335/12/888   (253 words)

The Briscoe Laboratory These include 1) the function of leukocyte–endothelial interactions in angiogenesis and the role of angiogenesis factors in alloimmunity; 2) how leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions promote or sustain T cell activation and allorecognition; and 3) whether persistent endothelial activation is associated with or mediates chronic allograft rejection. In addition,we have determined that the multi drug resistance gene P-glycoprotein which functions in cytokine transport is regulated on T cells and monocytes as a result of alloimmune activation and following leukocyte-endothelial interaction.Studies by our group as well as others have also identified that endothelial cells modify monocytes for subsequent activation events. Transmigration of monocytes across endothelial cells is a potent stimulus for their activation and facilitates their differentiation into myeloid derived dendritic cells. www.briscoelab.com /research.html   (946 words)

Physiological Mechanisms of Regulating Alloimmunity: Cytokines, CTLA-4, CD25+ Cells, and the Alloreactive T Cell Clone ... role in regulating alloimmune responses in vivo remains unclear. Roles of cytokines in physiological regulation of alloimmune responses. roles in the physiological termination of the alloimmune response. www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/169/7/3744   (5189 words)

Amazon.ca: Origin of Anti-Tumor Immunity Failure in Mammals: Books: Ivan Bubanovic   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13) An example of the evolution of "advanced solutions" is the evolution of adoptive immunity, and co-evolution of auto-immunity and alloimmunity. Alongside the diversification of the mechanisms of adoptive immunity, auto-immunity and alloimmunity gain attributes of the evolutionary by-products and become sources of selection pressure. To that effect, alloimmunity could be a source of very strong selection pressure in mammals, simply because it is directly connected with the reproductive efficacy. www.amazon.ca /Origin-Anti-Tumor-Immunity-Failure-Mammals/dp/0306486296   (793 words)

Reproductive Immunology Introduction   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13) Pregnancy is a remarkable exception because the woman’s body, in particular its immune mechanisms, adapt to allow tolerance of an allogenic fetus. This adaptation in the immune response is termed alloimmunity, where the mother’s body recognizes the fetus as non-self and prohibits an immune system response as if it were an infection (Beer, 2004). Alloimmunity is overall adaptations that produce changes in cell concentrations, where cells are produced, and even their effector functions. www.skidmore.edu /~v_ruiz   (347 words)

Prolonged murine cardiac allograft acceptance: characteristics of persistent active alloimmunity after treatment with ... Prolonged murine cardiac allograft acceptance: characteristics of persistent active alloimmunity after treatment with gallium nitrate versus anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody. To evaluate residual alloimmunity associated with the pharmacologic avoidance of acute graft rejection and the development of chronic tissue remodeling, we subjected these graft recipients to a battery of histologic and immunologic tests. Similar test results were obtained for graft recipients treated with either of the two immunosuppressive agents. www.aegis.com /aidsline/1997/jul/M9771375.html   (458 words)

Molecular Immunology Open Forum - A Bravenet.com Forum An example of the evolution of ¡§advanced solutions¡¨ is the evolution of adaptive immunity, and co-evolution of auto-immunity and alloimmunity. Alongside with the diversification of the mechanisms of adaptive immunity, auto-immunity and alloimmunity gain attribute of the evolutionary by-products and become sources of selection pressure. At the same time, new forms of selection pressure that are connected with adaptive immunity gave rise to new mechanisms controlling killer machinery of the immune system. pub46.bravenet.com /forum/3886665775/fetch/779414   (743 words)

Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh - Projects Researchers must also deal with "alloimmunity," the normal defenses against foreign tissues that the human body turns on whenever a transplant takes place, producing cells to kill the foreign intruder. Dr. Trucco's project's goal is to give islets the ability to defend themselves from both autoimmunity and alloimmunity. Dr. Fung and co-workers will explore whether the alloimmune response can be moderated by genetically altering dendritic cells, which originate in bone marrow. www.chp.edu /centers/03_diabetes_projects.php?base=diab   (1013 words)

Final Diagnosis -- Case 253 Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is caused by maternal alloimmunization to a fetal (paternal) platelet antigen not present on the mother's platelets, the platelet equivalent of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). The existence of incompatibility between the mother and fetal/paternal platelets appears to be necessary but not sufficient for maternal alloimmunization to occur. Most cases of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia are discovered after birth. path.upmc.edu /cases/case253/dx.html   (1043 words)

CiteULike: The evolution of alloimmunity and the genesis of adaptive immunity.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13) CiteULike: The evolution of alloimmunity and the genesis of adaptive immunity. The evolution of alloimmunity and the genesis of adaptive immunity. In addition, the hypothesis that HAAPs select the forms and molecules of alloimmunity offers simple explanations for the evolution of histocompatibility systems over time, the initial selection of hypervariable immune mechanisms, and the genesis of adaptive immunity. www.citeulike.org /article/115933   (244 words)

Profile Autoimmunity and alloimmunity, microchimerism, HLA genetics, and pregnancy. Investigative work in our laboratory is directed at investigating the interface of autoimmunity and alloimmunity in human health and disease. Recent studies indicate there is bi-directional cell traffic between a mother and child during pregnancy and, surprisingly, that a small number of cells persist in respective hosts decades later. myprofile.cos.com /nelsonab36   (1051 words)

Alloreactivity in Renal Transplant Recipients with and without Chronic Allograft Nephropathy -- Poggio et al. 15 (7): ... The frequency of detecting any alloimmune reactivity differs in transplant recipients with and without abnormal renal function. The percentage of patients within each group who tested positive for D/3P ratio (Figure 2), donor peptide (Figure 3), or new posttransplantation anti-HLA antibody (Figure 4) is depicted. alloimmune reactivity in the subgroup of patients with biopsy-confirmed jasn.asnjournals.org /cgi/content/full/15/7/1952   (5324 words)

[No title] The rules of immunity and the consequences of alloimmunity should be considered in blood transfusion therapy and in the transplantation of bloodforming tissue. The intensive scientific programme of this year’s educational conference is a compilation of topics revealing the molecular and cellular basis of immunity and alloimmunity. Preparations so far have been more than exciting and not only because of the multitude of interesting contacts with so many distinguished guest lecturers.Through their unrestricted support and co-operation we experienced a special kind of togetherness which you can share during the conference. www.ehto.org /ikb/events/mollecularcellular.html   (903 words)

The Critical Role of Lymph Nodes in Corneal Alloimmunization and Graft Rejection -- Yamagami and Dana 42 (6): 1293 -- ... The Critical Role of Lymph Nodes in Corneal Alloimmunization and Graft Rejection alloimmune response generated to corneal grafts in CLNs is primarily component of alloimmunity and graft rejection in corneal transplantation. www.iovs.org /cgi/content/full/42/6/1293   (4747 words)

CVMBS - January 2006 E-Insight - Colorado State University Nelson presented the Kurt Benirschke Lecture at the University of California, San Diego in 2003, the JFL Woodbury Lecture at the University of Halifax, Nova Scotia in 2002, and gave the Presidential Address at the Society for the Study of Reproduction in Quebec City in 2005. Her research interests include autoimmunity and alloimmunity, microchimerism, HLA genetics and pregnancy. Investigative work in her laboratory is directed at examining the interface of autoimmunity and alloimmunity in human health and disease, particularly as it relates to transmission during pregnancy in women. www.cvmbs.colostate.edu /insight/2006/January2006/nelson.htm   (269 words)

Molecular profiling of the role of the NF-{kappa}B family of transcription factors during alloimmunity -- Finn et al. ... To investigate the assumed complexity of in vivo alloimmunity, the genes in this subset contribute to the vigorous alloimmune B in alloimmunity is a complex process differentially www.jleukbio.org /cgi/content/full/72/5/1054   (4182 words)

Javeed Ansari Basic Research We are studying the role of Novel T cell Costimulatory Pathways in alloimmunity and autoimmunity. We have recently described the critical role of two novel T cell costimulatory pathways, Programmed Death -1 (PD-1) and Inducible Costimulator (ICOS) pathways in the regulation of autoimmune diabetes in the NOD mice. The novel reagents are tested in well established models of autoimmune diabetes (NOD, BDC2.5 and other Transgenic mice) and models of islet transplantation involving alloimmunity alone, autoimmunity alone and both allo- and auto-immunity. www.brighamandwomens.org /renal/JaveedAnsari.aspx   (570 words)

Alloimmunity and nonimmunologic risk factors in cardiac allograft vasculopathy -- Vassalli et al. 24 (13): 1180 -- ... Alloimmunity and nonimmunologic risk factors in cardiac allograft vasculopathy -- Vassalli et al. Alloimmunity and nonimmunologic risk factors in cardiac allograft vasculopathy the central role of alloimmunity and inflammation in the development eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/24/13/1180   (513 words)

The Trojan exosome hypothesis -- Gould et al. 100 (19): 10592 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences The third facet of human alloimmunity is the adaptive response alloimmunization is a logical tool to use in combating the spread of alloimmunity in organisms as diverse as sponges and humans www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/100/19/10592   (5823 words)

Role of autoimmunity in organ allograft rejection: a focus on immunity to type V collagen in the pathogenesis of lung ... Alloimmunity to donor antigens is established as the Alloimmune responses may occur directly (via direct allorecognition) both alloimmunity to donor antigens and autoimmunity to col(V). ajplung.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/286/6/L1129   (6565 words)

ASTP Meeting Abstracts 1997 Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (CD26) Function Varies Between Alloreactive CD4+ And CD8+ T Cell ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13) Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV), also known as CD26, is a transmembrane serine aminopeptidase which has an ontogenically-related expression on T cells and which appears to play an important role in alloimmunity during host T cell activation subsequent to alloantigen encounter and as a way that effector T cells traverse graft endothelial barriers. These studies demonstrate that DPP IV activity varies among phenotypically distinct alloreactive T cell clones and is raised uponreencounter of the effector cells with specific alloantigen. With this methodology, it may be possible to determine whether there are specific alterations in the activity of this molecule during different functional stages of effector T cell populations or immune cells that promote graft acceptance. www.a-s-t.org /abstracts97/cg195299.htm   (422 words)

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