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	Alma Mahler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alma Maria Mahler (August 31, 1879 – December 11, 1964), noted in her native Vienna for her beauty and intelligence, was the wife, successively, of one of the century's leading composers (Gustav Mahler), architects (Walter Gropius), and novelists (Franz Werfel).
		Alma and Gropius's daughter, Manon (1916-1935), died of polio in 1935, aged eighteen.
		After Werfel's death in 1945, Alma moved back to New York where she was a major cultural figure until her death in 1964.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alma_Mahler (488 words)

	About (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma Mahler was born in 1879 as the daughter of the Viennese landscape painter Emil Jakob Schindler.
		Alma grew up in a privileged environment; Gustav Klimt, Burgtheater director Max Burckhard and composer Alexander Zemlinsky (who was her composer tutor) are among the people who were in and out of her parents' house.
		The price Alma paid for being married to the man who held the most powerful position in the Viennese music scene as the director of the Royal Opera was high; she had to give up all her aspirations as a composer, as Mahler wished her to be a simple housewife and mother.
	www.theyeatfish.ch /Unterseiten/people/alma_mahler.htm (577 words)

	Alma Mahler -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Resenting this, Alma began an affair with the (A German style of architecture begun by Walter Gropius in 1918) Bauhaus architect (United States architect (born in Germany) and founder of the Bauhaus school (1883-1969)) Walter Gropius.
		For two years, Alma had an affair with artist (additional info and facts about Oskar Kokoschka) Oskar Kokoschka, who painted his Bride of the Wind to represent their love.
		Alma and Gropius's daughter, Manon (1916-1935), died of (An acute viral disease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cord) polio in 1935, aged seventeen.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/al/alma_mahler.htm (386 words)

	Schindler Alma English
		From turn-of-the-century Vienna to the America of the 1960s, where she used to hold court like a fallen monarch in exile, the film «Almlma» is to shed light on all stages of her path through life, a life in which the cultural history of half a century is reflected.
		Alma, on the other hand, would be forgotten today were it not for her men.
		For the most intimate aspects of Alma´s life are also entirely representative of the life of one of the most important women of the day, a monument to the extraordinary things in life.
	www.maurice-abravanel.com /schindler_alma_english.html (2019 words)

	Movies Other\| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma Maria Schindler had the kind of extraordinary life that should be perfect for a film.
		The truth is less uplifting: Alma appears to have written just one composition after Mahler’s death, and though she certainly had talent, the 16 songs she’s left have made it onto just a handful of recordings, as opposed to the thousands of Mahler discs.
		The real Alma Schindler wasn’t a great composer, but she was the bride of inspiration, an intelligent, ineffable, one-of-a-kind woman who deserves a better movie.
	www.bostonphoenix.com /boston/movies/reviews/documents/01683469.htm (435 words)

	UKAuthors - Alma Mahler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma Schindler Mahler Gropius Werfel was born in Vienna on August 31, 1879.
		Alma composed Lieder (songs) and instrumental pieces as well as starting work on an opera, and by the time she was 22, she had already published 16 songs.
		Alma Mahler was the type of woman who had wanted to achieve fame by virtue of her own work, but she was also prepared to surround herself with famous men.
	www.ukauthors.com /article1679.html (650 words)

	Mahler, Alma Schindler Music Web Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma Mahler Werfel - Her life is the focus of the play Alma a Venezia, set in multiple rooms, and allowing the audience to participate.
		Alma - Examination of the life of Gustav Mahler's widow, especially in a motion picture.
		Alma Mahler - Poem by Tom Lehrer takes a humorous look at her three marriages and unknown number of affairs.
	www.searchmusicnetwork.com /Composition_Composers_M_Mahler,_Alma_Schindler.html (1882 words)

	Penn Special Collections - Music/Mahler-Werfel
		A central figure in Viennese cultural life at the turn of the last century, Alma Mahler (-Gropius-Werfel,) was the daughter of the Viennese landscape painter Emil Schindler and served as muse for many artists, including Oskar Kokoschka and Gustav Klimt.
		Alma Schindler's Tagebücher cover a four-year period, from January 1898 through January 1902, ending shortly before her marriage to Gustav Mahler in March of that year.
		Alma Mahler Werfel was one of many of Schönberg's friends and colleagues who campaigned for an increase in the royalty fees the composer received for performances of his works.
	www.library.upenn.edu /exhibits/rbm/music/alma.html (474 words)

	ipedia.com: Alma Mahler Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma Mahler, noted in her native Vienna for her beauty and intelligence, was the wife, successively, of one of the century's leading composers, architects, and novelists.
		The terms of this marriage were that Alma would forego her own artistic interests in painting and music.
		Alma and Gropius's daughter, Manon, died of polio in 1935.
	www.ipedia.com /alma_mahler.html (488 words)

	Alma Mahler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma Mahler kept by Franz Werfel’s side and also followed him to United States when the seizing of power by the Nazis and the prohibition of his works made it impossible for Jewish intellectuals to stay (and survive).
		Alma was then 66 years old, and moved to New York and even made yet another marriage, this time with an obscure theologian, before she died at high age in 1964.
		Alma Mahler was on one hand a femme fatale, who twisted the head of some of the most influenced artists in Central Europe whom she picked out of the catalogue of fame, and on the other hand she was a free erotic authority that delivered others talents.
	www.thefab.net /nakidgrrrlz/gw27_alma_mahler.htm (901 words)

	Historical Settings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma's Diaries from 1898-1902 also allude to earlier encounters, e.g., while bike riding in the Salzkammergut, and to Alma's admiration for Mahler as the eminent conductor of the Court Opera, but not an admirer of his music.
		Anna suspected that Alma was suffering under the spell of the magnetism of "the musician" Mahler.
		In spite of being an incurable flirt, and a "collector of men," Alma remained true to Gustav until the summer of 1910 and her torrid affair with Walter Gropius (which she whitewashed in her memoirs), but that is another story told in the booklet of the MahlerFest CD recording of the Tenth Symphony.
	www.mahlerfest.org /2001/essay.htm (2344 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: The Diaries, 1898-1902 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma Mahler was born in Vienna in 1879.
		As the daughter of the landscape painter Emile Schindler, she was afforded easy entrance into the cultural life of the city; it seems that by the time these diaries open there was no part of the artistic, musical, literary, and theatrical life in fin-de-siècle Vienna with which Alma was not intimately connected.
		Alma Schindler is 18, beautiful, musically talented and besieged by beaus from the cultural elite of Vienna as her surviving diary opens.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0801436540 (1492 words)

	'Bride of the Wind'
		Alma Schindler's men constituted a rich diet, indeed, and so does this lush periodic piece about her life.
		For better or worse, in sickness and in health, Alma was a dutiful spouse, mother and money manager until disaffection -- in the catalytic form of Gropius -- got the best of her.
		Vincent Perez is terrific as the jealous, volatile artist whose "Bride of the Wind" masterpiece canvas depicts Alma and himself in a central sexual oasis, surrounded by tempests and torrents.
	www.post-gazette.com /movies/20010629bride0629p8.asp (569 words)

	Austria. Europe with a Difference
		Alma was the daughter of the academic councilor and court painter Jakob Emil Schindler (1842-1892).
		Alma studied composition under Alexander von Zemlinsky and was in literary contact with the then director of the Burgtheater Max Burghardt.
		In 1915, Alma married the German architect and founder of the “Staatliche Bauhaus" in Weimar, Walter Gropius (1883-1969), whose acquaintance she made in 1910.
	www.austria-tourism.at /kultur_detail...2.html?id=41694&_h=kultur&_hm=31462&_um=&_b=c1&_ks=1&_lb=33985 (350 words)

	Mahler, Alma (1879-1964)
		But after Alma's mother had discovered that Klimt had actually kissed her the affair was put to an end.
		Alma now started an affair with the painter Kokoschka, who portrayed her at his painting "Die Windsbraut" ("The Bride of the Wind") in 1914.
		The grave of Alma Mahler at the Grinzinger Friedhof, Vienna.
	www.xs4all.nl /~androom/biography/p023553.htm (269 words)

	Gustav Mahler
		She had the reputation of being the most beautiful girl in Vienna, and several prominent artists had been or were in love with her (such as Gustav Klimt, who was present at the party and had been madly in love with her pursuing her through half o Europe when she was only 16).
		Alma was pregnant before the wedding, and their first daughter "Maria Anna" ("Putzi"), was born November 3, 1902.
		Despite Alma's love ambivalence, she never left Mahler, and was at his side to the date of his death.
	www.expreso.co.cr /centaurs/posts/bio/mahler.html (1438 words)

	Zemlinsky und Alma Mahler-Werfel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		After Alma had shown him some of her songs, he regularly frequented the house of Alma’s stepfather Carl Moll as her teacher of composition.
		Alma admired Zemlinsky’s music and intellect and fell for his great erotic charisma but could never come to terms with his appearance and his “lowly” background, especially not in public, which was so important for her and towards her parents who from the beginning did not accept Zemlinsky.
		For his part Zemlinsky adored Alma but felt nauseated by the vanity of the salon and “by the cliques of sclerotic souls” (Zemlinsky) of the people she associated with.
	www.zemlinsky.at /page_e/cont_bez/muse_e.html (414 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma, having just broken up a tempestuous affair with Alexander Zemlinsky, another composer/conductor, to pursue her relationship with Mahler, whom she was to marry, admired and was in awe of the Vienna opera director more than she was in love with him.
		Alma, later married to architect Walter Gropius and novelist Franz Werfel (also Jewish) was opinionated and eventually became an outspoken Anti-Semite, which was not altogether surprising considering the intellectual Viennese circle in which she was brought up.
		It was Alma's job to make sure that the Maestro was able to compose in absolute silence, and it is here where her diary first exhibits signs of impatience with her passive and supportive role in life, and with her marriage as a whole.
	www.austria.org /oct95/gustav.htm (1297 words)

	Alma Mahler.: an original but unfulfilled composer?
		Alma approached the poems she set to music with marvellous sensitivity and understanding.
		It appears in all its metamorphoses—sensuous in “Laue Sommernacht,” secret in “Bei dir ist es traut,” infinite in “Lobgesang.” Perhaps she was mourning for something she did not possess and was attempting to fill the void through her music.
		Alma may have been influenced by others, but she managed fairly quickly to define her own style, based on sensitivity and her skilfully innovative harmonics.
	www.scena.org /lsm/sm6-10/Mahler-en.html (483 words)

	Bride of the Wind Review - June 2001
		Alma Schindler's life is highlighted during Vienna's golden age of artistic and musical achievement at the turn of the century.
		The film then moves on to the widowed Alma living in the shadow of Mahler as she develops relationships with architect Walter Gropius, expressionist painter Oskar Kokoschka and poet and novelist Franz Werfel.
		It's interesting to note that Oskar indeed had a lifelike doll made which he paraded around town with and he was quite taken with Alma's ruby glass-beaded necklace, which he often wore around his neck, and which was later stored in one of his mother's potted plants when he left for the war.
	www.vincentperez.com /botwreview.html (570 words)

	MAHLER
		It's mostly about her nine-year marriage to Mahler (1902-11), when she was only 22 and he 20 years older, but also about a passionate three-year affair with the Expressionist painter Oskar Kokoschka that began (officially) a year after Mahler's death; and her final marriage (1929-45) to the novelist-playwright Franz Werfel.
		Odd, Alma Schindler was a typical, turn-of-the-century, Viennese anti-semite, yet two of her three husbands were Jewish, while she embraced ecumenism.
		According to Werfel, "Alma's mad last fling" - in 1934, at the age of 55 - was with a 38-year-old priest, Johannes Hollsteiner, who was rumored to be the next Cardinal of Vienna "after Msgr.
	classicalcdreview.com /gmbride.htm (659 words)

	miaminewtimes.com \| \| Film \| More Is Less \| 2001-06-14
		In the annals of social change, Alma Schindler is strictly small potatoes, and Bruce Beresford's new biopic, Bride of the Wind, unwittingly threatens to erase her altogether.
		As it is, Alma comes off not as a courageous trailblazer but as an indiscriminate adventuress afflicted with a short attention span -- the same picture the gossipmongers of her own day painted.
		When painter Kokoschka (Vincent Perez), distraught because Alma has abandoned him, stumbles into a friend's dining room with a painted scarecrow effigy of her as his date, an uncharitable thought springs to mind: This new Alma is just as convincing as the one we've been watching for an hour.
	www.miaminewtimes.com /issues/2001-06-14/film.html (885 words)

	HeadlineMuse.com/Int'l Cinema-Bride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The theme is based on the life of Alma Schindler (Sarah Wynter), once called “the most beautiful woman in Vienna,”; as a wife and muse to composer Gustav Mahler (Jonathan Pryce), lover to painter Oskar Kokoschka (Vincent Perez), lover then wife to architect Walter Gropius (Simon Verhoeven) and to writer Franz Werfel (Gregor Seberg).
		Alma's influence on these great artists of the turn of the century is left in embryonic form.
		Although she lived in a time where a woman's artistic talents were more or less repressed and confined to the salon and to the education and nurturing of her family, the muse or daimon she incarnates does not recognize these issues.
	www.headlinemuse.com /moviereviews/bride.htm (770 words)

	sandiego.citysearch.com > Generic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Alma is shown as a yearning free spirit who got stuck being a man trap.
		Alma is herself infected by that moral illness, despite marrying two Jewish men (Mahler, Werfel).
		We worry about Alma's often bewildered daughter, and are not surprised to find that she later married five times.
	entertainment.signonsandiego.com /profile/184390?p=1 (561 words)

	Articles about the IU School of Music
		He was in the early stages of his marriage to the talented and colorful Alma Schindler, his muse, so to speak.
		He was also superstitious, as was Alma, who expressed the view that, in writing such a dark score, Gustav was tempting fate.
		Alma said he feared he had unleashed demons.
	www.music.indiana.edu /publicity/press/ArticlesPreviews&Reviews/articles/2004-08/2004-08-01-HTJacobi.htm (806 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Letters of the Composers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		...Though Alma presumably knew early on that her first marriage would likely be her principal claim on posterity, it was not until 1924, thirteen years after Mahler’s death—and at the urging of her third husband—that she published a selection of his letters to her...
		...He fell in love with the twenty-two-year-old Alma in the winter of 1902, married her four months later, and spent the nine remaining years of his life pelting her with letters, cards, and telegrams whenever they were apart for more than a day or two...
		...The editors’ final judgment on Alma is as blunt as it is fair: Were the great men with whom she shared her life mere feathers in her cap, trophies, rather than human beings to be loved for what they were...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V119I2P76-1.htm (2153 words)

	Movie Database - [TV Guide Online] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Born in 1879, the daughter of a landscape painter and a one-time actress, Alma was raised in a cultured household and at a young age became an accomplished pianist with ambitions to compose.
		Equally famous for her beauty and her outspokenness, Alma married Mahler when she was 22 and he was 20 years older, a world-renowned musician with a congenital heart condition.
		That the movie fails to make Alma a vivid presence makes such admittedly bizarre real-life events — like the jilted Kokoschka's commissioning of a life-sized doll in her likeness — seem simply ridiculous, rather than evidence of her compelling relationships with creative and passionate men.
	online.tvguide.com /movies/database/showmovie.asp?MI=42906 (344 words)

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