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Topic: Alpine tundra

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Tundra

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	The tundra biome
		Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes.
		Arctic tundra is located in the northern hemisphere, encircling the north pole and extending south to the coniferous forests of the taiga.
		Alpine tundra is located on mountains throughout the world at high altitude where trees cannot grow.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /exhibits/biomes/tundra.php (583 words)

	Tundra - MSN Encarta
		The Arctic tundra stretches in an unbroken strip across the northern latitudes of Eurasia and North America and encompasses Greenland, Iceland, the islands of the Canadian archipelago, the Pribilof Islands, Nunivak, St Matthew and St Lawrence islands, Wrangel Island, the New Siberian Islands, Severnaya Zemlya, Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land, Svalbard, and numerous smaller islands.
		Many migratory birds breed on the tundra during the brief summer, feeding on the flush of seeds and berries and/or the rapidly emerging populations of mosquitoes, fl flies, blow flies, springtails, weevils, beetles, and spiders.
		Alpine tundra supports mountain goats, bighorn sheep, ibex, chamois, foxes, wildcats, pikas, marmots, ground squirrels, rabbits, voles, many summer-visiting birds, and the resident ptarmigan, a high-altitude version of the red or willow grouse that feeds mainly on willow buds and the succulent parts of other dwarf shrubs.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557297/Tundra.html (1737 words)

	Learn more about Tundra in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the timberline or treeline.
		Arctic tundra occurs in the far Northern hemisphere, north of the taiga belt.
		Alpine tundra is also lacking in trees, but does not have permafrost.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /t/tu/tundra.html (320 words)

	Tundra - MSN Encarta
		Tundra, arctic plains encompassing most of the earth's terrain north of the coniferous forest belt, dominated by cotton grass, heath, lichen, moss, sedge, and willow.
		The arctic tundra, in particular, is influenced by permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the ground.
		The tundra wildlife is vulnerable to habitat destruction, to overhunting, and to extinction through loss of any of the animal or plant species that make up the fragile, highly interdependent tundra community of life.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557297/Tundra.html (664 words)

	The Tundra: Described
		Of the North American, Scandinavian and Russian tundras, the Scandinavian tundra is the warmest, with winter temperatures averaging 18°F (-8°C) The tundra is basically like a desert when it comes to precipitation.
		Wolves, wolverines, arctic foxes, and polar bears are the predators of the tundra.
		It is a very fragile environment and the plants and animals that have made their home on the tundra biome have made some incredible adaptations to the long, cold winters and the short but abundant summers.
	www.thewildclassroom.com /biomes/TUNDRA.html (1163 words)

	Tundra 5
		The tundra wildlife is vulnerable to habitat destruction, to overhunting, and to extinction through loss of any of the animal or plant species that make up the fragile, highly individual tundra community of life.
		The arctic tundra, in particular, is influenced by permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the ground.
		Common to the alpine tundra is bare rock-covered ground, called fell-fields, supporting a growth of lichens.
	ths.sps.lane.edu /biomes/tundra5/tundra5.html (968 words)

	alpine zone
		"The alpine tundra is a land of contrast and incredible intensity, where the sky is the size of forever and the flowers the size of a millisecond"(Willard 3).
		Alpine tundra is described as the land above the tree line and below the "line of perpetual snow on all high mountains"(Willard xv).
		Conservation of the alpine tundra, and of mountains in general should be a concern, especially when they are getting so much more use and abuse then they were even a decade ago.
	nhs.needham.k12.ma.us /cur/environment/Envir98_99/p1/lbp1/alpine_zone.htm (1823 words)

	Biomes - Living Worlds :: Biomes / tundra / climate
		However, alpine tundra is widely scattered and resides in other places besides the arctic regions of the earth.
		Because of the dry soil, alpine tundra's plants and animals have to endure environmentally devastating mud slides, rock slides, and avalanches in the winter.
		Alpine tundra animals also have to be specially adapted to strong UV light.
	library.thinkquest.org /C0113340/main.php?section=biomes&topic=tundra&subtopic=climate (717 words)

	Alpine Biome
		Alpine biomes are found in the mountain regions all around the world.
		Alpine animals adapt to the cold by hibernating, migrating to lower, warmer areas, or insulating their bodies with layers of fat.
		Alpine animals also have larger lungs, more blood cells and hemoglobin because of the increase of pressure and lack of oxygen at higher altitudes.
	www.blueplanetbiomes.org /alpine.htm (454 words)

	World Biomes - Tundra
		Tundra, the "ice desert", "frozen prairie", the cold plains of the Far North get their name from the Finnish word "tunturia", which means treeless land.
		The alpine tundra biome exists on rocky mountaintops and is very similar to the arctic tundra except for a conspicuous lack of trees.
		Because trees cannot grow at this high altitude, most of the alpine tundra plant life consists of shrubbery and small leafy plants such as alpine bluegrass which serve as dinner to a variety of grazing animals such as bighorn sheep and mountain goats.
	www.worldbiomes.com /biomes_tundra.htm (425 words)

	The World's Biomes: Tundra (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Tundra are separated into two types: arctic tundra and alpine tundra.
		Arctic tundra is located in the northern hemisphere that encircles the north pole and extends to south of the coniferous forests of the taiga.
		Alpine tundra is located on mountains throughout the world at high altitude where trees cannot grow.
	members.aol.com /thebuddha6/biomes/tundra.html (537 words)

	The Environmental Literacy Council - Tundra
		Tundra does not exist in the southern hemisphere because no land masses are located in the corresponding southern latitudes.
		Alpine tundra is found throughout the world, typically at elevations above 10,000 in areas such as the Rocky Mountains and Australian Alps.
		The land area for alpine tundra is typically small and provides habitat for a few small animals such as rodents and insects.
	www.enviroliteracy.org /article.php/177.html (745 words)

	Alpine Tundra Biome
		The Alpine Tundra is not a biome that traverses large expanses of terrain like other biomes.
		The alpine tundra is not a homogenous zone where plants have equal opportunity to grow.
		Tundra is derived from the Lappish language and means "land of no trees".
	www.thewildclassroom.com /biomes/alpinetundra.html (555 words)

	Nature Works - Tundra
		The tundra is one of the harshest biomes and it is definitely the coldest!
		Animals found in the tundra include the musk ox, the Arctic hare, the polar bear, the Arctic fox, the caribou and the snowy owl.
		Many animals that live in the tundra, like the caribou and the semipalmated plover, migrate to warmer climates during the winter.
	www.nhptv.org /natureworks/nwep8a.htm (389 words)

	Biomes - Tundra (Site not responding. Last check: )
		There are two different types of tundra, arctic tundra, which is found near the arctic circle (Siberia, Alaska, Norway, Finland, etc.), and alpine tundra, which is found on mountain-tops.
		The soil in the tundra is generally lackluster in the nutrient department.
		Some common tundra mammals are caribou, pika (a small animal resembling a mix between a guinea pig and a rabbit), musk oxen, and wolves.
	www.tolland.k12.ct.us /ths/Science/powell/tundra.htm (803 words)

	Alpine Slides
		Alpine parsley (Oreoxis alpina)- This alpine range forb respresented the parsley or carrot family (Umbelliferae or Apiaceae) that is distinguished by having the umbel type inflorescence in which all of the pedicels have a common point of origin on the peduncle.
		Alpine parsley has a spreading, prostrate habit that is a common morpholocigal adaptation of apline plants to the extreme conditions of wind and general xeric habitats of the alpine ecosystem like fell fields.
		Alpine clover was also readily discernable in the upper right hand corner by the piece of granite surrounded by and appearing to be engulfed by carpet plants.
	www.tarleton.edu /~range/Alpine/alpine-slides.htm (7863 words)

	Alpine Tundra of the Colorado Plateau
		At 35° N, these peaks are the southernmost climatic alpine area on the continent north of the high volcanoes of central Mexico.
		The nearest alpine areas in southeastern Utah and southwestern Colorado are too far from the San Francisco Peaks for successful migration of many species.
		Most alpine tundra ecosystems on the Colorado Plateau occur within national forests, but threats to these fragile ecosystems include localized recreational use, warming climates, and acid deposition.
	www.cpluhna.nau.edu /Biota/alpine_tundra.htm (456 words)

	alpine tundra in the rockies
		High above the pines, junipers, aspens, furs and spruce trees are the flower-rich meadowlands of the alpine tundra in the Rockies.
		Tundra vegetation is composed of grasses, sedges, herbs, and a few dwarfed shrubs, and often has an abundance of showy flowers during its blooming season.
		Because of the brief growing period, the alpine tundra prepares itself for next years growth by maturing its buds during the late fall, winter and early spring seasons, under blankets of snow.
	www.ellensplace.net /tundra.html (430 words)

	Tundra Animal Printouts - EnchantedLearning.com
		The tundra is a cold, treeless area; it is the coldest biome.
		The tundra is characterized by very low temperatures, very little precipitation (rain or snow), a short growing season, few nutrients, and low biological diversity.
		Arctic tundras are frozen, windy, desert-like plains in the Arctic that are dotted with bogs and ponds.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /biomes/tundra/tundra.shtml (601 words)

	Alpine Tundra Garden @BFAG
		The Alpine Plaza and surrounding Alpine Tundra Garden have undergone Phase I of construction.
		West of the Alpine Plaza, surrounding the entrance gate, be home to a world-class collection of alpine plants from many of the world's mountain ranges.
		With the completion of Phase II construction in the Alpine Tundra Garden, the Main Entrance Gate will move slightly northward and share the Alpine Plaza with the entrance to the Gerald R. Ford Amphitheater.
	www.bettyfordalpinegardens.org /alpinetundra.htm (295 words)

	tundra
		Alpine tundra is found on the tops of tall, cold mountains.
		This is a bluff on the coast of the Arctic Ocean.
		The tundra biome is represented by the blue shaded area.
	www.esse.ou.edu /~khawkins/tundra.html (585 words)

	TundraCam - Tundra
		The ecosystem visible from the TundraCam is alpine tundra, attuned to the harsh winters, dry conditions, and short growing season of the high-mountain climate.
		In 1990 the Mountain Research Station constructed the Alpine Tundra Laboratory with funding from the University of Colorado and the National Science Foundation.
		Among other topics, researchers are looking at dissolved organic matter in alpine streams, the chemistry of alpine plants, loss of biodiversity from nitrogen fertilization, carbon cycling, interactions between animals and plants, and microbes in the soils.
	instaar.colorado.edu /tundracam/tundra.php (754 words)

	Ecoregion: Tundra
		The Arctic tundra may receive less than 11 centimeters (4.4 inches) of precipitation a year, but the area is still very wet in summer because the water that comes from the melting ice has nowhere to go.
		Animals in the tundra are adapted to survive cold winters and to breed and raise young quickly in the very short, cool summers.
		Another issue for the tundra is the affect that global warming might have on the area.
	www.fossweb.com /popecoweb/ecoregion/tundra/content.html (1431 words)

	Tundra
		The alpine tundra is located at the top of mountains across the world.
		Some geological events that have made the formation of this biome are the movment of glaciers from the north.
		In the alpine tundra there are deer, elk, mountain goats and various species of sheep.
	www.lsb.syr.edu /projects/cyberzoo/tundra.html (203 words)

	Tundra Habitat
		Tundra is the coldest of the world’s biomes.
		Alpine tundra is located at high altitude on mountains around the world.
		Arctic tundra is located in the northern hemisphere, in the area encircling the North Pole and extending slightly south.
	web.bryant.edu /~langlois/ecology/Habitat.htm (355 words)

	Home Page
		The alpine flora of the Rocky Mountains is a popular topic of study, but a whole Kingdom (Fungi) has been neglected here.
		The largest expanse of tundra in the lower U.S., the Beartooth Plateau, is a floristically diverse alpine region with over 422 species of alpine plants.
		The tundra biome covers 8% of all land, and the alpine tundra (like the arctic) deserves to be a high priority of study.
	plantsciences.montana.edu /alpinemushrooms (555 words)

	The AlpineTundra
		The tundra biome is found at high elevations in mountainous terrain as well.
		In the Indian Peaks region of Colorado, the alpine tundra ranges from 11,200 to 12,000 feet depending on latitude and slope exposure.
		The climate of the tundra is exceedingly harsh.
	www.uwsp.edu /geo/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/biogeography/biomes_tundra_page_2.html (671 words)

	Selkirk College - Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification System of BC
		The overall climate of the Alpine Tundra is very cold and snowy.
		Humus enrichment in alpine meadows often results in significant organic contribution in the upper horizons due to the annual dieback of roots.
		Historically, the alpine region was a major employer during the mining boom.
	selkirk.ca /rr/bec/zones/AT.html (694 words)

	K4 Modules: Biomes
		The tundra is the coldest biome on Earth.
		They are the arctic tundra and the alpine tundra.
		In the arctic tundra, there is not much loose soil or water in the ground.
	www.cotf.edu /ete/modules/k4/teacher/biomes/Boverview6.html (335 words)

	IMC7
		The symposium is focused on the diversity and distribution of Arctic and alpine tundra Basidiomycetes (higher fungi).
		Factors, which enable alpine fungi to survive the stress conditions of the alpine tundra, are either passive (growth respectively fructification in especially protected habitats or only during favourable periods or the ability of basidiomata to revive) or active (reduction of water content, increase of carbohydrate storage, special proteins and enzymes, membrane lipids etc.).
		The mycoflora is discussed in relation to the Alaska North Slope tundra, and the arcto-alpine habitats in the mountainous regions of northern North America.
	plantsciences.montana.edu /alpinemushrooms/imc7.htm (1975 words)

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