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	Parks Victoria: Alpine National Park page
		Existing seasonal road closures which were in place in the Alpine National Park before the recent storm event and flooding, remain in place and continue to be important protection for damaged areas and the public.
		The Alpine National Park is one of the eight Australian Alps national parks that are managed co-operatively to ensure that Australia's mainland alpine and sub-alpine environments are protected consistently and that policies and guidelines across State and territory borders are compatible.
		Mature Alpine Ash forests are common as you go up the mountains, and Snow Gums are the predominant eucalypts in the woodlands around the snowline.
	www.parkweb.vic.gov.au /1park_display.cfm?park=41 (1704 words)

	Eucalyptus delegatensis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Alpine Ash (Eucalyptus delegatensis) of southern Australia is a straight, grey-trunked tree, reaching heights of over 90 metres in suitable conditions.
		The nominate subspecies is native to cool, deep soiled, mountainous areas between 1100m and 1300 m in Victoria and New South Wales; E delegatensis tasmaniensis is found in most higher-altitude parts of Tasmania apart from the south-west.
		Alpine Ash requires very high rainfall by Australian standards — over 1200mm (47 inches) per year and snow or frosts during the winter months.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eucalyptus_delegatensis (233 words)

	Forest Network - North East Report
		Sub alpine open areas have similar populations of herbivores, such as the common wombat and, in summer, the eastern grey kangaroo.
		In addition to the fact that Alpine ash trees may live to over 300 years (this being the approximate age at which they cease to produce viable seed), some of the older forests do not have a shrubby understorey.
		Mature Alpine ash forest that was the main type present before logging activities commenced will virtually disappear under current and proposed FCV management with its emphasis on pulpwood production as foreshadowed by Gunnersen (1979:14).
	www.forest-network.org /Docs/NE.htm (6580 words)

	Vegetation of the Australian Alps: Education kit
		The alpine zone is a mosaic of heathland, grassland, herbfield and bogland, interspersed by bare protruding rock and rock pavements, reflecting drainage patterns of water and cold air and variations in the soils, topography and degrees of exposure.
		Plants of the alpine and subalpine zones have developed a number of behavioural and physical adaptations in response to the characteristically low temperatures, extreme summer temperature fluctuations, high levels of precipitation (winter snow and summer rain), frequent frosts and strong winds of these high elevations.
		Alpine and subalpine zones, particularly in Victoria where the degree of dissection is greater, have become small islands isolated from each other by geographical distance, different climatic conditions and different vegetation communities.
	www.australianalps.deh.gov.au /publications/edukit/veg.html (3285 words)

	Logging Kosciuszko makes no sense
		Timber industry lobby group, Timber Communities Australia, is suggesting the park's alpine ash be logged to reduce fuel loads and generate revenue.
		"Many of the alpine ash forests in Kosciuszko National Park occupy very steep slopes and could not be logged by conventional ground-based harvesting equipment without causing massive soil disturbance.
		"Alpine ash is fire sensitive and often dies after a hot fire but it is this fire which stimulates the dispersal and germination of seeds.
	www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au /npws.nsf/Content/media_220903_kosciuszko_logging (482 words)

	Print page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Alpine Ash, Mountain Ash and Shining Gum, and Mountain Mixed Species forest types occur in the high elevation and plateau areas in the north of the region.
		Alpine vegetation is generally unproductive and is not harvested.
		The current annual increment (CAI) for mature/overmature residual log is assumed to be zero for the ash species and equivalent to 20% of the regrowth MAI for sawlog for the mixed species forest types.
	www.affa.gov.au /content/print.cfm?objectid=C48E74AC-5266-4454-A12210CA780E7409&showdocs=all (5411 words)

	escape media+photography - Ash Climbing
		Alpine Ash trees do not carry seed until they are 20 years old.
		Many regenerating stands of Ash in northeastern Victoria, logged less than 20 years ago, were destroyed in the bushfires of early 2003.
		One of the closest areas of mature unburnt Alpine Ash stands is here, just west of the Alpine National Park in Victoria.
	www.escapism.com.au /j8.htm (601 words)

	Bushfire Recovery - Repairing Damaged Infrastructure Assets
		Over 85,000 hectares of Alpine Ash forest in Gippsland and North East State Forests were burnt during the fires, with 6,000 hectares targeted for salvage harvesting.
		Some areas of fire-killed Ash forest were immature and had not developed the capacity to produce seed and therefore regenerate.
		A total of 3000 kg of Alpine Ash seed was collected and distributed, including some aerial sowing, over 6,000 hectares of suitable and prepared seedbeds.
	www.dse.vic.gov.au /dse/nrence.nsf/childdocs/-8946409900BAC6344A256B260015D4AF-D6EA7D15CF5135F9CA256EF400015886-096B7DCA7BCC5B09CA256EF4001AA641?open (794 words)

	index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Old growth Alpine Ash is in the northern sector of the Torbreck Fire Complex along the ridge of the Torbreck Range (north of Mt Torbreck).
		In the Alpine and Mountain Ash forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, salvage harvesting continued for almost two decades after the 1939 wildfires (Noble, 1977) and was one of the major factors contributing to the paucity of hollow-bearing trees for an array of cavity-dependent vertebrates (> 40 species) throughout large parts of the region.
		In the Mountain Ash forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, some of the impacts on stand structure ascribed to the 1939 wildfires were at least partially related to extensive and intensive post-fire salvage harvesting (Lindenmayer, 1996).
	www.tcha.org.au /fires.htm (5935 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Australian Alps montane grasslands (AA1001)
		A number of alpine specialists and endemic animals are found here, and the Alps are of vast significance for people as well.
		Alpine vegetation is a mix of short plants no more than a meter in height growing in heathland, grassland, herbfield, and bog communities (Slattery 1998).
		Alpine plant endemics may be very localized and therefore especially vulnerable to extinction.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/aa/aa1001_full.html (1787 words)

	Alpine National Park Fire - 1998
		The Alpine fire of January 1998 burnt part of the Alpine National Park and part of the Carey River State Forest.
		While most firefighters at the Alpine fire were active at the fire-front, some were constructing fire-control lines up to 10 kilometres away as part of the plan in the event of break-outs.
		The Alpine National Park, covering some 646,000 hectares, is the largest National park in the State.
	www.nre.vic.gov.au /dse/nrenfoe.nsf/FID/-6EFAAA3DD7DC6FE84A256863007F696E?OpenDocument (1564 words)

	Online Dictionary for French English, Spanish English, Italian English, and more.
		Ash of central and southern United States with bluish-green foliage and hard brown wood; SYN: Fraxinus quadrangulata.
		Ash left when bones burn; high in calcium phosphate; used as fertilizer and in bone china.
		Tree having wood similar to the alpine ash; tallest tree in Australia and tallest hardwood in the world; SYN: Eucalyptus regnans.
	www.ultralingua.net /?service=ee&text=Ash (576 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Highly prized for its working properties and consistency of colour, Victorian Ash is at its best where large areas of timber are to be appreciated and colour matching is important.
		Victorian Ash lends itself to most situations where a quieter and more contemporary feel is desired.
		Most sawn Ash available today is from carefully managed regrowth forests from the disastrous 1939 fires that swept across Victoria.
	www.tpcvic.org.au /page_timber_info.htm (905 words)

	Gippsland Australia Natural Attractions and National Parks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This mountain ash, 76 metres high and 15 metres in circumference, is probably over 300 years old and is one of Victoria's tallest trees.
		The vegetation of the area changes from Alpine herbfields on the plateau to the snow gums and snow grass of the sub Alpine woodland.
		Alpine ash, mountain ash and myrtle beech are the common tree species and the fauna of the area includes kangaroos, wombats and the rare Leadbeater possum.
	www.gippslandinfo.com.au /Attractions (1907 words)

	The Border Mail
		SO John Griffiths (True agenda behind the name, The Border Mail, February 23) accuses the Alpine Conservation and Access Group of having a hidden agenda and that it is trying to deceive the general public by having the word conservation in its name.
		The fact that the logging of fire-killed alpine ash in the Alpine National Park is not allowed does upset ACAG as it does the general public.
		The so called “conservationists” conned the Government of the day to lock up vast tracts of a Alpine ash forests (mature and previously logged) into national parks to protect them and then 25 years later allow them to be killed by fire as a result of poor management.
	www.bordermail.com.au /newsflow/pageitem?page_id=908972 (541 words)

	Overseas-grown Australian Timber Species
		Alpine Ash (Eucalyptus delegatensis), is a large hardwood, grown in plantations in New Zealand.
		Mountain Ash (Eucalyptus regnans), is grown in plantations in New Zealand.
		Silvertop Ash (Eucalyptus sieberi), is a large hardwood, grown in plantations in New Zealand.
	www.rainforestinfo.org.au /good_wood/os_ozsp.htm (1446 words)

	Burnt alpine ash to be salvaged by loggers - National - theage.com.au
		Burnt alpine ash to be salvaged by loggers - National - theage.com.au
		Burnt alpine ash to be salvaged by loggers
		A stand of immature alpine ash near Benambra that was destroyed in the summer fires.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2003/08/21/1061434985314.html?from=storyrhs (539 words)

	Mountain Ash -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Mountain Ash is a name used for several unrelated trees.
		The Texas (Any of various deciduous pinnate-leaved ornamental or timber trees of the genus Fraxinus) ash species Fraxinus texensis.
		(Tree having wood similar to the alpine ash; tallest tree in Australia and tallest hardwood in the world) Eucalyptus regnans, the tallest of all flowering plants.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mo/mountain_ash.htm (107 words)

	Australian Alps national parks - Fauna
		Some of the highest lizard densities recorded in Australia occur around alpine summits, where it is not uncommon to see lizards basking on rocks in the heat of a summer day.
		One fascinating insect associated with the alpine environment is the Bogong Moth.
		Three species are confined to the alpine and subalpine zone - the Mountain Pygmy-possum, the Corroboree Frog and the Baw Baw Frog.
	www.australianalps.deh.gov.au /publications/edukit/fauna.html (1909 words)

	ANU - CRES - Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies
		The Ash Forests are extraordinarily diverse often with multiple strata levels from the canopy, through the midstorey and understorey to a forest floor rich in different microhabitats and species.
		The Mountain Ash forests are prized for their straight timber, which has been harvested extensively and intensively for more than a century.
		The tall Mountain Ash forests are prone to rare but large disturbance events like broad-scale bushfires, such as those that occurred in 1939 (Black Friday) and 1983 (Ash Wednesday).
	cres.anu.edu.au /dbl/vchstudy.php (883 words)

	Wongungarra Catchment & Victoria's Timber industry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The area available for timber production is rich in mature Ash - a popular Australian timber species much valued for its natural strength, beauty and suitability for flooring, furniture, high strength structural materials and other high value uses.
		This is despite the industry losing access to significant mature Ash resources in the 1980s when large areas of productive forest were incorporated within the Alpine National Park.
		Unlike the Mountain Ash regrowth forests of the Central Highlands, the north-east region's Alpine Ash forests grow at a much slower rate.
	www.vafi.org.au /rfav/wongungarra.html (789 words)

	Parks & Waterways - Trees - Christchurch City Council
		The Eucalyptus delegatensis (alpine ash) tree located in the Christchurch Botanic Gardens has delighted visitors for many years.
		Once known as Eucalyptus gigantea, the alpine or mountain ash is one of the tallest members of the Eucalyptus family and in its native state grows in the mountains of Tasmania and in the Australian Alps between Melbourne and Canberra.
		Unlike most Eucalypts, the alpine ash is frost hardy and can endure temperatures of minus 12 to 14 centigrade.
	www.ccc.govt.nz /parks/Trees/protected_19.asp (233 words)

	ANU - CRES - Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies
		The Mountain Ash forests are prized for their straight timber and several major forest industries are based in the area.
		The harvesting method used in Ash forests is clearfelling in small coups, usually followed by a burn.
		He found a number of differences in habitat use compared to the possums living in the ash forests, such as their ready use of nest boxes and their diet of paperbark, tea-tree and eucalypt sap rather than wattle sap.
	cres.anu.edu.au /dbl/lbpossumhp (2278 words)

	Eucalyptus delegatensis - Definition, explanation
		Among flowering plants, only the Mountain Ash grows taller, the Manna Gum and the Messmate Stringybark about the same.
		While occasional fires do not severely impact Alpine Ash forest, repeated fires in the same area can wipe stands out because it takes roughly twenty years for seedlings to reach sexual maturity.
		A year after the massive bushfires of 2003 in the Australian Alps, a thick carpet of Alpine Ash seedlings has sprouted in the ashes.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/e/eu/eucalyptus_delegatensis.php (268 words)

	The Wilderness Society Wongungarra Win - Victoria's last unprotected wilderness area to become national park - 31 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Wongungarra is a wilderness valley, lined with ancient snow gums and surrounded on three sides by the Alpine National Park.
		The valley plunges 800 metres through alpine heathland, old growth alpine ash forests and an extraordinary range of vegetation communities.
		It prevented a devastating road being pushed through the steep, pristine, upper headwaters of the Wongungarra River and thus prevented the one intact stand of old growth Alpine Ash left unprotected in the Victorian Alps being opened up for clearfell logging.
	www.nccnsw.org.au /members/tws/projects/Forests/wongwin.html (302 words)

	Lake Mountain > News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		At 1500m and with an average snow cover of 3 months each year, Lake Mountain is an important sub-alpine environment and forms the headwaters of vital river systems like the Yarra and Goulburn.
		Traveling from Marysville you will have passed through tall forests of mountain and alpine ash.
		The tall forests give way to snow gum woodlands, sphagnum bog and alpine heath lands, each specially adapted to cope with the extreme conditions.
	www.lakemountainresort.com.au /news/environment.html (312 words)

	The Big Back Yard - Fires (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The ash is an enormous almost liquid injection of fertiliser into the soil.
		Low alpine temperatures means that the normal breakdown of litter by composting is quite slow.
		I have had Alpine Ash seedling volunteers in the nursery only for the last 2 years - last fires were in 1939.
	www.rambles.com.au /bigbackyardfires.htm (996 words)

	Alpine Creative Group Inc. in BizBash New York
		Alpine has a large staff of talented graphic designers and in-house calligraphers.
		Alpine specializes in invitations for special event PR firms, fashion, finance, and entertainment clients, as well as designing promotional postcards, letterhead, brochures, and other promotional materials.
		Alpine has offices across the country including Englewood, NJ; Beverly Hills; and Newport Beach, CA.
	www.bizbash.com /content/resource/r748862.asp (216 words)

	Print page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This unusually high-elevation occurrence may be a response to the tempering effect of the massif on the prevailing south-westerly winds, or to soil temperature variation due to insolation.
		Wet Forest is usually dominated by Mountain Ash (Eucalyptus regnans), forming the tallest forests in the study area.
		Messmate (Eucalyptus obliqua) and Mountain Grey Gum (Eucalyptus cypellocarpa) are the characteristic dominants in the overstorey, although Mountain Ash, Manna Gum, Silver-top (Eucalyptus sieberi) and Eurabbie (Eucalyptus globulus ssp.
	www.affa.gov.au /content/print.cfm?objectid=D2C48F86-BA1A-11A1-A2200060B0A02121&showdocs=all (5681 words)

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