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Topic: Alternative fuel

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	Alternative fuel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alternative fuel, also known as non-conventional fuels, is any material or substance, other than petroleum (oil), which is consumed to provide energy to power an engine.
		Some alternative fuels are biodiesel, ethanol, butanol, chemically stored electricity (batteries and fuel cells), hydrogen, methane, natural gas, wood, and vegetable oil.
		Most alternative fuels assume a source of renewable energy or at least sustainable energy (such as nuclear power) as a source of the fuel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alternative_fuel (2269 words)

	Alternative fuel cars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		With heavy taxes on fuel, particularly in Europe and tightening environmental laws, particularly in California, and the possibility of further restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions, work on alternative power systems for vehicles continues.
		The fuel mixture is automatically detected by one or more sensors, and once detected, the ECU tunes the timing of spark plugs and fuel injectors so that the fuel will burn cleanly in the vehicle's internal combustion engine.
		The fuel is burned in a boiler and the heat converts water into steam.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alternative_fuel_cars (3338 words)

	New alternative fuel source for the combustion engine.
		The company's entry into the alternative fuel arena stemmed from its experience in the construction industry and a recognition of the increasingly restrictive government guidelines regarding air quality and emissions.
		The original concept of company directors was to identify an alternative fuel source that was clean, safe and affordable for construction applications that did not result in a loss of horsepower, efficiency or convenience.
		Significant field testing of the AFuels' acetylene fuel technology has taken place during the course of the past three years and, in 2003, emissions test reports were certified for applications of the new technology in stationary power generation engines and automotive engine scenarios.
	www.afuelsllc.com /story.htm (367 words)

	Alternative Fuel Vehicles
		In terms of share of consumption, the largest Federal alternative fuel users are the United States Postal Service (60 percent) and the Department of Defense (19 percent).
		The most commonly used alternative fuels are compressed natural gas at 63 percent, E-85 (85 percent ethanol, 15 percent gasoline) at 25 percent, and B-20 biodiesel (20 percent vegetable oil, 80 percent diesel) at 8 percent.
		Alternative fuels are not restricted to use in only land vehicles.
	www.ofee.gov /wpr/altfuel.htm (757 words)

	Hydrogen Fuel System Integration; Alternative Natural Gas Systems For Vehicles
		Alternative fuels can be especially advantageous to your business when they are produced under non-peak periods, when the cost of fuel / energy is at its lowest, and then utilized under peak demand periods, when the cost of fuel / energy is at its highest.
		Alternative energy systems produce fewer harmful emissions that are detrimental to the environment.
		Like with fuel cells, the electrical output can be used to power operating systems at a cheaper rate during on-peak electrical times, or it can be used in a “grid parallel” mode.
	www.alternative-energy-engineering.com /fuel-system-integration.htm (658 words)

	Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Alternative fuels, as defined by the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct), include ethanol, natural gas, propane, hydrogen, biodiesel, electricity, methanol, and p-series fuels*.
		Use these alternative fuels pages to learn more about the fuels, their benefits, and how they can be used in personal and fleet vehicles.
		Lower-level biodiesel blends are not considered alternative fuels, but covered fleets can earn one EPAct credit for every 450 gallons of B100 purchased for use in blends of 20% or higher.
	www.eere.energy.gov /afdc/altfuel/altfuels.html (197 words)

	A Student's Guide to Alternative Fuel Vehicles
		An alternative fuel vehicle is a vehicle that runs on alternative fuels.
		Almost all of the fuel we use for transportation is made from petroleum.
		By increasing alternative fuel use, such as natural gas and electricity, consumers have fuel choices that compete with gasoline and diesel, broaden our supply base, and have lower environmental impacts.
	www.energyquest.ca.gov /transportation/index.html (541 words)

	Availability of Alternative Fuel Vehicles
		A manufacturer producing alternative fuel vehicles that meet specific energy efficiency and minimum driving range requirements (at least 200 miles) may be able to raise their overall fleet fuel economy performance by manufacturing these vehicles.
		Special fuel sensors were developed to aid in maintaining performance and making the transition from gasoline to the alternative fuel seamless in the operation and performance of the vehicle.
		That same study found that if alternative fuel vehicles are produced in large scale production runs and the retail availability of alternative fuel is equivalent to gasoline, there would be a 32% penetration of alternative fuel vehicles into the marketplace by the year 2010 and a 7% penetration of alternative fuels in the same year.
	www.nhtsa.dot.gov /cars/rules/rulings/CAFE/alternativefuels/availability1.htm (5082 words)

	Department of Energy Alternative Fuel Descriptions
		The move towards alternative fuels is intended to reduce dependence on foreign oil, diversify transportation fuel supply, and improve air quality.
		This fuel, commonly known as propane, is the most widely used alternative fuel in Oregon at this time.
		Hybrids are not typically referred to as a separate alternative fuel but the technology is found in many new alternative fuel vehicles.
	oregon.gov /ENERGY/TRANS/fueldes.shtml (1463 words)

	Arizona Alternative Fuel FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Alternative fuel is so named because the fuels are considered alternatives to the conventional vehicle fuels of gasoline and diesel.
		An Arizona alternative fuel vehicle is "a self-propelled motor vehicle that is registered and titled in this state for operation on the highways and that is primarily propelled by an alternative fuel." It can come from the factory as an AFV or be converted to an AFV.
		Arizona alternative fuels for vehicles are natural gas, propane, electricity, solar energy, hydrogen, and 85% ethanol and methanol if the vehicle used the ethanol or methanol before August 21, 1998.
	www.savenrg.com /altfuelFAQ.htm (14402 words)

	Energy Policy Act (EPAct): Alternative Fuel Designation Authority
		Alternative fuels support the requirements of the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) (Titles III and V) that cover Federal, state, and alternative fuel provider fleets.
		Federal fleets are also required to use alternative fuels under Executive Order 13149.
		Section 301(2) of EPAct defines alternative fuels, and sets forth authority for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to add more alternative fuels to the list of authorized alternative fuels, which are defined in Section 301(2).
	www1.eere.energy.gov /vehiclesandfuels/epact/petition/index.html (447 words)

	USATODAY.com - Researchers work to make alternative jet fuel affordable (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Government and corporate researchers are looking into ways to power commercial jet engines with alternative fuels, although many caution that widespread use could be years or even decades away.
		One alternative researchers are studying is biodiesel, which can be made from soybeans, corn and other products, and is used in some cars and trucks today.
		Although research into commercial jet fuel alternatives is still in the early stages, some expect quicker success in using alternative fuel for specialized aircraft.
	www.usatoday.com /tech/science/2006-06-19-alternative-jet-fuels_x.htm (1110 words)

	T-Shirt Fiend: Fuel alternative rock tshirt
		After laying low for two and a half years, Fuel came back with their second album, Something Like Human, in 2000, and scored a Top 40 hit with "Hemorrage (In My Hands)" (#17), as well as going platinum with the album.
		Fuel released its greatest hits album, The Best of Fuel on December 13th, 2005.
		Fuel was forced to call off tour dates after an on-stage accident lead to lead singer Brett Scallions' nose being broken.
	tshirtfiend.com /fuel_alternative_rock_tshirt.php (260 words)

	Alternative Fuel Sources Are No Secret
		Automakers are looking to Washington for help in dealing with rising fuel costs but the alternatives to gasoline engines are pretty widely known and already in use in other parts of the world.
		Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for the diesel engine and is high on the list of choices by environmentalists.
		E85 is an alternative to gasoline and is comprised of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline.
	www.consumeraffairs.com /news04/2006/05/alternative_fuel.html (1175 words)

	Covering electric, hybrid, fuel cell, natural gas, propane, hydrogen and biofuel vehicles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Alternative Fuel Vehicle Group newsletters are the most widely read and respected publications covering alternative fuel vehicles.
		AltFuels Advisor covers all alternative fuel vehicles including natural gas, propane, hydrogen and biofuels.
		Describes the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen as a fuel and the current state of hydrogen-fueled vehicles.
	www.altfuels.com (246 words)

	Alternative Fuel Vehicles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The vehicles are designed to run on regular unleaded gasoline and an alcohol fuel (either ethanol or methanol) in any mixture - for example, 100% gasoline, E85 (85% ethanol, 15% gasoline), or M85 (85% methanol, 15% gasoline) or any combination of these fuels.
		One fuel system is usually designed to run on gasoline or diesel, in order to assure a readily available fuel source.
		LPG has been used to provide energy for transportation for over 60 years, and LPG vehicles are the most common alternative fuel vehicles.
	www.fueleconomy.gov /feg/current.shtml (276 words)

	Glencoe Science: WebQuest
		Some alternative fuels have been developed that can be added to gasoline to reduce the overall cost.
		Most alternative fuels can be considered renewable resources because they can be replenished easily, and can never run out.
		Click on fuel facts in the bar at the top of the page to see topics on the fuel fact sheet, then read more about biodiesel fuels and their advantages.
	www.glencoe.com /sec/science/webquest/content/altfuels.shtml (946 words)

	Alternative Fuel Vehicles
		Increased concerns over fossil fuel consumption associated with vehicle emissions, urban air quality and the US dependence on foreign oil have heightened interest in the use of alternative fuel for vehicles.
		The study used life-cycle analysis to analyze the implications of various fossil fuels, ethanol and biomass, and electricity, together with current and advanced internal combustion engines and electricity vehicles.
		After weighing the costs and impacts of battery-powered cars, hybrids, fuel cells and natural gas, Green Design analysis concluded that the green car of the next decade will be powered by an internal combustion engine running on cellulosic ethanol.
	www.cmu.edu /greenpractices/green_initiatives/alternative_fuel.html (297 words)

	United States and Canada Homepage > Products > Bus > Alternative Fuel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		While starting with just three platforms, we expect our alternative fuel technologies to be applied across a broad range of engines.
		What you may not know is that with our joint venture Cummins Westport we are also the undisputed leader in the development and manufacturing of alternative fuel engines, for use in buses, trucks and all types of other regional/urban vocational vehicles.
		Today, there are nearly 8,000 Cummins Westport-powered alternative fuel vehicles on the road, with over 300 million miles logged, and a multitude of ratings available from 195 to 280 horsepower for CNG (compressed natural gas), LNG (liquid natural gas) or LPG (propane) fuels.
	www.cummins.com /na/pages/en/products/bus/ratingsalternativefuel.cfm (787 words)

	Going bush with renewables bio fuel alternative from The Encyclopedia of free energy,energy21.org,energy 21 org Geoff ...
		While the stove doesn’t use a large amount of fuel (around a litre for two weeks of cooking), it bothers me that I am using fossil fuels to make my meals in the middle of the wilderness.
		There is also the issue of the inevitable drips of fuel from the fuel line giving clothes and food in my pack an unpleasant aroma, not to mention the odd splash that gets on your hands when packing up.
		Fuel stoves work by forcing a liquid fuel into a hot tube below the burner where it becomes gaseous and ignites as it is sprayed out of the jet.
	www.icestuff.com /~energy21/renewable.htm (921 words)

	U.S. Alternative Fuel Technologies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		For these reasons there is an every increasing need for the conversion of renewable resources to liquid alternative fuels and greater availability of vehicles that use them.
		Through a collaboration of local, state, national and international organizations and public, private, non-profit, academic and media partnerships we will participate in, encourage and provide greater access to and the delivery of alternative fuels, flex fuel vehicles, and alternative fuel methods of distribution across the nation.
		We are presently developing a method for conversion of pre-owned vehicles to flex fuel vehicles.
	usalternativefueltechnologies.com (428 words)

	Vehicle Fueling Stations, NGV / CNG Refueling, Alternative Fuel Systems
		Beginning in 1993, DMA began to focus on the applications of alternative fuel systems, vehicle fueling technologies, and sustainable energy technology like fuel cells.
		Our fueling engineering experience has allowed DMA to participate in many alternative energy system projects with some of the most prominent corporations in the alternative fuels industry.
		Engineering and project management for a gaseous hydrogen generation and storage facility for a vehicle fueling and electrical power generation system utilizing fuel cells and external combustion engine / generators.
	www.alternative-energy-engineering.com /alternative-fuel-technologies.htm (644 words)

	EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page
		The Alternative Fuels Data Center is a vast collection of information on alternative fuels and the vehicles that use them.
		Alternative fuels described here are those defined by the Energy Policy Act of 1992, including biodiesel, electricity, ethanol, hydrogen, natural gas, and propane.
		This site has more than 3,000 documents in its database, an interactive fuel station mapping system, current listings of available alternative fuel vehicles, and lots of alternative fuels information and related links.
	www.eere.energy.gov /afdc/index.html (75 words)

	Arizona Alternative Fuel News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		She wants rules that exceed statutory authority, that are not consistent with the legislative intent and history of Arizona alt fuel legislation, and that are not made by the agency in charge.
		He linked the lack of using alt fuel with a section of the State Constitution that prohibits donations and the thought that giving state money to somebody for an alt fuel vehicle that never uses the alt fuel aspect of their alt fuel vehicle may be receiving a donation from the state, which is prohibited.
		They have also added a question about proving use of alt fuel and they state that the provision to use 100 gallons of fuel per year that was part of the tax year 1999 requirements has been stricken from the law for tax year 2000.
	www.savenrg.com /altfuelnews.htm (8195 words)

	The Alternative-fuel Vehicle Directory
		There are EV conversions, the electrochemistry of batteries and fuel cells, U.S. Government research sites, university hybrid projects, regional EV associations and international automobile manufacturers, among others.
		Fuel Cells 2000 provides information to policy makers and the public; supports the early utilization of fuel cells by such means as pilot projects and government purchases; conducts activities designed to foster education, training and as supportive; legal and regulatory environment for fuel cells and related technologies."
		The Northeast Alternative Vehicle Consortium is "a non-profit association of private and public sector companies and agencies, working together to promote the advance of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) technologies in the Northeast U.S."
	facultystaff.vwc.edu /~gnoe/avd.htm (6641 words)

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