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Topic: Allyl chloride

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	Allyl chloride (CASRN 107-05-1), IRIS, Environmental Protection Agency
		Allyl chloride at a concentration of 1 mM induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in HeLa cells (Schiffman et al., 1983).
		Allyl chloride epoxide is epichlorohydrin, a nasal carcinogen for rats by inhalation and a probable human carcinogen, although the likelihood of formation of this metabolite is unknown.
		The pathology of allyl chloride neurotoxicity in mice.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0387.htm (5248 words)

	Allyl Chloride (Vol36) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Allyl chloride has been produced commercially since 1945 and is used almost exclusively as a chemical intermediate, principally in the production of epichlorohydrin.
		Allyl chloride has been tested for carcinogenicity by intragastric intubation in mice and rats, by skin application in mice, both by repeated application and in a two-stage assay, and by intraperitoneal injection in mice.
		Allyl chloride caused DNA damage in bacteria, and was mutagenic to bacteria and fungi.
	monographs.iarc.fr /htdocs/monographs/vol36/allylchloride.html (228 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0040092759 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The process of claim 13 wherein the olefinic chloride is allyl chloride, the ethoxysilane is triethoxysilane, the cumulative mole ratio of triethoxysilane to allyl chloride is from about 1.6 to about 2.3, the reaction temperature is from about 70 to about 80.degree.
		3,795,656, a 70% yield was obtained for the Pt-catalyzed hydrosilation reaction of allyl chloride and triethoxysilane.
		Moreover, the obtained yield is significantly higher than that reported for the platinum-catalyzed reaction of triethylsilane with allyl chloride, which is maximized by the addition of allyl chloride, necessarily containing trichlorosilane as a hydrosilation promoter, to the triethylsilane.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040092759".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040092759&RS=DN/20040092759 (4659 words)

	Allyl chloride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Allyl chloride, or 3-chloropropene, is a very toxic and highly flammable clear liquid with chemical formula CH
		It is also used in thermosetting resins and in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and pesticides.
		Allyl chloride is prepared by the reaction of propylene with chlorine gas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allyl_chloride (98 words)

	EPA - Air Toxics Website - Allylchloride
		Chronic (long-term) exposure to allyl chloride in humans causes injury to the liver and kidneys and the onset of pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs).
		Allyl chloride is also used in the synthesis of allyl compounds such as allyl alcohol, allyl amines, allyl esters, and polyesters.
		Limited animal studies indicate that exposure to allyl chloride by gavage (placing the chemical experimentally in the stomachs of mice) caused an increase in the incidences of a rare forestomach tumor.
	www.epa.gov /ttn/atw/hlthef/allylchl.html (1308 words)

	Allyl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An allyl group is an alkene hydrocarbon group with the formula H
		C=CH-CH Compounds containing the allyl group are often referred to as being allylic.
		Two examples of simple allyl compounds are allyl chloride and allyl alcohol.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allyl (182 words)

	NTP: Abstract for TR-73 - Allyl Chloride
		Allyl chloride is an extremely useful chemical intermediate since it can react both as an organic halide and as an olefin.
		Most derivatives of allyl chloride do not reach on end-use market themselves, but are part of further syntheses.
		Allyl chloride in corn oil was administered by gavage to two groups of each species for 5 days a week for 78 weeks, followed by observation periods of 30 to 33 weeks for the rats and 14 weeks for the mice.
	ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov /ntpweb/index.cfm?objectid=0703AAFF-AF69-7A14-6A57EFD04BA725BB (564 words)

	TECHNOLOGIES - Epichlorohydrin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Epichlorohydrine and allyl chloride were awarded with many medals on international fairs and exhibitions of inventions and new technologies in Geneva, Hong Kong, Brussels, Moscow, Beijing and Seoul.
		Epichlorohydrin is produced from allyl chloride, chlorine and water with the use of milk of lime in a two-stage reaction.
		Allyl chloride from the intermediate tanks is directed to the circulation loop of the alkyl chloride chlorohydroxylation reactor.
	www.icso.com.pl /en/Processes/epi.htm (502 words)

	Resins and Versatics - Allyl chloride
		Allyl chloride (3-chloropropene) is a colorless, mobile liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.
		A wide variety of compounds may be formed from allyl chloride by addition to the olefinic double bond or by reaction of the chloride radical or both.
		Important intermediates derived from allyl chloride are glycerol chlorohydrins, epichlorohydrin, glycerol and glycidyl ethers, allylamines, and allyl ethers of trimethylolpropane.
	www.resins.com /resins/am/products/AC.html (212 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		2-dichloropropane principally to allyl chloride and 1-chloropropenes with
		Most preferably, X is chloride and M is lanthanum, and the rare earth halide is lanthanum chloride, which optionally can be mixed with other rare earth chlorides.
		The process of Claim 6 wherein M is lanthanum, X is chloride, and the rare earth halide is lanthanum chloride.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/38275.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4949 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		catalyst comprising copper (I) (or cuprous) chloride and ammonium chloride.
		At this time, the allyl alcohol which has been consumed in the reaction was calculated from the difference between the amount of the allyl alcohol before the reaction, and the amount thereof after the reaction.
		Comparative Example 2: Etherification reaction of allyl alcohol The procedure was repeated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 54.3 g (603 mmol) of copper (I) chloride and 32.2 g (603 mmol) of ammonium chloride were used instead of the copper (II) chloride dihydrate.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=03/106024.031224&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (9509 words)

	Solvay Chemicals - Products: Allyl Chloride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Allyl chloride is a chemical intermediate used in many applications.
		The most important derivative of allyl chloride is epichlorohydrin, which is produced captively and is mainly used for epoxy resin production.
		The largest allyl chloride market is the manufacture of quaternary ammonium flocculants for raw and potable water clarification.
	www.solvaychemicals.us /AllylChloride.htm (215 words)

	Chapter 5 - The Main Precursors
		In the case of allyl alcohol where the alcohol is prepared by the chemist, the great excess of alcohol in the preceding procedure and the savings of halide salts may not be justified.
		Ethyl chloride boils at 12.3 C so place ice in the collection flask to help it to condense along with an external ice bath so ice can be added..
		Allyl iodide boils at 102 C at 744 mm Hg.
	www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/tcboe/chapter4.html (2794 words)

	ChemAlliance Case Study: Recovery of Unconverted Allyl Chloride from Epichlorohydrin Production Reduces Waste (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		In the second phase, not all of the allyl chloride is converted to EPI.
		In the past, the unconverted allyl chloride became part of the chloro-organic wastes and was incinerated in a special furnace.
		Trial runs confirmed that substantial amounts of allyl chloride present in the chloro-organic wastes can be recovered in an existing distillation column and reused in the EPI production process.
	www.chemalliance.org /Handbook/plant/case_study.asp?CSID=247 (202 words)

	ALLYL BROMIDE CASRN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Allyl bromide's water solubility of 3835 mg/l indicates that bioconcentration and adsorption to sediment are not expected to be important in aquatic systems.
		Volatilization of allyl bromide is expected from moist and dry soils based on an estimated vapor pressure of 136 mm Hg at 25 deg C(4) and an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.011 atm-cu m/mole(5).
		Allyl bromide's water solubility of 3835 mg/l(5) indicates that aquatic bioconcentration and adsorption to sediment are not expected to be important(SRC).
	www.frankmckinnon.com /allyl_bromide_casrn.htm (4628 words)

	Spectrum Laboratories : Chemical Fact Sheet - Cas # 107051
		Recognition of allyl chloride in air was at 4.70x10-1 ppm.
		Allyl chloride may be released to the atmosphere during its manufacture and use.
		Humans may be exposed to allyl chloride in occupational atmospheres.
	www.speclab.com /compound/c107051.htm (290 words)

	Novel 2-substituted 3-sulfopropyl-ammonium betaines and processes for making same - Patent 4687602
		Since in the absence of allyl compounds peroxo disulfates with hydrogen sulfites react into sulfates in a generally known redoxreaction, it could not be expected that allyl double compounds would subject to a quantitative vicinal difunctionalisation with a high selectivity and yield.
		Long chain substituted allyl ammonium salts result in sulfobetaine sulfonates with tenside characteristics, which in the described mode of operation precipitate from the reaction mixture and can be easily isolated and may be recovered in pure form.
		The procedure of example 47 was followd and pentadeca fluoro octanoyl amido ethyl-dimethyl-allyl ammonium chloride, which was made from the pentadeca fuoro octanoic acid chloride, dimethyl ethylene diamine and allyl chloride, was reacted quantitative into crystalline sulfobetaine sulfonate from melting point 248.degree.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4687602.html (6715 words)

	Efficient allylation of carbonyl compounds with allyl chlorides in water (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Allyl chlorides, which are cheaper and more stable than allyl bromidse, are hardly effective.
		Moreover, the allylation with crotyl chloride gave the corresponding adducts in excellent yields regardless of whether the substrate is an aldehyde or a ketone (entries 15-19, Table 2).
		Only a few examples with allyl bromide were reported, in which the corresponding allylations hardly took place or gave the corresponding adducts in low yields and the reactions took long time.
	www.arkat-usa.org /ark/journal/2004/I09_Yuan/CY-1131L/CY-1131L.asp (2504 words)

	Allyl chloride [factsheet]
		* The major effects from chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure to allyl chloride in humans is liver and kidney damage, which were reversible after the cessation or minimization of exposure.
		* Allyl chloride is an alkylating agent and structurally related to probable human carcinogens.
		* Allyl chloride is also used in the synthesis of allyl compounds such as allyl alcohol, allyl amines, allyl esters, and polyesters.
	www.lakes-environmental.com /toxic/ALLYL_CHLORIDE.HTML (935 words)

	NDCRT Home Page
		In addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and safety hazards of Allyl Chloride to potentially exposed workers.
		It is not known whether Allyl Chloride causes lung damage.
		* Keep Allyl Chloride out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the buildup of explosive concentrations.
	www.ndcrt.org /data/EPA_Chemical_Fact_Sheets/Allyl-Chloride.html (1677 words)

	APAG - Fatty Acids & Glycerine - Glycerine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The first synthetic glycerol was produced in 1943 by I.G. Farben in Oppau and Heydebreck and in 1948 by Shell in Houston, Texas.
		The allyl chloride produced is oxidized with hypochlorite to dichlorohydrin, which is converted without isolation to epichlorohydrin [106-89-8] by ring closure with calcium or sodium hydroxide (® Epoxides, A 9, p.
		This aqueous glycerol solution containing sodium chloride is evaporated in a multistage evaporation plant under vacuum to a glycerol concentration of > 75 %; precipitated sodium chloride is separated at the same time (Fig.
	www.apag.org /oleo/glycerine.htm (335 words)

	Chapter 5 - The Main Precursors
		A mixture of 100ml methylene chloride and 500ml dimethylsulphoxide is stirred and heated to 125-130°C in a reflux setup on an oil bath.
		In a modification to this this procedure, hydrogen cyanide and zinc chloride are generated in the reaction mixture.
		Benzyl chloride + magnesium to yield the grignard reagent.
	www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/tcboe/chapter5.html (6342 words)

	TECHNOLOGIES - Allyl Chloride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Epichlorohydrin, allyl alcohol, trimethylolpropane di-allyl ether as additive for resins (flooring), di-allyl, di-methyl ammonium chloride (polyelectrolite for water treatment), pentaerythritol triallylether.
		Dry gaseous hydrogen chloride can be produced from the allyl chloride plant instead of hydrochloric acid.
		Allyl chloride was awarded with many medals on international fairs and exhibitions of inventions and new technologies in Geneva, Hong Kong, Moscow, Beijing and Seoul.
	www.icso.com.pl /en/Processes/allyl.htm (346 words)

	Allyl Chloride, Allyl Chloride Manufacturers Suppliers Exporters of Allyl Chloride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Engaged in exporting industrial chemicals like allyl chloride, ammonium persulphate, benzoyl chloride, butyl cellosolve, phosphoric acid, potassium persulphate and stearic acid used in Indian aggarbatties, incense sticks and fragrance sticks.
		Sellers of lchloropropane, allyl chloride, precipitated & colloidal silica, bromobenzene, precipitated calcium silicate and aluminium silicate, light and heavy mangesium- oxide and carbonate and trisilicate.
		Sellers of allyl chloride, propionic acid, propionic anhydride, butyric acid, isobutyric acid and iso propyl alcohol.
	www.indianchemicalportal.com /allyl-chloride.html (349 words)

	Nonisothermal PFR Problem
		This set of ordinary differential equations is solved subject to the initial conditions, when they are known, as in the example that follows.
		Allyl chloride is to be produced in a 25-ft long 2 in-ID tube operating as a PFR.
		The feed is a 4:1 molar ratio of propylene to chlorine and it enters at a feed rate of 0.85 lbmole/hr, 2 atm of pressure, and 392°F. The reactor pressure may be assumed constant.
	www.che.utexas.edu /reactor/modules/nonisopfr_prob.html (351 words)

	EPICHLOROHYDRIN (AroKor Holdings Inc.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This compound will react violently with strong oxidants, anhydrous metal halides, strong acids and bases, alcohols, phenols, amines (especially aniline) and metals such as zinc and aluminium.
		Epichlorohydrin, called also chloropropylene oxide, is prepared from propene, which is chlorinated to allyl chloride.
		The allyl chloride is the feed to yield glycerol chlorohydrins, which produce epichlorohydrin under dehydrochlorination with alkali.
	www.chemicalland21.com /petrochemical/EPICHLOROHYDRIN.htm (382 words)

	Haz-Map: Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents
		In acute inhalation exposure studies at concentrations varying from 200 to 2000 ppm, dose dependent kidney damage is observed in rat and mice; Kidney and peripheral nerve injury is observed in mice given 300-500 mg/kg orally 3 times a week for 2-17 weeks.
		Peripheral neuropathy was reported in 53% of factory workers chronically exposed to allyl chloride.
		The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Deichmann and Gerarde [1969] that a 1-hour exposure to 300 ppm might cause serious effects.
	hazmap.nlm.nih.gov /cgi-bin/hazmap_generic?tbl=TblAgents&id=284 (172 words)

	ALLYL CHLORIDE
		The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.
		under the influence of different metals, metal chlorides and sulfuric acid
		On combustion, forms toxic and corrosive fumes (hydrogen chloride - see ICSC # 0163).
	www.itcilo.it /actrav/actrav-english/telearn/osh/ic/107051.htm (515 words)

	DFT Computational Study of the Mechanism of Allyl Chloride Carbonylation Catalyzed by Palladium Complexes
		DFT Computational Study of the Mechanism of Allyl Chloride Carbonylation Catalyzed by Palladium Complexes
		A theoretical DFT (B3LYP) investigation on the carbonylation reaction of allyl chloride catalyzed by Cl Pd(PH is discussed.
		In the presence of high CO pressures, it initiates an alternative pathway that can be competitive with the main
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/orgnd7/2005/24/i09/abs/om049301y.html (174 words)

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