
	Where results make sense

Topic: Alternative propulsion

	Alternative propulsion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alternative propulsion is a term used frequently for power train concepts differing to the standard internal combustion engine concept used in gasoline- or diesel-fueled vehicles.
		Alternative propulsion is not limited to automobiles, however; it can also apply to types of spacecraft propulsion beyond solid- or liquid-fueled rockets.
		Propulsion methods such as the ion thruster and solar sail are examples of alternative propulsion options for spacecraft.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alternative_propulsion (345 words)

	Fuel cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Manufacturing hydrogen requires a hydrogen carrier (typically fossil fuels, though water is an alternative), as well as electricity, which is widely generated by conventional fuels (fossil fuel or nuclear power).
		While alternative energy sources like wind and solar power could also be used, they are prohibitively expensive at present.
		As an alternative to electrolysis, hydrogen can be generated from methane (the primary component of natural gas) with approximately 80% efficiency, or with other hydrocarbons to a varying degree of efficiency.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fuel-cells (2810 words)

	WHY NOW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		To break through the limitations of rockets, it is necessary to search for alternative propulsion methods with different physical principles.
		The propulsive implications of such emerging science is not a major concern to the general scientific community, however.
		Instead, much of modern physics is focused on understanding the origins and age of the universe, answering the question of the missing matter of the universe, and probing the physics of fl holes and high-energy particle interactions.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/bpp/bpp_WHY.htm (957 words)

	Act No (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		(b) "Alternative energy marine propulsion system" means an onboard propulsion system or detachable outboard propulsion system for a watercraft that is powered by a fuel cell energy system, photovoltaic energy system, or advanced battery cell energy system and that is the singular propulsion system for the watercraft.
		Alternative energy marine propulsion system does not include battery powered motors designed to assist in the propulsion of the watercraft during fishing or other recreational use.
		Alternative energy technology does not include those component parts of an alternative energy system that are required regardless of the energy source.
	www.dsireusa.org /documents/Incentives/MI18F.htm (2424 words)

	Alternative Propulsion Systems
		NASA and other researchers are focusing on new propulsion areas such as magnetic lifters, rail guns and plasma thrusters (which uses magnetic fields to accellerate plasma) to name a few.
		Propulsion would come by the smaller mass (the vehicle) exhibiting zero or negative mass.
		Therefore, the greatest propulsion energy will be made at ground level during takeoff, where it is needed most and decrease with altitude.
	ecklund.tripod.com /index.html (2329 words)

	Alternative in TutorGig Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		An alternative lifestyle is a mode or style of conducting one s life that is considerably removed from the generally perceived norm.
		An alternative weekly, alternately referred to as an alternative newsweekly or alternative newspaper, is a form of alternative media newspaper found in many centres in the United States and Canada.
		Alternative Egyptology is a broad set of alternative theories that are evolving into an alternative explanation of certain aspects of Ancient Egypt.
	www.tutorgig.com /es/Alternative (757 words)

	Appropriate technology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Another commonly encountered approach to the term "appropriate technology" is when it is used to describe specific technologies, like wind power, that provide an alternative to fossil fuels.
		For instance, in recent years some consumers have heard the criticism that SUVs are not appropriate to transport one person from A to B on flat terrain and without transporting goods.
		The other extreme is the use of Alternative propulsion, which may involve investing more in the means (say, a car or motorcycle) than the average citizen can afford.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Appropriate_technology (1244 words)

	Training
		The mechanics involved in the generation of propulsive forces received scarce attention until the late 1960s when Counsilman published his famous kinematic analysis of the swimming strokes and began to speculate on the fluid dynamic mechanism of propulsion.
		Previously, propulsive forces on the surface of the hand were thought to be created in a similar fashion to those on the surface of an oar.
		Again, the calculated quasi-steady forces were considerably lower (17%) than the measured propulsive forces (M.A.D.-system) (Berger et al., 1997), suggesting that significant unsteady mechanisms must be present.
	www.ifkb.nl /b4/propulsion.html (677 words)

	Final Gallery
		Some of the alternative propulsion concepts that seem to qualify some the criteria are antimatter propulsion and electric/chemical propulsion or ion propulsion.
		Ion propulsion is âa technology that involves ionizing a gas to propel a craft.â The gas that is ionized is gas xenon.
		Now looking at all the alternative propulsion systems I have mentioned above the use of the chemical engine we have today is not as conventional as that of the alternative propulsion systems that are being proposed.
	aerospacescholars.jsc.nasa.gov /has/Students/finalGall.cfm?id=4072 (557 words)

	alproze - alternative propulsion for zero emission - \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
		The proposal is intended to establish a network of organisations from across the whole spectrum of maritime industry in Europe who are involved in research or development of novel ship propulsion concepts.
		The strategic objective of the network is to facilitate a leap in the development of ship propulsion, which will make it possible to put these concepts into practice within a time frame of 5 to 7 years.
		Coordinate the research effort on these concepts in order to ensure that it is focused on the main challenges and obstacles.
	www.inocean.no /alproze (130 words)

	The AIP Alternative
		It was an elusive target until the introduction of nuclear propulsion in the mid-1950s.
		But nuclear propulsion was, and is, too costly for all but five of the world's major navies.
		The development of air-independent propulsion systems actually began during World War II, when the Soviet Union and Germany developed AIP systems for their submarines.
	www.navyleague.org /seapower/aip_alternative.htm (1966 words)

	MAN B&W - PRESS->PRESS RELEASES->MARINE POWER->MEDIUM-SPEED->MEDIUM-SPEED ARCHIVE 2003
		Even if new propulsion systems should supersede the economy of diesel engines during the next decades, it will be a long road to reach the necessary infrastructure.
		An alternative to diesel engines are gas turbines which are already in service in the marine sector and move navy vessels, high-speed ferries and various modern cruise vessels.
		Although the fuel cell has not yet been fully developed as an alternative propulsion system for international shipping, the public makes it appear to be the technology of the future, above all due to its environmental compatibility.
	www.manbw.com /web/viewers/news/ArticleViewer.aspx?id=2869 (865 words)

	GM Sustainability: Product Design and Performance: Design for Environment: Alternative Fuels, Propulsion Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		We have also established ambitious targets for developing vehicles with other alternate propulsion sources and systems, including fuel cells and several hybrid combinations of alternate propulsion and traditional internal combustion.
		The fuel cell is a realistic alternative to the internal combustion engine, and is now under intense development.
		Alternative fuels in today's motor vehicles offer environmental benefits while helping to bridge the transition from the internal combustion-gasoline powered vehicle to tomorrow's advanced technology vehicles.
	www.gm.com /company/gmability/sustainability/reports/01/product_design/design_enviroment/altfuels_propulsion.html (1630 words)

	GAO Report
		Although the follow- on propulsion module has since been terminated due to projected cost increases in the space station as a whole, you asked that we analyze the initial propulsion module project to help NASA avoid similar problems in the future.
		Eliminating these requirements meant that the propulsion module had to return to earth for refueling; the concept of returnability had not been fully analyzed; thus, a new design team had to be established to assess these impacts.
		Specifically, the alternative propulsion module had to provide space station attitude and orbit maneuver control, be located on the U. segment of the station, leave two ports available for other vehicles to dock to the station, meet space station safety requirements, and initially provide 50 percent of the space station?s propulsion needs.
	www.globalsecurity.org /space/library/report/gao/gao-01-633.htm (4985 words)

	Holland Marine Equipment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		Topics involve: main components of a propulsion plant and their functions, load and drive characteristics, types of energy conversion, direct drive propulsion, geared drive, multiple shafts and combined drives, electrical concepts, all electric ship concept, and hybrid drives.
		In the international workshop ‘Marine Propulsion’ you will be trained to understand the specific characteristics of ships, engines, transmission systems, and propulsors and what to look for when they are matched.
		Wärtsilä Propulsion is involved in several international research projects in the field.
	www.hme.nl /association/events.asp?calendartypeid=-1&calendarid=58 (801 words)

	Geometry.Net - Science: Propulsion
		Because the propulsion goals are presumably far from fruition, a special emphasis is to identify affordable, near-term, and credible research that could make measurable progress toward these propulsion goals.
		Propulsion Polymers is a manufacturer of small hybrid rocket motors, and related support equipment, for the hobby rocketry community.
		Propulsion polymers produces motors in 22mm, 38mm, 54mm, and 100mm diameters, covering total impulse ranges from 10NS to 15,000NS (NAR designation C to N).
	www.geometry.net /science/propulsion.php (2313 words)

	DaimlerChrysler - Sustainability (Economy, Environment, Social) - Ecology - Energy for the Future (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		Yet it is the reduction of CO2-emissions in road traffic that will continue to be one of the primary challenges for the future viability of the automotive industry.
		The conventional combustion engine with its far-from-exploited potential is motivation enough for DaimlerChrysler to continue to work in a focussed and successful manner on the optimisation of this time-tested form of propulsion.
		Alternative propulsion concepts – such as hybrid or fuel cell systems – and new biogenous or renewable fuels represent the key elements to enable us to reach our objectives.
	www.daimlerchrysler.com /dccom/0,,0-5-7165-1-142465-1-0-0-0-0-0-8-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0,00.html (292 words)

	International Market Research - Clean Air: Alternative Fuel and Propulsion Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		The pressing need to find alternative fuels has significantly increased and will be extremely necessary in twenty or thirty years, at which time there is projected to be a shortage of fuel occurring approximately in the year 2040.
		Today, automobile manufactures are working on several projects to develop alternative propulsion systems, some of them using derivates of petroleum as diesel or bio-diesel, creating vehicles with electrical propulsion, and generating electricity by diesel or natural gas engines or new hydrogen motors.
		The first experiment in Spain utilizing natural gas as a propulsion system in public transportation was in 1993; it was part of the ECOBUS project financed by the European program “Thermie”.
	strategis.ic.gc.ca /epic/internet/inimr-ri.nsf/en/gr109865e.html (1303 words)

	NASA Marshall Center to Host Space Propulsion Conference in Huntsville July 20-23 \| SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		Some of the propulsion technologies to be discussed during the conference's technical workshops and discussions may hold the key to long-term space exploration in the near future.
		"Propulsion is of special significance to our city because of the leading role played by the Marshall Center in the advancement of propulsion technology and its role in future space transportation.
		NASA's Marshall Center is a key leader in the Agency's space propulsion research and development activities -- from Space Shuttle propulsion elements and conventional rockets, to innovative kerosene and liquid oxygen engines intended to launch next-generation spacecraft to orbit, to alternative propulsion technologies meant to carry them deep into the Solar System and beyond.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=12089 (598 words)

	alternative auxiliary propulsion - Boat Design Forums
		Electric propulsion might be a competive option, depending on the requirements.
		A belts-and-suspenders combination would be to have an IC engine for propulsion, a genset, and one or two small electric motors.
		I'm very interested in alternative energy because the motor in my 44 footer is a 120hp two stroke that consumes a quart a mile under load.
	www.boatdesign.net /Forums/showthread.php?t=1879 (1618 words)

	ITSF Brochure: Propulsion Techniques: Solar- or Light Sails
		Alternatives to light sails include microwave sails, particle sails, magnetic sails, and laser or solar thermal or electrical propulsion.
		Basically, the light sail is a use of James C. Maxwell’s discovery in 1873 that light reflected in a mirror applied pressure to the mirror.
		The tests seemed to be for Earth-surface illuminatory purposes, but were also a test of alternative propulsion methods.
	www.itsf.org /brochure/solarsail.html (1371 words)

	Penn College Courses: Vehicle Propulsion Systems: Application and Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		The operating principles for alternative fueled engines, which burn Ethanol, Methanol, compressed natural gas (CNB), or propane (LPG) will be presented along with procedures for the conversion of engines to use an alternative fuel.
		In addition, the techniques for maintenance, refueling, and repair of alternatively fueled vehicles and how they differ from the procedures used for traditional gasoline powered vehicles will be discussed.
		Students will learn how different fuels and automotive propulsion technologies could change social interactions, employment of automotive technicians (how technical workers are managed and businesses are operated), and the automotive industry and world economy.
	www.pct.edu /courdesc/AMT336.shtml (137 words)

	T2RERC: Development: Demand Pull: Technology Available: Lever Drive Propulsion System
		LifeGroup International, LLC is offering an alternative means of manual wheelchair propulsion for the 1.4 million Americans who use them as their primary means of mobility (LaPlante, 2003).
		Biomechanical studies involving wheelchair propulsion have indicated that hand-rim wheelchair propulsion is a significant risk factor for shoulder pain and injury among wheelchair users (Veeger, Rozendaal, and Van der Helm, 2002; Van der Wounde, Veeger, Dallmeijer, Janssen and Rozendaal, 2001).
		The move from a manual to an electric wheelchair represents a critical loss of independent propulsion capabilities and cardiovascular health for people who use wheelchairs as their primary means of mobility.
	cosmos.ot.buffalo.edu /t2rerc/development/demandpull/tech_disclosures/lever_drive.htm (1009 words)

	GM - 2004 CRR: Products, Alternative Propulsion Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		Alternative propulsion is a key part of our long-term strategy and includes:
		Hybrid vehicles –; we are focusing considerable resources on producing affordable and effective gas-electric and diesel-electric hybrid technologies.
		Key Initiatives – some examples of how GM is working with others to make the hydrogen economy a reality.
	www.gm.com /company/gmability/sustainability/reports/04/400_products/420_alt_ove.html (150 words)

	NABI Bus Industries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		In addition to conventional diesel engines, NABI's buses may be equipped with CNG (compressed natural gas) or LNG (liquefied natural gas) propulsion systems as well.
		In case of CNG propelled models fuel is stored in high pressurized fiber reinforced reservoirs situated on roof of the bus, while in case of LNG models, fuel is stored at extra low temperatures in thermal insulated cryogenic reservoirs situated in the back (attic) of the bus.
		As a result of their popularity among operators, NABI delivered 682 natural gas propelled buses to US customers in 2001, which represented 72% of the Company's deliveries to US transit bus operators that year.
	www.nabi.hu /en/products_innovation/index_0B6F67466DE4469DA933B679D6721CC4.php (230 words)

	TRA2E476 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		First, an overview is given of new transport concepts based on new propulsion systems, with an indication of their main disadvantages.
		There are however a number of alternative propulsion systems and fuels that may improve urban air quality by reducing emissions.
		Electric propulsion projects are threatened by policy barriers more than average and by a lack of refueling infrastructure less than average, since electricity can in principle be obtained from any standard electric outlet.
	www.jrc.es /pages/iptsreport/vol47/english/TRA2E476.htm (3234 words)

	ABS Press Release - Sep 22, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-01)
		These alternatives are addressed in the new ABS Guide for Propulsion Systems for LNG Carriers, the first such comprehensive set of standards to have been issued by a classification society.
		At the heart of the differing propulsion systems debate is economics together with safety concerns over the manner in which boil off gas (BOG) is treated.
		One is to use it as fuel for propulsion or secondly to re-liquefy and return it back to the tanks.
	www.eagle.org /news/press/sep22-2005.html (603 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)