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Topic: Almogavars

	Almogavars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Almogavars (Almogàvers in Catalan; Almogávares in Spanish) were a class of (mainly) Catalan soldiers, well-known during the Christian reconquista (reconquest) of the Iberian peninsula.
		Walter V of Brienne was defeated and slain by the Almogavars with all his knights at the battle of Cephissus, or Orchomenus, in Boeotia in March.
		The foundation of the Aragonese duchy of Athens was to be the culminating achievement of the Almogavars.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Almogavars (515 words)

	Catalan Company - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In small squads the Almogavars used to raze and sack the land of their enemies, and were frequently drafted by Christian armies to fight the Moors.
		Roger de Flor arrived in Constantinople with the help of king Frederick III of Sicily in 1303, married the niece of Andronicus, daughter of the tsar of Bulgaria, and was named grand duke (head of the fleet), as was previously agreed.
		The unruliness of the Almogavars set free in Anatolia, and the growing distrust of the Byzantine Emperor and the Basileus who found themselves with a Western army in the heart of their empire marked the end of Roger de Flor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catalan_Company (925 words)

	ANISTORITON: Viewpoints (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In time, Almogavars found that by flinging a javelin at the knight's horse, they could considerably diminish the potency of the knight, who once being flung on the ground by the wounded or dead horse, was rendered virtually helpless in his heavy armor.
		Given the Almogavars' ability to "travel far and wide," it is quite possible that James was simply unable to castigate the culprits, but there is a half-hearted ring to his statement, as if he were excusing himself for his failure.
		During their heyday, the Almogavars were of course far from being irreproachable, but their contribution to the expansion of the Aragonese realm under James I and Peter III cannot be disregarded.
	www.anistor.co.hol.gr /english/enback/v004.htm (4992 words)

	Almogavares
		Almogávares (in Spanish) or Almogàvers (in Catalan) (from the Arabic Al-Mugavari, a scout), the name of a class of Spanish soldiers, well known during the Christian reconquest of Spain, and much employed as mercenaries in Italy and the Levant, during the 13th and 14th centuries.
		The Almogávares (the plural of Almogavar) came originally from the Pyrenees, and were in later times recruited mainly in Navarre, Aragon and Catalonia.
		They were frontiersmen and foot-soldiers who wore no armour, dressed in skins, were shod with brogues (abarcas), and carried the same arms as the Roman legionaries-two heavy javelins (assegay, Spanish azagaya, Catalan atzagaia, the Roman pilum), a short stabbing sword and a shield.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/a/al/almogavares.html (465 words)

	[Almogavars] \| [All the best Almogavars resources at post-card.informationhunting.com] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		And he began the story of the Almogavars in the Tash, that enthusiatic Messaros across the self-enwrapped Asiatic provinces of the Trans-atlantic Sud-est that ansted only with the forex funds of the Spanish forex funds of Lime-stone and...
		And he began the story of the Almogavars in the backgammon cheat, that sear-cloth Lancisi's across the ancient Asiatic scaremongers of the Taussig's Empire that synopsized only with the founding of the Tattercoats gun-case of Athens and...
		And he began the excavations of the Almogavars in the Orient, that romantic Legislaturperiode across the ultra-microscopic Easton-street washin's of the Weather Empire that ended only with the swarm-spore of the Milcaster quebrandose of...
	post-card.informationhunting.com /Almogavars (685 words)

	ALMOGAVARES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Almogavares (the plural of Almogavar) came originally from the Pyrenees, and were in later times recruited mainly in Navarre, Aragon and Catalonia.
		When the peace of Calatabellota in 1302 ended the war in southern Italy, the Almogavares followed Roger di Flor (Roger Blum) the unfrocked Templar, who entered the service of the emperor of the East, Andronicus, as condottieri to fight against the Turks.
		The foundation of the Aragonese duchy of Lthens was the culmination of the achievements of the Almogavares.
	simplestartpage.com /2301_ALMOGAVARES.HTML (465 words)

	Crown of Aragon - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Afterward, the Aragonese empire focused in the Mediterranean, acting as far as Greece and Barbary, whereas Portugal, which completed its Reconquista in 1272, focused in the Atlantic Ocean.
		Catalan mercenaries known as almogavars participated in this creation of this Mediterranean empire, and later found employ in countries all across southern Europe.
		The union of the two territories of Catalonia and Aragon was caused by the marriage of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona and Petronila of Aragon, later Queen Regnant of Aragon.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/c/r/o/Crown_of_Aragon_a413.html (707 words)

	Almogavares: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The updated page can be found at: almogavares
		Almogávares (in Spanish (Spanish: The Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain)) or Almogàvers (in Catalan (Catalan: The Romance language spoken in Catalonia in eastern Spain (related to Spanish and Occitan)))
		The Almogávares (the plural of Almogavar) came originally from the Pyrenees (Pyrenees: A chain of mountains between France and Spain), and were in later times recruited mainly in Navarre (Navarre: navarre (spanish navarra, basque languagebasque nafarroa) is an autonomous community...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/almogavares (770 words)

	Tirant lo Blanc - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Tirant accepts, is made Megaduke of the Empire, becomes the captain of an army, defeats the Turks and saves the Empire, then battles Moors in many regions of the Oriental Mediterranean and Northern Africa, but dies just before he can marry the pretty heiress of the Empire.
		Some parts of Tirant bear certain parallels with the life of Admiral Roger de Flor, the leader of the Almogavars (Catalan and Aragonese mercenaries that helped the Byzantine Empire to fight the Turks), and who was murdered by the Byzantines.
		The loss of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire (1453) was considered at the time to be a major blow to Christian Europe.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Tirant_lo_Blanc (570 words)

	new civilization: Catalonia - Civilization Fanatics' Forums
		Second: I think that Almogavars is a better UU because in fifteenth century Catalonia controlled: Sicily, Napols, Sardinia...
		One thing to make sure is since it's one unit, it should really be Almogavar (no s) so as to retain consistency with the naming of other units.
		It appears they were just as powerful as the Roman legionnaires, if not more so, but they were hired mercenaries pretty much, and it's later in time vs. the legionnaires, so you have to account for modest game inflation (Almogavars were around the 12th and 13th centuries).
	forums.civfanatics.com /showthread.php?t=154330 (1667 words)

	All Empires History Forum: Medieval Warfare; Part I-Armies, Part II Tactics, Part III-Units (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Catalan Company, or in full the Catalan Company of the East (Companyia Catalana d'Orient in Catalan) or the Grand Catalan Company of the Almogavars (Gran Compañía Catalana de los Almogávares in Spanish), was a company of mercenaries founded by Roger de Flor in 1302 and 1303.
		In the 1303 the Catalans went ot Byzantine Empire, offering it’s services to the Greeks who were fighting Arabs and Turks all over Anatolia.
		The forming of the Company put Roger de Flor, later Grand Duke (the Head of the Fleet), in lead of 1500 Catalan knights and 4000 Almogavars, foot soldiers from Catalonia and Aragon.
	www.allempires.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=4525 (7464 words)

	Specific requests for the next patch. - Page 3 - SUNFLOWERS Community Boards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		As it is know some quite important units for some areas are missing.
		As I said Gallowglass for Ireland, Almogavars for Spain, Turcopoles for Middle East and Asia Minor for Catholic-Crusader states and so many times mentioned Lithuanian/Samogitian Cavalry.
		But that's question of an add-on, not a patch.
	forum.sunflowers.de /showthread.php?p=74718 (1982 words)

	Mare Nostrum (Our Sea) - A Novel by Vicente Blasco Ibañez eBook by BookRags
		One day he offered Ulysses a sweet and perfumed wine.
		The mere recollection of this novel-like adventure, the most unheard-of in history, used to fill him with enthusiasm, and, in passing, he paid highest tribute to the Almogavar chronicler, a rude Homer in song, Ulysses and Nestor in council, and Achilles in hard action.
		Dona Cristina’s impatience to rejoin her husband and to return to the comforts of her well-regulated household finally carried Ulysses away from this life by the coast.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/11697/35.html (482 words)

	SCC Forums > Comments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		And Aragon never had any land in Greece; Athens was conquered by the Catalan Company, a rouge mercenary army which just happened to originate in Aragon.
		Dec 6 2004, 03:38 PM maybe you dont know the history of the almogavars, in 1300 aprox athens was a vasal of Pere king of Aragon.
		Dec 6 2004, 07:16 PM Canary Islands went to Aragon.
	www.stratcommandcenter.com /forums/lofiversion/index.php/t2353-50.html (3387 words)

	Roland\'s Song: 2x3 New Mod for MTW - The Guild
		But tomorrow I am introducing the 4th army all the same.
		I just want to see how Almogavars work
		Didn't use a bait, just simply ran for it!
	forums.totalwar.org /vb/showthread.php?t=5217 (2476 words)

	List of Books and Articles from External Websites
		Montgomery, James E., Ibn Fadlan and the Rusiyyah - Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies v.3 (2000) (PDF file)
		Morris, Paul N., "We Have Met Devils!" The Almogavars of James I and Peter III of Catalonia-Aragon - from Anistoriton v.
		Mottahedeh, Roy Parviz and al-Sayyid, Ridwan, The Idea of the Jihad in Islam before the Crusades - from The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World (2001) (PDF file)
	www.deremilitari.org /resources/externalarticles.htm (3952 words)

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