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Topic: Allyl

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	Allyl isothiocyanate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Allyl isothiocyanate is the chemical compound responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish and wasabi.
		Allyl isothiocyanate serves the plant as a defense against herbivores; since it is harmful to the plant itself, it is stored in the harmless form of the glucosinolate, separate from the myrosinase enzyme.
		Synthetic allyl isothiocyanate is used as an insecticide, as an animal repellant, to denature alcohol, and as a topical anesthetic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allyl_isothiocyanate (269 words)

	Allyl alcohol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Allyl alcohol can be obtained by hydrolysis of allyl chloride or by oxidation of propylene oxide with potassium alum at high temperature or by a dehydration reaction with propanol or by reaction of glycerol and formic acid.
		Allyl alcohol is the smallest representative of the allylic alcohols.
		Allyl alcohols can be prepared by allylic oxidation of allyl compounds by for instance selenium dioxide.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allyl_alcohol (199 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5118889 - Process for preparing allyl chloride - June 2, 1992
		Allyl chloride is used commercially as the starting material in the manufacture of epichlorohydrin and glycerine.
		Generally, in the separation zone, the pyrolysis effluent is cooled by a quench column prior to passage of the effluent to a scrubber to remove the acid generated during the pyrolysis reaction.
		In a catalytic oxychlorination process, allyl chloride is prepared by the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen chloride with propylene in the presence of an oxychlorination catalyst at a temperature effective to produce allyl chloride.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5118889.html (5174 words)

	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1960 Issue 4 - 001
		Except for the screening allyl test, which may be carried out at any time of day, the allyl tests and the placebo tests must be administered on all occasions and to all patients in the same time relationship (2 hours) to the preceding dose of analgetic.
		The nalorphine doses in some of the screening allyl tests and of subsequent routine allyl tests were reduced as an added element of safety, because in some instances the antagonist doses used in accordance with the original plan precipitated rather severe side reactions, such as marked anxiety, dysphoria, shakiness and others.
		In the screening allyl tests, 3 mg of nalorphine were administered, with the exception of one subject who received three fractional doses of the antagonist (1, 3 and 5 mg) at intervals of 25 minutes.
	www.unodc.org /unodc/en/bulletin/bulletin_1960-01-01_4_page002.html (7319 words)

	Allyl chloride (CASRN 107-05-1), IRIS, Environmental Protection Agency (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Allyl chloride at a concentration of 1 mM induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in HeLa cells (Schiffman et al., 1983).
		Allyl chloride epoxide is epichlorohydrin, a nasal carcinogen for rats by inhalation and a probable human carcinogen, although the likelihood of formation of this metabolite is unknown.
		The pathology of allyl chloride neurotoxicity in mice.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0387.htm (5248 words)

	716. Allyl esters (allyl hexanoate, allyl heptanoate, and allyl isovalerate) (WHO Food Additives Series 28)
		Hydrolysis of allyl isovalerate by liver homogenates in vitro proceeds at a slower rate than allyl esters of straight chain acids (Butterworth et al., 1975; Drake, 1975) and the hepatotoxicity of a number of allyl esters was correlated to the rate of hydrolysis to allyl alcohol (see also Short-term Studies).
		The same metabolite was identified after dosing with allyl alcohol or acrolein and, by comparison of the percentage conversion after administration of these compounds or allyl esters of weak acids, it may be concluded that the esters were completely hydrolysed to allyl alcohol and that most of the alcohol was converted to acrolein (Kaye, 1973).
		Allyl hexanoate Groups of 10 male and 10 female Osborne-Mendel rats were given allyl hexanoate by gavage in corn oil at dose levels of 0, 15, 65 and 100 mg/kg b.w.
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v28je09.htm (6270 words)

	Organic Chemistry at Penn State: Allyl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		The three most important cases to consider are the allyl cation, the allyl radical and the allyl anion.
		In the allyl cation (formed by a hydride abstraction from propene) there are only two π electrons, and only the lowest-energy orbital is occupied.
		The allyl system illustrates the advantages of using the MO description to properly account for the delocalized electrons.
	courses.chem.psu.edu /chem38/mol-gallery/allyl/allyl.html (299 words)

	Production of the acrylates and methacrylates of oxyalkylated allyl alcohol - Patent 4618703
		The alkylene oxide adducts of allyl alcohol of the present invention may be prepared by known methods, for example, by alkoxylation of allyl alcohol at elevated temperatures, generally between about 100.degree.
		Liquid allyl alcohol in an amount of 2,554 parts, is charged to a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a stirrer, thermometer and valve to control introduction of propylene oxide, and is heated to approximately 95.degree.
		In general, the acrylate of propoxylated allyl alcohol (2 moles of propylene oxide) is deemed superior to the acrylate of allyl alcohol in adhesion, scuff- and solvent-resistance, especially on steel substrates.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4618703.html (3216 words)

	Garlic and Cancer Prevention - National Cancer Institute
		A host of studies provide compelling evidence that garlic and its organic allyl sulfur components are effective inhibitors of the cancer process.
		Allyl sulfur compounds, which occur naturally in garlic and onions, make cells vulnerable to the stress created by products of cell division.
		Thus, cancer cells are damaged by the presence of allyl sufur compounds to a much greater extent than normal cells.
	www.nci.nih.gov /newscenter/pressreleases/garlic (686 words)

	Allylchloride \| Technology Transfer Network Air Toxics Web site \| US EPA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Chronic (long-term) exposure to allyl chloride in humans causes injury to the liver and kidneys and the onset of pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs).
		Limited animal studies indicate that exposure to allyl chloride by gavage (placing the chemical experimentally in the stomachs of mice) caused an increase in the incidence of forestomach tumors.
		Allyl chloride is also used in the synthesis of allyl compounds such as allyl alcohol, allyl amines, allyl esters, and polyesters.
	www.epa.gov /ttn/atw/hlthef/allylchl.html (1316 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5124481 - Synthesis of unsymmetric allyl-(alkyl) tellurides - June 23, 1992
		An object of this invention is the new compound allyl methyl telluride.
		Methyl allyl telluride is formed under an inert atmosphere and in dark conditions by reaction between an allyl Grignard and a tellurium/tetrahydrofuran slurry, then subsequent reaction with a methyl halide.
		Methyl allyl telluride is also formed by reaction between a methyl Grignard and a tellurium/tetrahydrofuran slurry, and subsequent reaction with an allyl halide.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5124481.html (1970 words)

	The Organometallic HyperTextBook: Allyl Ligands
		Allyl ligands are ambidentate ligands that can bind in both a monohapto and trihapto form.
		The plane of the allyl ligand is typically tilted away from perpendicular to maximize orbital overlap.
		Allyl ligands can be fluxional on the NMR time scale, but we won't discuss an example here.
	www.ilpi.com /organomet/allyl.html (474 words)

	NTP: Executive Summary Allyl Bromide: Carcinogenic Activity
		Allyl chloride [107-05-1] [a] was mutagenic in an Ames/Salmonella assay.
		The authors suggested that the formation of allyl adducts, especially the promutagenic O6-guanine adduct, clearly indicates that the cancer-initiating potential of these compounds must be considered.
		While the mutagenicity of AB and allyl chloride is decreased by incubation with S9, the mutagenicity of 2,3-dichloro-1-propene is enhanced.
	ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=03DBAA8B-FED9-8399-E6EE9E5C1B897560 (1578 words)

	Last eval.: Allyl Isothiocyanate (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 73, 1999) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Allyl isothiocyanate was tested for carcinogenicity in one experiment in mice and one experiment in rats by oral administration.
		Major sex- and species-related differences in the tissue distribution of allyl isothiocyanate were restricted to the urinary bladder, where higher concentrations of allyl isothiocyanate-derived radiolabel were found in the bladders of male rats than in mice or female rats.
		Allyl isothiocyanate was not teratogenic to mice, rats, hamsters or rabbits, but resorptions were seen in mice and rats.
	www.inchem.org /documents/iarc/vol73/73-01.html (290 words)

	Solvay Chemicals - Products: Allyl Chloride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		Allyl chloride is a chemical intermediate used in many applications.
		The largest allyl chloride market is the manufacture of quaternary ammonium flocculants for raw and potable water clarification.
		Other key chemicals made from allyl chloride include a variety of allylamines which are used for the production of ion exchange resins, polymers, and specialty products.
	www.solvaychemicals.us /AllylChloride.htm (215 words)

	Garlic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is because garlic's strong smelling sulfur compounds are metabolized forming allyl methyl sulfide.
		Allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) cannot be digested and is passed into the blood.
		It is carried to the lungs and the skin where it is excreted.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Garlic (2650 words)

	Spectrum Laboratories : Chemical Fact Sheet - Cas # 107051
		Recognition of allyl chloride in air was at 4.70x10-1 ppm.
		Allyl chloride may be released to the atmosphere during its manufacture and use.
		Humans may be exposed to allyl chloride in occupational atmospheres.
	www.speclab.com /compound/c107051.htm (290 words)

	Biocompare - Product Literature Center
		Increasingly, amino allyl incorporation combined with a secondary dye coupling reaction is used for the generation of probes for array analysis.
		Amino allyl UTP is incorporated during the transcription step to produce amino allyl modified aRNA.
		Also available is the Amino Allyl cDNA Labeling Kit for labeling cDNA for use when the starting RNA sample does not require amplification.
	www.biocompare.com /techart.asp?id=313 (694 words)

	Department of Chemistry at Vanderbilt University
		Ultimately, we intend to have a much fuller appreciation of the possibilities inherent with the coordinated allyl ligand in synthetic, structural, and materials chemistry.
		The marked geometric alterations associated with the spin state changes also suggest that there may be useful variations in the reactivity of the complexes, a possibility we are investigating.
		The role of alkali metal cations in MMA polymerization initiated by neutral and anionic allyl lanthanide complexes.
	www.vanderbilt.edu /AnS/Chemistry/faculty/bio.php?ID=19 (935 words)

	DuPont Polymer Specialties - Allyl HFIP
		Allyl Hexafluoroisopropanol (Allyl HFIP) is a specialty fluorochemical used in novel polymers.
		Allyl HFIP is a new product from DuPont, used in specialty polymers.
		Allyl HFIP is a strong irritant, and may be corrosive to skin and eyes on contact.
	www.dupont.com /polymerspecialties/allyl.html (124 words)

	NTP: Executive Summary Allyl Alcohol & Allyl Acetate
		(1969) Observations on the metabolism of allyl compounds in the rat.
		Jaeschke, H., Kleinwaechter, C. and Wendel, A. (1987) The role of acrolein in allyl alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation and liver cell damage in mice.
		Jenkinson, P.C. and Anderson, D. (1990) Malformed foetuses and karyotype abnormalities in the offspring of cyclophosphamide and allyl alcohol-treated male rats.
	ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=03DBBE33-DBED-8F16-48D8D8C6696FFC76 (1512 words)

	Allyl chloride [factsheet]
		* The major effects from chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure to allyl chloride in humans is liver and kidney damage, which were reversible after the cessation or minimization of exposure.
		* Allyl chloride is an alkylating agent and structurally related to probable human carcinogens.
		* Allyl chloride is also used in the synthesis of allyl compounds such as allyl alcohol, allyl amines, allyl esters, and polyesters.
	www.lakes-environmental.com /toxic/ALLYL_CHLORIDE.HTML (935 words)

	Alkylations of N-allyl-2-lithiopyrrolidines. Several analogies to reactions of N-methyl compounds and one surprise
		To complete the reaction sequence, we used Wilkinson's catalyst to remove the allyl group[15] for selected examples, as shown in Scheme 5.
		There are some limitations to this protocol: one is that the allyl group removal fails for N-allylpyrrolidines having a hydroxyl group in the 2-substituent (i.e.
		The other is that removal of the allyl group for the compound with the hex-5'-enyl substituent is accompanied by some double bond migration in the side chain.
	www.ch.ic.ac.uk /ectoc/echet96/papers/081 (1113 words)

	Synthesis of 4-allyl-pyrocatechol (3,4-dihydroxyallylbenzene) - [www.rhodium.ws]
		The allyl ether must be vacuum distilled under a good vacuum (at least 25 mmHg), or else it will rearrange.
		100g Pyrocatechol (0.9 mol), 100g allyl chloride (1.3 mol), 15g NaI (0.1 mol) and 106g Na (0.77 mol) was refluxed in anhydrous acetone to give a 75% yield of pyrocatechol monoallyl ether, bp 81°C/1.5 mmHg.
		In ethanol the reaction only gave approximately 45%, as did it in propanol (without the NaI), and in propanol with the NaI added the yield was 68%.
	www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/allylpyrocatechol.html (591 words)

	Ambion: Amino Allyl Labeling for Array Analysis
		Coupling of Cy3 or Cy5 dyes to the amino allyl cDNA or aRNA, post-synthesis, results in probe populations with equivalent labeling efficiencies.
		The Amino Allyl cDNA Labeling Kit contains all the necessary reagents (except monoreactive Cy dyes) for the synthesis of amino allyl labeled cDNA by reverse transcription and subsequent Cy dye coupling.
		Amino allyl UTP can be incorporated into the transcription step of this procedure to produce amino allyl labeled RNA ready for Cy dye coupling.
	www.ambion.com /techlib/resources/arrays/labeling.html (352 words)

	ARS Project: BIOAVAILABILITY AND METABOLISM OF ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATES (410169) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		The purpose of this agreement is to characterize the biological response to dietary exposure to naturally occurring dietary constituents, allyl isothiocyanates (AITC).
		The proposed studies will compare the availability and metabolism of AITC from various food sources and contrast the response in terms of ability to reduce DNA damage and to monitor genetic and proteomic expression changes resulting from dietary exposure.
		Healthy adults will be assigned to treatments consisting of varying amounts and/or types of allyl isothiocyanate-rich foods (cruciferous vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, cabbage, Wasabi) or commercially available extracts containing allyl isothiocyanates.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/projects/projects.htm?accn_no=410169 (200 words)

	Ambion Amino Allyl aRNA Labeling Kit - Biocompare Product Review
		Instead of directly incorporating florescently labeled dNTPs (Cy3 and Cy5-dNTPs) by reverse transcription, the Amino Allyl kit conjugates dNTPs to a reactive primary amine (amino allyl-dUTP) which is then incorporated into cDNA by reverse transcriptase.
		The Ambion Amino Allyl cDNA Labeling Kit comes with all the reagents required for labeling cDNA, except for the fluorescent Cy3 and Cy5 (mono-reactive NHS-esters) dyes and ethanol.
		Although we have not tried incorporating Cy-dNTPs directly, we have told by others that making the amino allyl cDNA (then coupling that to Cy dye) is a more effective and consistent way to produce fluorophore labeled cDNA.
	www.biocompare.com /prorev.asp?profrevid=176 (604 words)

	Allyl alcohol - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Allyl alcohol - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information
		There may be other diseases and chemicals that have similar symptoms.
		Sorry, no water quality standards or criteria have been established for this chemical by the U.S. or Canadian governments; however, there may be criteria established for related chemicals.
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC33892 (765 words)

	Glyme, Butyl Glymes, Allyl Methyl Polyglycols, Crown Ethers Replacement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-29)
		These polyglycol allyl methyl ethers or polyglycol diallyl ethers contain one or two functional groups (double bond).
		The A stands for the allyl group at one end and the M stands for the methyl or second allyl group on the other end of the polyglycol chain.
		The final producs are used as polyurethane foam stabilizers, silicone surfactants, silicone defoamers, air release additives, and generally as additives for coatings and paints.
	www.glymes.com /description.php (845 words)

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