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Topic: Altitude

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	Altitude - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum.
		Above a transition altitude, which varies by nation, pressure altitude is used to set the altimeter.
		Density altitude is the altitude in the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) at which the air density is equal to local conditions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Altitude (636 words)

	OA Guide to High Altitude: Acclimatization and Illnesses
		High altitude-we all enjoy that tremendous view from a high summit, but there are risks in going to high altitude, and it's important to understand these risks.
		If you have been at that altitude before with no problem, you can probably return to that altitude without problems as long as you are properly acclimatized.
		As altitude increases, the concentration remains the same but the number of oxygen molecules per breath is reduced.
	www.princeton.edu /~oa/safety/altitude.html (2783 words)

	CYCLING PERFORMANCE TIPS - training at altitude
		As altitude increases above sea level, atmospheric (or barometric) pressure drops with a parallel decrease in the amount of oxygen available at the blood/air interface in the lung alveolus.
		The capillary concentration in skeletal muscle is increased in animals living at altitude compared to those at sea level, and muscle biopsies in acclimatized men have demonstrated an increase in myoglobin, mitochondria, and metabolic enzymes necessary for aerobic energy transfer.
		An altitude of 2500 to 2800 meters maintains a balance between stimulating erythropoietin and minimizing the effects of acute mountain sickness that occur with increasing frequency at higher elevations.
	www.cptips.com /altitud.htm (2233 words)

	Altitude Sickness \| AHealthyMe.com
		Altitude sickness is a general term encompassing a spectrum of disorders that occur at higher altitudes.
		Since the severity of symptoms varies with altitude, it is important to understand the range of the different altitudes that may be involved.
		High altitude is defined as height greater than 8,000 feet (2,438m); medium altitude is defined as height between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,524-2,438m); and extreme altitude is defined as height greater than 19,000 feet (5,791 m).
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic13676 (1194 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 20, Ch. 281, Altitude Sickness
		This form is the most common and may develop at altitudes as low as 6500 ft (2000 m).
		HAPE is a high-pressure edema with increased microvascular permeability.
		Altitude sickness is best prevented by slow ascent, but the safe rate of ascent varies among individuals.
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual/section20/chapter281/281a.htm (1790 words)

	Astronomical Leage - Astro Note 11: Celestial Coordinate Systems
		Altitude, designated a, is measured perpendicular to the horizon.
		If the altitude is greater than 90 degrees, it should be measured from a point on the horizon 180 degrees away in azimuth.
		As with altitude, a declination greater than 90 degrees should be measured from a right ascension 12h (=180 degrees) away so that the correct value is always within the +/-90 degree range.
	www.astroleague.org /al/astrnote/astnot11.html (607 words)

	Pardoes Altitude & Acclimatization Page
		A general discussion of the problems of high altitude is followed by a section on the process of acclimatization.
		Quite apart from the altitude (which makes it difficult to develop a relaxed involuntary breathing pattern) the cold, noise and general discomfort are impediments to a good night's rest.
		The relationship between altitude and air pressure and temperature is complex and depends on a number of secondary factors such as the latitude and the humidity.
	www.pardoes.com /climbing/acclima.htm (4530 words)

	Altitude Sickness and Atmospheric Pressure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Altitude sickness is caused by the lack of oxygen in the air available for breathing.
		The incidence and severity of A.M.S. are related to altitude, speed of ascent, physical exertion and prior acclimatisation.
		The incidence at altitudes between 2500m and 4500m is between 1% and 10%.
	www.personal.usyd.edu.au /~gerhard/pressure.html (1621 words)

	Altitude Sickness
		Altitude illness is caused by the lack of oxygen in our thin mountain air.
		Acute Mountain Sickness is a mild form of altitude sickness which effects 20% to 30% of visitors to Colorado.
		The incidence and severity of A.M.S. are related to altitude, speed of ascent, physical exertion and prior acclimatization.
	www.highcountryaerie.net /altitude.htm (614 words)

	High altitude: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The composition and temperature of the atmosphere at high altitude is substantially different than at sea level.
		High altitude is sometimes defined to begin at 1500 m above sea level.
		Altitude sickness (also: acute mountain sickness (ams) or altitude illness) is a pathological condition that is caused by lack of adaptation to high altitude]...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/hi/high_altitude.htm (1309 words)

	Sun or Moon Altitude/Azimuth Table (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The altitude and azimuth values are tabulated as a function of the standard time of the place requested (daylight time is not used) on a 24-hour clock.
		The altitude and azimuth values are for the center of the apparent disk of the Sun or Moon.
		The altitude values include the effect of standard atmospheric refraction when the object is above the horizon.
	aa.usno.navy.mil /data/docs/AltAz.html (442 words)

	Altitude: Acclimatization To Intermediate Altitudes
		Laboratory studies using hypobaric chambers to duplicate the effects of altitudes of 4,000 to 8,000 meters have shown a diminished cardiac output at maximal exercise.
		An individual's initial response to the lowered oxygen tension at altitude is to increase ventilation, by increasing the rate and volume of breaths.
		While they may be used by the uninformed altitude traveler to improve the poor quality of sleep that is commonly experienced, the consequence of their ingestion is the further reduction in arterial oxygen saturation during sleep cycling.
	www.sportsci.org /encyc/altitaccl/altitaccl.html (1967 words)

	Altitude (astronomy) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For other uses of the term, see Altitude (disambiguation).
		In astronomy and surveying, altitude (sometimes called elevation) is one of the two coordinates of the horizontal coordinate system, and refers to the vertical angle from the horizon.
		Solar Altitude function for Excel, CAD or your other programs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Altitude_(astronomy) (135 words)

	All about altitudes
		In a triangle, an altitude is a segment of the line through a vertex perpendicular to the opposite side.
		An altitude is the portion of the line between the vertex and the foot of the perpendicular.
		The same is true for the vertices B and C. Therefore, H is the isogonal conjugate of the circumcenter O.
	www.cut-the-knot.org /triangle/altitudes.shtml (1337 words)

	Density Altitude Calculator - English
		Density altitude is defined as the altitude in the International Standard Atmosphere that has the same air density as the air being evaluated.
		Example: at 5050 feet altitude, 95 deg F air temp, 29.45 inches-Hg altimeter setting and a dew point of 67 deg F, the Density Altitude is calculated as 9252 feet.
		The density altitude is the altitude in the International Standard Atmosphere that has the same density as the air being evaluated.
	www.wahiduddin.net /calc/calc_da.htm (453 words)

	Non-Physician Altitude Tutorial
		In some persons, the hypoxia of high altitude causes constriction of some of the blood vessels in the lungs, shunting all of the blood through a limited number of vessels that are not constricted.
		Altitude headaches are usually nasty, persistent, and frequently there are other symptoms of AMS; they tend to be frontal (but may be anywhere), and may worsen with bending over.
		Porters may even be at increased risk of severe forms of altitude illness as they are unlikely to know anything about AMS, are more likely to have a communication barrier to telling you how they feel, and may actively hide their symptoms as they fear losing their job due to illness.
	www.ismmed.org /np_altitude_tutorial.htm (3834 words)

	Altitude Illness
		Symptoms of altitude illness can begin to occur at 8000ft (2400m) or lower still, but serious altitude illness is rare below 10,000 ft (3000 m).
		There is wide individual susceptibility to altitude which seems to be genetically determined - how well someone does at altitude seems related to how well they breathe at altitude.
		Diamox therefore, enhances the physiological response to altitude by increasing the rate and depth of breathing and it also acts as a mild diuretic.
	www.ciwec-clinic.com /altitude (973 words)

	High-Altitude Sickness
		As altitude increases, the air becomes "thinner," which means less oxygen is in the atmosphere.
		At very high altitudes, body fluid can leak into the brain (called brain or cerebral edema) or into the lungs (pulmonary edema).
		This may not be an option for people who travel to a destination at high altitude.
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=4618 (340 words)

	Altitude illness -- Barry and Pollard 326 (7395): 915 -- BMJ
		Altitude illness is common in people ascending to more than 2500 metres, especially if the ascent is rapid.
		Altitude illness seems to have the same incidence in children as in adults, but the diagnosis may be delayed in children too young to describe their symptoms
		Medical Expeditions (www.medex.org.uk/) is a research charity dedicated to investigating the mechanisms of altitude related illness.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/326/7395/915 (3102 words)

	High Altitude Medical Advice for Travelers
		The purpose of this review is to provide guidelines that will hopefully simplify the giving of prophylactic advice to high altitude travelers, to review the differential diagnosis of illness at altitude, and to help with pre-travel decisions in people who are concerned about the effects of altitude on pre-existing conditions.
		It seems that being transported passively to high altitude is less likely to induce altitude illness as quickly as hiking to the same height.
		Mild altitude symptoms have been documented at the relatively low altitudes of 4,000 to 6,000 feet, although serious syndromes are rarely seen below 9,000 to 10,000 feet.
	www.ciwec-clinic.com /altitude/alti2.html (1417 words)

	Altitude Sickness Symptoms by MedicineNet.com
		People living at lower altitudes who enjoy a winter ski vacation may be at risk for acute altitude sickness (acute mountain sickness), the most common of the so-called altitude diseases.
		Doctors do not know exactly why altitude sicknesses occur, but it is believed that they result from changes in the body’s responses to lowered levels of oxygen and air pressure changes.
		Acute altitude sickness is usually not a serious condition, and it resolves on its own with rest and over-the-counter analgesics for pain control.
	www.medicinenet.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=57018 (436 words)

	YOJOE.COM \| Altitude
		Altitude was released carded as part of the ninth series (1990) as part of the Sky Patrol.
		Altitude came with a silver helmet, a gold visor, a fl pistol, a fl missile launcher, a fl missile, a green backpack/parachute case, and a working silver parachute.
		The entire body of Altitude was originally used to create Slipstream (1986).
	www.yojoe.com /action/90/altitude.shtml (99 words)

	Altitude Sickness
		The concentration of oxygen is 21% at both sea level and at higher altitudes, but the decreasing air pressure at higher elevations means you get significantly fewer oxygen molecules per breath once you go over about 8,000 feet.
		There are also ways to ease the body's transition to higher altitudes once your trip begins.
		John West, MD, PhD, professor of medicine and physiology at the University of California, San Diego, led a scientific expedition to Mt. Everest in 1981 to study the body's response to oxygen deprivation.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/42/1676_50847 (453 words)

	High Altitude Illness - Case Reports
		Nevertheless, she had symptoms of intolerance to the altitude: a headache the first night at 3867m, and again on arrival to 4250m; she did not meet the criteria for AMS.
		Decent was felt mandatory, however, as her symptoms appeared to have certainly begun in Dingboche (roughly the same altitude as Pheriche) and possibly lower, in Tengboche.
		Polycythemia and dehydration (common at altitude) may be risk factors for sludging of blood in small vessels and thus a potential etiology for TIAs at altitude.
	www.high-altitude-medicine.com /cases.html (3887 words)

	National Association of Rocketry \| Altitude Events
		Points are awarded by a formula that takes into account both the length of the rocket and the altitude achieved.
		Precision Altitude is actually three separate events where the goal is to be able to predict the performance of your model rocket.
		Achieve the highest altitude possible with a single-stage model using multiple motors.
	www.nar.org /competition/NARaltitudeEvents.html (167 words)

	PADI Altitude Diver
		If you want to explore the hidden world of a mountain lake, the PADI Altitude Diver Specialty course is for you.
		The Altitude Diver Specialty course familiarizes you with the rules and procedures necessary to use the Recreational Dive Planner at altitude.
		At your instructor's discretion, you can count your Adventures In Diving Altitude Adventure Dive towards the Altitude Diver Specialty course, which also counts as one of the five specialty certifications for the PADI Master Scuba Diver certification.
	www.padi.com /english/common/courses/rec/continue/altitude.asp (168 words)

	:: Altitude Sports & Entertainment ::
		Many thanks and kudos to Altitude for stepping to the fore front to showcase the Rocky Mountain Regionâs immense talent pool.
		I think everyone will enjoy Dotsero âOn Stageâ at Jazz@Jack's on Altitude.â Todd Park Mohr of BIG HEAD TODD and THE MONSTERS added: âWeâre thrilled to part a part of the first season of âOn Stageâ.
		A full list of Altitude programming and other information can be found at www.altitude.tv.
	www.altitude.tv /news/newsDetails.aspx?NID=71 (374 words)

	Hypoxico Altitude Training Systems - World Leaders in Altitude Tents \| Chambers \| Mask Devices - which simulate High ...
		Altitude training, also known as hypoxic training, involves exercising in, living in or otherwise breathing oxygen reduced air for the purpose of improved athletic performance, pre-acclimatization to altitude and/or physical wellness.
		Circa 1995, the patented technology of Hypoxico Inc. eliminated this hardship by allowing altitude facilities to be set up anywhere.
		When the human body is exposed to hypoxia (oxygen reduced environments), it struggles to produce required amounts of energy with less available oxygen.
	www.hypoxictent.com (273 words)

	HAMedicineInside (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		High Altitude Medicine is a comprehensive text on high altitude medical problems offering physicians, medical personnel, students and researchers up-to-date information on clinical aspects of common altitude illnesses.
		The physiological effects of altitude exposure on essential body functions.
		Sea-level medical conditions that may be adversely affected by altitude including hypertension, coronary disease and pulmonary disease.
	www.highaltitudemedicine.com (82 words)

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