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Topic: Altaic hypothesis

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	Altaic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Altaic is a language family which includes 60 languages spoken by about 250 million people, mostly in and around Central Asia and Far East.
		One of the puzzles of Altaic languages is the nature of the phonetic coincidence r/l - Å¡/s (z), so-called or rhotacism.
		The Altaic theory is claimed by its opponents to mainly be based on typological similarities, such as vowel harmony, lack of grammatical gender, an agglutinative typology, and loanwords.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Altaic_languages (514 words)

	Hypothesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia or the dopamine hypothesis of psychosis is...
		Hypothesis A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
		Null hypothesis In parameter that is a property of a population, the whole population being unobservable, and the test b...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/hypothesis.html (661 words)

	Altaic languages article - Altaic languages languages Asia Turkic languages Mongolian languages Tungusic - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Altaic is a controversial language family including 60 languages spoken by about 250 million people, found mostly around central Asia.
		The existence of the Altaic family remains a matter of debate among historical linguists, and is rejected by many.
		The Altaic theory is supported by many linguists, but many other linguists (eg Doerfer 1963, Bernard Comrie 1981) do not regard Altaic as a valid group, and see it as three (or more) separate language families.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Altaic_languages (299 words)

	Upto11.net - Wikipedia Article for Altaic languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Altaic is a language family which includes 60 language s spoken by about 250 million people, mostly in and around Central Asia and Far East.
		One of the puzzles of Altaic languages is the nature of the phonetic coincidence r/l - and#353;/s (z), so-called or rhotacism.
		The Altaic theory is claimed by its opponents to mainly be based on typological similiarities, such as vowel harmony, lack of grammatical gender, an agglutinative typology, and loanword s.
	www.upto11.net /generic_wiki.php?q=altaic_languages (460 words)

	Altaic languages Article, Altaiclanguages Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The existence of the Altaic family remains a matter of debate among historical linguists, and is rejected bymany.
		The Altaic family, under the name "Tatar", was first postulated by Schott in 1849, as a family uniting Turkic, Mongolian, andTungus; he used the name "Altaic" to refer to what would now be called Ural-Altaic (a hypothesis generally rejected.) Castrén (1862) put forward a similar view, butclassified Turkic with what we would now call Uralic.
		The Altaic theory is supported by many linguists, but many other linguists (eg Doerfer 1963, Bernard Comrie 1981) do not regardAltaic as a valid group, and see it as three (or more) separate language families.
	www.anoca.org /korean/turkic/altaic_languages.html (344 words)

	ALTAIC LANGUAGES FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Altaic is a language family which includes 60 language s spoken by about 250 million people, mostly in and around Central_Asia and Far_East.
		The Altaic theory is claimed by its opponents to mainly be based on typological similarities, such as vowel_harmony, lack of grammatical_gender, an agglutinative typology, and loanword s.
		Other linguists, such as Bernard_Comrie (1992, 2003) argue that Altaic may be part of a larger grouping, such as Nostratic or Eurasiatic.
	www.mrdefine.com /Altaic_languages (490 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Japanese Language
		The most prominent hypothesis places Japanese in the family of Altaic languagesâ”which include Turkish, Mongolian, and Korean (although the membership of Korean in the Altaic family is also uncertain)â”and relates Japanese most closely to the Korean language.
		However, because elements of this hypothesis are inconsistent with some of the Japanese language's major characteristics, especially its basic system of sounds, some scholars have turned to the languages of the South Pacific, in the family of Austronesian languages, to find the Japanese language's genetic heritage.
		A current hypothesis among some Japanese historical linguists is a hybrid theory that accepts the fundamental relationship between Japanese and the Austronesian family, but that also hypothesizes that the Altaic family influenced Japanese, possibly through heavy borrowing of sentence structures and vocabulary.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761568918___16/Japanese_Language.html (281 words)

	altaic_languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Altaic languages Altaic languages family of languages consisting of three branchesandamp;mdash;Turkic, Mongolian, and Manchu-Tungusandamp;mdash;that show similarities in vocabulary, morphological and syntactic...
		Altaic is a language family which includes 60 languages spoken by about 250 million people, mostly in and around Central Asia and Far...
		The Altaic languages are a set of very distantly related Asian languages, most notably Japanese, Korean, Mongolian and Turkish, and some others such as Ainu, Tungus and the Turkic languages of Central...
	altaic_languages.networklive.org (244 words)

	Altaic hypothesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Altaic hypothesis (AH) holds that there is an Altaic language family which consists minimally of the following branches: Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic.
		While the Uralic languages (Finnic, Ugric, Samoyedic) share important typological (particularly morphophonological) features with Altaic, the Ural-Altaic hypothesis is currently considered unproven.
		In this regard it would be interesting to hear from those who specialize in numeral systems development as well as from those who deal with genealogical groups in which numeral systems are relatively less developed (e.g., among Australian languages).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Altaic_hypothesis (550 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.905: Altaic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Although the hypothesis remains controversial, a number of recent works have sought to give the impression that the controversy is long over and that the hypothesis stands refuted.
		In addition, some of the specific statements about what is supposed to be wrong with Altaic in recent publications are also utterly incorrect, notably, the assertion that the Altaic hypothesis is based on typological similarities and is not supported by lexical comparisons.
		Two, what is the state of the case for Altaic geenrally (and perhaps particularly for Japanese, since this is usually reckoned to be the most controversial part of the hypothesis).
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/5/5-905.html (341 words)

	Japanese language - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Japanese is a relative of the Altaic language family.
		Japanese is a kind of creole, with an Altaic grammatical substructure, and core Austronesian vocabulary.
		Among these specialists, the possibility of a genetic relation to Goguryeo has the most evidence; relationship to Korean is considered plausible but not demonstrated; the Altaic hypothesis has somewhat less currency.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /japanese_language.htm (4320 words)

	Altai Hypothesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Similarities of European languages with the languages of India were noted throughout the eighteenth century, though it is towards the end of the century that the hypothesis is first advanced that the similarities should be explained by the concept of a single common parent language.
		The homeland proposed by this hypothesis is the Altai mountains of Central Asia, particularly the river valleys to the north (roughly the area of the present-day Gorno-Altai Autonomous Republic of the Russian Federation).
		The hypothesis is based on the evidence of a number of different methods, all of which yield consistent results.
	www.shakespeare.uk.net /altai_hypothesis.html (3568 words)

	Speakers of Uralic and Altaic, and Old World Racial Origins
		That they mixed with Altaic speakers, as the legend of the Scythian youths and Amazon maidens would suggest, is probable, owing to their acquisition of a low cranial vault and a wide face, eastern Nordic traits which at this time were foreign to western Europe.
		The foregoing hypothesis, in reference to the origin of the Corded people, of the Turks, of the modern Altaic-speaking mongoloids, and of the Sumerians, is pure hypothesis and should not be quoted without the inclusion of a statement that it is offered as speculation only.
		In any case, the question of Uralic and Altaic origins is a part of the white racial problem, and it is intimately connected with the history of Indo-European languages and of the Nordic race.
	www.snpa.nordish.net /chapter-VII3.htm (1261 words)

	Talk:Altaic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		I strongly disagree with the claim that Altaic is mainly based on similar syntax and typology; it is practically a slander on the many linguists who have put together collections of Altaic roots, and indeed reconstructions, one of which I have linked to below.
		Some adherents of the theory note strong similarities in the pronouns and other elements of the proposed members of the family and argue that the languages may even be related through a larger family such as Nostratic, but this is popular linguistics and wishful thinking that distorts or ignores the scientific principles of historical-comparative linguistics.
		Both Uralic and 'Altaic' languages do follow the principle of vowel harmony, are agglutinative (stringing suffixes, prefixes or both onto a single root) and lack grammatical gender (see noun case).
	www.info-en.com /index.php/Talk:Altaic_languages (795 words)

	[No title]
		The many Ural-Altaic languages--constituting the Uralic and the Altaic languages--extend from Scandinavia, Hungary, and the Balkans in the west, to the easternmost reaches of the Amur and the island of Sakhalin, and from the Arctic Ocean to central Asia.
		But Altaic is not a language family in the same sense that Uralic is, for laws of correspondence such as those available for Uralic have yet to be discovered in Altaic.
		The grammatical structures of Uralic and Altaic are quite similar, and about 70 words in each group--such as the Finnish kaly, "sister-in-law," and Uigur kalin, "bride" and "daughter-in-law"--appear to be cognates.
	www.ufomind.com /area51/desert_rat/1995/dr28/rat_28_ural.txt (1806 words)

	Altaic hypothesis
		The main arguments used by the critics of the Altaic hypothesis (in recent years particularly Gerhard Doerfer and a number of European Turcologists and Mongolists) to discredit the hypothesis are mostly based upon criteria used in Indo-European research, criteria they seem to assume to be universally applicable.
		Evidence for this is found in two of the main weaknesses of the AH as alleged by the anti-Altaists:
		Quite a large number of cognates have been identified among Altaic terms for parts of the body.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/a/al/altaic_hypothesis.html (619 words)

	Search Results for Hypothesis - Encyclopædia Britannica
		The term Nostratic was proposed in 1903 by the Danish linguist Holger Pedersen to encompass Indo-European, Uralic, Altaic,...
		Hypothesis testing is a form of statistical inference that uses data from a sample to draw conclusions about a population parameter or a population probability distribution.
		The close interrelation between life and its environment, and its philosophical significance, was noted by the British chemist James E. Lovelock and the American biologist Lynn Margulis.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=Hypothesis&ct=&fuzzy=N (475 words)

	Nostratic hypothesis -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The term Nostratic was proposed in 1903 by the Danish linguist Holger Pedersen to encompass Indo-European, Uralic, Altaic, Afro-Asiatic, and possibly other language families under one broad category.
		The hypothesis states that widely distributed traits are older than those more narrowly distributed.
		It is based on the assumption that traits tend to diffuse outward in a circle from a single centre.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9000233 (790 words)

	The status of the Altaic languages (from Altaic languages) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The majority of scholars today consider a genetic relationship between these languages to have been proved and hence regard the Altaic group as a language family, basing this conclusion not only on similarities in vocabulary and language structure but on well-established systematic sound correspondences as well.
		More results on "The status of the Altaic languages (from Altaic languages)" when you join.
		Most of the evidence for including the Uralic and Altaic languages in one language family is based on similarities of language structure rather than on a common core of inherited vocabulary.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=79991 (772 words)

	Korean Sketch
		Among these hypotheses are the Altaic hypothesis, the Austronesian hypothesis, the Altaic/ Austronesian hypothesis, the Dravidian hypothesis, and the Nostratic hypothesis.
		According to this hypothesis, at some point in Korea's prehistory, dominant Altaic peoples migrated southward into Korea from the north, imposing their language and culture upon the native peoples who inhabited the Korean Peninsula at that time.
		This hypothesis argues that an Altaic group entered Korea from the north while and Austronesian group entered Korea from the south, resulting in a language clash on the peninsula between the two language families that produced the Korean language.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~sford/research/korean2 (2021 words)

	C I I L (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The hypothesis that there exists a distant genetic relationship between Dravidian and Scythian, albeit a hypothetical family comprising the Uralian, the Turkic, the Mongolic, and the Tungusic languages has attracted the attention of a considerable number of researchers in the field (Burrow 1943, Menges 1969, Bouda 1953, Vachek 1983, 86).
		If this hypothesis were to be tested today one would take a practical and more realistic approach by establishing first the genetic relationship between Dravidian with one of the well established and unquestioned subgroup or sub-family i.e.
		1.0 Introduction: The hypothesis that Dravidian and Mongolian are related is as old as the establishment of the Dravidian family of languages itself.
	www.ciil.org /announcement/MBE_programme/paper/paper17.htm (6989 words)

	LINGUISTIC SHADOW-BOXING
		AM discards the hypothesis of a common Ugric proto-language on the basis of well-known phonological difficulties with the reconstruction, as well as an historical argument: she claims that the belief in Hungaro-Ob-Ugric relatedness is merely based on the erroneous etymology hungarus ~ Yugria.
		Beside the classical typological cycle hypothesis (isolating > agglutinating > fusional > isolating), which actually represents a coarse simplification of the complicated, polysystemic linguistic reality, [8] there are many good examples of retrogradic developments, typological cross-currents (cf.
		Subsequently, AM presents her opinions on genetics in the length of one page (the reviewer withholds her own ones), and, finally, the picture is "completed" with a page-long survey on archaeology, where the criticism against Siberian primeval home hypotheses is misinterpreted as applying for Urheimat hypotheses in general.
	homepage.univie.ac.at /Johanna.Laakso/am_rev.html (4358 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.908: Altaic
		Evidence for this is found in two of the main weaknesses of the AH as alleged by the anti-Altaists: (2.1) Absence or scarcity of cognates among numeral.
		However, we also agreed that lexical comparisons, to be probative and historically interesting, needed to be made in the context of a hypothesis of a proto Penutian morphosyntax, and it became clear that future research is going to have to be strongly reconstructive in nature, however those reconstructions are arrived at or supported.
		Altaic, like Penutian, is clearly a useful arena for historical investigation.
	www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de /linguist/issues/5/5-908.html (1725 words)

	Altaic Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In fact, the connection between the members of the Altaic family (Turkic, Mongolian, Tungusic) is not accepted by all linguists and there is even more controversy when Japanese and Korean are included in the family.
		Formerly, linguists thought that the Altaic family had a genetic relationship with the Uralic family (Hungarian, Finnish, Estonian etc.), but this hypothesis has been rejected for the most part.
		Altaic languages have not received the attention they deserve, and their exact relationship is still puzzling even to the linguists that specialize in them.
	www.concentric.net /~chanska/home/altaic.html (317 words)

	Fuyu languages - TheBestLinks.com - Altaic languages, Hypothesis, Japan, Korean language, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Fuyu languages or Buyeo languages are a hypothetical language family that would relate the languages of Fuyu, Goguryeo, Baekje and the Japonic languages, and place them together as a family under the hypothetical Altaic languages.
		The Fuyu languages hypothesis does not include the language of Silla, considered to be the ancestor of the modern Korean language, but many supporters of the Altaic languages theory include Korean as an Altaic language as well.
		Some scholars have proposed the hypothetical language family of Han languages that includes the languages spoken in Byeonhan, Mahan, and Jinhan, the proto-states known collectively as the Samhan that preceded Silla, Baekje, and Gaya in Southern Korea.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Fuyu_languages.html (296 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Fuyu languages
		The Fuyu languages or Buyeo languages are a hypothetical language family that would relate the languages of Fuyu, Goguryeo, Baekje and the Japonic languages, and possibly place them together as a family under the hypothetical Altaic family.
		In particular, Goguryeo and Baekje asserted themselves to be descended from Fuyu, and both traditionally had close relations and kinship with Yamato Japan until they ultimately fell to the kingdom of Silla.
		The Fuyu languages hypothesis does not include the language of Silla, considered to be the ancestor of the modern Korean language, but many supporters of the Altaic theory include Korean as an Altaic language as well.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Fuyu_languages (390 words)

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