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	Alquerque
		Alquerque (also known as Quirkat) is a board game that is thought to have originated in the Middle East.
		However this work made no mention of the rules of the game, and we have to wait until the middle of the 13th Century[?] AD to find a set of rules in the Alfonso X manuscript belonging to the Libro de los juegos which he commissioned (the book contained translations of many Arabic games).
		Spanish settlers[?] in New Mexico introduced a four-player variant of Alquerque to the Zuni Indians[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/qu/Quirkat.html (386 words)

	Bernie DeKoven, funsmith: Alquerque, Fanorana, Checkers and beyond
		Alquerque is one of the earliest forms of checkers, reportedly found in Egypt as early as 600 BC.
		It's equally instructive to contemplate the continuum, from Alquerque to checkers (or "draughts").
		What makes Alquerque especially interesting to me is that it is yet further evidence of the power of games to transcend change in culture and technology, government and ethnicity, race and creed - that games are a kind of literature, expressing an idea that can be handed down, refined, transformed, generation to generation, for eons.
	deepfun.com /weblog/2003/02/alquerque-fanorana-checkers-and-beyond.html (505 words)

	Bernie DeKoven, funsmith: Alquerque, Fanorana, Checkers and beyond
		Alquerque is one of the earliest forms of checkers, reportedly found in Egypt as early as 600 BC.
		It's equally instructive to contemplate the continuum, from Alquerque to checkers (or "draughts").
		What makes Alquerque especially interesting to me is that it is yet further evidence of the power of games to transcend change in culture and technology, government and ethnicity, race and creed - that games are a kind of literature, expressing an idea that can be handed down, refined, transformed, generation to generation, for eons.
	www.deepfun.com /2003/02/alquerque-fanorana-checkers-and-beyond.html (505 words)

	Chapter06
		So it is evident that the reconstruction of alquerque determined the view on the origin of draughts.
		We see a familiar pattern: the old name alquerque and the new name damas both meant 'draughts', and the older name was ousted by the newer name (in the 17th c.).
		These are the alquerque drawings and the way the pieces are placed in their spaces.
	www.draughtshistory.nl /chapter06.htm (2276 words)

	Alquerque Rules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Alquerque most likely has origins in Egypt and was introduced into Europe by Arabs invading Spain in the Early 8th Century.
		Alquerque is played with twelve men on either side set out on a 5 x 5 board as in figure 1.
		The initial phase of Alquerque quickly sees the field of play opened up, the huffing rule ensuring that several men are lost on both sides.
	www.gothicgreenoak.co.uk /alquerque.html (396 words)

	Games of Soldiers - ALQUERQUE
		Alquerque boards can be seen carved into the stone slabs which form the roof of the great temple at Kurna, Egypt, which was built in 1400BC (of course, they might have been carved at any point since).
		It was recorded as Alquerque (Spanish form of El-Quirkat) in the Alfonso X Manuscript which was written between 1251 - 1282 at the command of Alfonso X, King of Leon and Castile.
		The rule that state the captures are mandatory is more recent, and together with the use of a Chess board to play Alquerque, produced in Medieval Europe (around AD 1100) the game of Checkers.
	www.di.fc.ul.pt /~jpn/gv/alquerque.htm (1123 words)

	Games - Alquerque
		Alquerque is known to date back at least as far as 1400
		There are several variants of Alquerque that use larger boards and more pieces.
		Illustrations of Alphonso X's 'Book of Games' (including Alquerque) can be found here.
	members.aol.com /farisles/guilds/alquerq.htm (1256 words)

	The Rules of Alquerque from Masters Games
		A multitude of variants of Alquerque boards have been found indicating the existence of a whole family of Alquerque games and variations.
		The game of Alquerque is played on a special board of 5 x 5 points with lines between them to indicate allowed moves.
		Alquerque is played with 12 fl pieces and 12 white pieces in a similar way to Draughts (Checkers).
	www.mastersgames.com /rules/alquerque-rules.htm (876 words)

	Alquerque played by the computer
		The common reconstruction of alquerque is based on Murray [1952:65], with application of the compulsory capture.
		Winther wondered if the supposition that medieval alquerque was played with the compulsory capture could be wrong, and therefore he replaced the compulsory capture for the free capture.
		In some way, this conclusion confirms the reconstruction of alquerque I made on the basis of an analysis of names for draughts and alquerque in my book The origin of draughts: I contend that alquerque was played with promotion.
	www.draughtshistory.nl /alquerque.htm (488 words)

	Alquerque
		Alquerque (also known as Quirkat) is a board game that have originated in the Middle East.
		Alquerque is known to date back at least as far as 1400BC.
		It is considered to have been the parent of the Checkers.
	www.setupgroup.com /xo/alquerque.php?ua=YYYNTYtabs (248 words)

	Mudthaw 2002 Merchants
		Alquerque is an Arabian game of ancient lineage.
		It was first brought to Europe by returning Crusaders, but as Europeans did not have Alquerque boards, they played the game on a board they had - a chessboard.
		Alquerque is an easy game to learn (even if you don't know checkers).
	settmourswamp.eastkingdom.org /mud02games.html (791 words)

	CS 2360 - Assignments 7 and 8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Spaniards who settled in what is now New Mexico introduced a modified Alquerque to the Zuni Indians, who turned that game into another that is known as The Game of The Stone Warriors.
		The returned result should be in the form of a new Alquerque board, using the same format as the board that was passed to your program.
		If you passed 'b here, for example, then your program is playing the side of the fl pieces and your evaluation function should return positive numbers for boards that are favorable to fl and negative numbers for boards that are favorable to white.
	www-static.cc.gatech.edu /computing/classes/cs2360/winter98/asgn7-8.html (2198 words)

	FANORONA \| All Online Games Wizz
		FANORONA is an Alquerque game from Madagascar (now the Malagasy Republic) that is said to have magical powers that enable it to predict the future.
		Invented during the seventeenth century, the game was played on a double Alquerque board inscribed on flat stones or drawn on the ground.
		It was during the storming of the capital of Madagascar by the French in 1895 that the game was supposedly played by the Queen of Madagascar and her advisors, who believed that the outcome of the game would predict who would win the forthcoming battle.
	www.onlinewizz.com /alquerque2.htm (343 words)

	:::: WOI > Games > Board > Alquerque :::: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Carved on the tombs of Egypt, Alquerque is the forerunner of Checkers or Draughts.
		One of the earliest Alquerque boards is 3000 years old and was found inscribed on the roof tiles of the temple of Kurna in Egypt, where it was known as Zamma.
		It was introduced to Europe when the Moors brought it to Spain under the Arabic name of ‘El – Qirkat’.
	www.w-o-i.com /board1.htm (178 words)

	MindZine - Classic - Fanorona
		And the way the game develops from a violent confrontation in the opening to a relatively peaceful later stage is quite unlike any other traditional boardgame I have seen.
		Alquerque is a game played in Arab countries, and archeological finds in Egypt suggest that it may date back more than 3,000 years.
		Alquerque could have been brought to Madagascar by traders and developed into Fanorona in the 17th century or even earlier.
	www.msoworld.com /mindzine/news/classic/fanorona.html (1628 words)

	Checkers; Wood and Metal - Chess and More
		The history of checkers starts in 1400 B.C., where it was known as "Alquerque" in ancient Egypt.
		Alquerque was played on a 5 x 5 point board with the pieces starting in a non-symmetrical pattern.
		Around 1100 A.D., the French decided to play Alquerque on a chess board instead of the standard Alquerque board, and this new game was called "Fierges"/"Ferses" which later changed to "Dames".
	www.chessandmore.com /checkers.htm (258 words)

	Zillions of Games Discussion Forum: Medieval Alquerque
		In his book Draughts in relation to chess and alquerque (2005) Arie van der Stoep contends that Alquerque de doze was in medieval times played by the rules that I implemented in this program.
		What's more, I also tested Zillions' Alquerque program, that uses Murray's rules, and found that the second player loses piece almost immediately in the opening.
		So this "Medieval Alquerque" variant, which is very close to modern day draughts rules, could have been played during the Roman era.
	zillionsofgames.com /discus/messages/5/661.html?1150582719 (237 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Alquerque
		It is considered to have been the parent of the game Draughts (US, South Africa: Checkers).
		Rules are included in Libro de los juegos ("Book of games") commissioned by Alfonso X of Castile in the 13th century.
		Before starting, each player places their twelve pieces in the two rows closest to them and in the two rightmost spaces in the center row.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Alquerque (459 words)

	Alquerque (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The game of Alquerque is an ancient Arab game, and the source of our modern game of checkers.
		Each player has twelve pieces; the object, like modern checkers, is to capture all of your opponent's pieces.
		The object for the hares is to pen up the hound so that he cannot move by blocking points.
	www.tirbriste.org /dmir/Games/1206.html (418 words)

	West Indian Checkers
		The Moors brought the game to Europe during their invasion of Spain and it later became known as alquerque, a Spanish corruption of el quirkat.
		Alquerque was played like checkers on a board, five spaces wide and five spaces long.
		Around 110 AD in France, alquerque began to be played on a standard chess board and evolved into a game much like American checkers with 12 pieces.
	www.stjohnbeachguide.com /Checkers.htm (607 words)

	CSCI384 Graphics Assignment 2
		"Alquerque is the Spanish name for a board game introduced into Spain by the Moors, who ruled most of the country for five hundred years.
		There is an unfinished alquerque diagram engraved in one of the roofing slabs of the temple at Kurna, Egypt, which was built around 1400 B.C. Several versions of alquerque are described and illustrated in the great Libro de Juegos (Book of Games) of King Alfonso the Learned.
		Alquerque is a game for two players who each have a set of twelve playing pieces, either fl or white.
	math.holycross.edu /~croyden/graphics/assignments/assign2/assignment2.html (1851 words)

	ALQUERQUE \| All Online Games Wizz
		During the Middle Ages, Alquerque was introduced by the Moors into Spain.
		Alquerque was brought to the New World by the Spanish and became popular among the Kere and Hopi Indians in the southwestern part of the United States, where it is known as aiyawatstani or tuknanavuhpi.
		When one player has the opurtunity to jumpan opponent’s piece and does not jump it, her piece is removed from the board and considered captured by the opponent.
	www.onlinewizz.com /alquerque.htm (410 words)

	Alquerque
		Un tavoliere di Alquerque è inciso sulle pietre di copertura del
		Il gioco è menzionato una prima volta con il nome El-qirkat nel manoscritto arabo Kitab al-aghani, il cui autore morì attorno al 976 D.C. In epoca successiva viene citato nel celebre Libro dei Giochi redatto nel 1283 a Siviglia sotto il regno di Alfonso X di Castiglia (detto "il saggio").
		E' in quest'epoca che il gioco trova per la prima volta il suo nome attuale, che dall'originario El-qirkat diventa Alquerque.
	www.pergioco.net /Giochi/GiochiDiTavoliere/Alquerque/Alquerque.htm (966 words)

	Gadgetorama - News item: Weekend fun: Alquerque
		Alquerque is an ancient board game that comes from the Middle East and could be the parent of the more modern Checkers game.
		Alquerque features three different board sizes and three difficulty levels.
		You can play with either the stylus or the hardware buttons and you can play against the computer or another player (on the same device).
	www.gadgetorama.com /news/news_details.php?gorid=2232 (107 words)

	Tigers and Goats is the national game of Nepal Alquerque is thought to have started in Arabia
		Tigers and Goats is the national game of Nepal Alquerque is thought to have started in Arabia
		In any event, a goat player cannot move a goat into and out of the same position more than two times without moving another goat.
		Alquerque is thought to have started in Arabia and migrated into Europe when the Moors invaded Spain.
	www.elvingames.com /tigers-n-goats.html (759 words)

	Buy Draughts / Checkers sets
		The game clearly had staying power - it is mentioned under the name of Quirkat in the Arabic work Kitab-al Aghani, the author of which died in 976 AD and was first brought to Europe by the Moors during their invasion of Spain.
		It was recorded as Alquerque in the Alfonso X Manuscript which was written between 1251 - 1282 at the command of Alfonso X, King of Leon and Castile.
		The game was played with 12 pieces on each side and was called Fierges or Ferses at first although this changed to Dames later.
	www.mastersgames.com /cat/board/draughts-checkers.htm (585 words)

	BrainKing.com - Diskutaj forumoj (Alquerque)
		I don't play Alquerque much anymore, because the board is too large, and it frustrates me to scroll up and down constantly to see the whole board.
		The addition of alquerque piqued my interest, but unfortunately the forward-only movement rule put me off--I might as well play draughts (or checkers, to those of you who prefer American English).
		I hope it is soon, because it is such a pain to play the game having to scroll up and down to see the whole board..
	brainking.com /eo/Board?bc=68 (1191 words)

	Alquerque F91V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Men are captured with a jump like in draughts, the goal being to capture all the enemy's men.
		The men in alquerque, which look like the men of the game halma, can move in all directions along the lines.
		For a short account of the rules of alquerque, see the Period Games Homepage.
	games.rengeekcentral.com /F91V.html (126 words)

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