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Topic: Altitude acclimatization

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	Altitude sickness -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Altitude sickness (also: acute mountain sickness (AMS) or altitude illness) is a pathological condition that is caused by lack of adaptation to (additional info and facts about high altitude) high altitudes.
		The most serious symptoms of altitude sickness are due to (Swelling from excessive accumulation of serous fluid in tissue) edema (fluid accumulation in the tissues of the body).
		Altitude acclimatization is the process of adjusting to decreasing (A nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust) oxygen levels at higher elevations, in order to avoid altitude sickness.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/al/altitude_sickness.htm (757 words)

	OA Guide to High Altitude: Acclimatization and Illnesses
		High altitude-we all enjoy that tremendous view from a high summit, but there are risks in going to high altitude, and it's important to understand these risks.
		As altitude increases, the concentration remains the same but the number of oxygen molecules per breath is reduced.
		Acclimatization is often accompanied by fluid loss, so you need to drink lots of fluids to remain properly hydrated (at least 3-4 quarts per day).
	www.princeton.edu /%7Ercurtis/altitude.html (2783 words)

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		Ventilation continues to be elevated with acclimatization and may be indication of increased chemoreceptor sensitivity to blood gas changes occurring at altitude.
		Upon exposure to altitude environments there are several hematological and muscular adaptations that continue during the acclimatization process allowing for increased tolerance to hypoxic conditions.
		In general, even after acclimatization to altitude the greater the distance to be covered in performance the greater the time to achieve that distance as altitude is increased.
	www.exercisephysiologists.com /Altitude/index.html (3167 words)

	Pardoes Altitude & Acclimatization Page
		The extent to which a formal and managed acclimatization programme is required on any climb depends on the absolute altitude, the overall altitude gain, and especially on the amount of time for which it is planned to stay high [1].
		Quite apart from the altitude (which makes it difficult to develop a relaxed involuntary breathing pattern) the cold, noise and general discomfort are impediments to a good night's rest.
		The relationship between altitude and air pressure and temperature is complex and depends on a number of secondary factors such as the latitude and the humidity.
	www.pardoes.com /climbing/acclima.htm (4530 words)

	Altitude: Acclimatization To Intermediate Altitudes
		Laboratory studies using hypobaric chambers to duplicate the effects of altitudes of 4,000 to 8,000 meters have shown a diminished cardiac output at maximal exercise.
		An individual's initial response to the lowered oxygen tension at altitude is to increase ventilation, by increasing the rate and volume of breaths.
		While they may be used by the uninformed altitude traveler to improve the poor quality of sleep that is commonly experienced, the consequence of their ingestion is the further reduction in arterial oxygen saturation during sleep cycling.
	www.sportsci.org /encyc/altitaccl/altitaccl.html (1967 words)

	Altitude Illness Clinical Guide For Physicians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		There is also a simplified version of a worksheet that I designed for one of our studies, which uses the "Lake Louise" AMS scoring scale to give an objective measure of how sick someone is, and is useful as a tool to judge whether they are improving or deteriorating over time.
		Insomnia at altitude is not necessarily caused by periodic breathing, but is thought to be secondary to cerebral hypoxia.
		Many people fear being left behind, or holding up the group, and some cultures have such a strong group identity that it is common for members of the group to hide (or at least not reveal) their symptoms to the group, until they become so ill that it is unmistakable.
	www.high-altitude-medicine.com /AMS-medical.html (3294 words)

	Tradgirl Mountaineering FAQ - Altitude and Acclimatization
		Acclimatization is the process of the body adjusting to the decreasing availability of oxygen.
		Herb Hultgren who was one of the pioneers of high altitude medicine and physiology, died in 1997 at the age of 80.
		If all that you do to protect your body from the effects of altitude is take a drug, be aware that there is a possibility that you can die a slow and painful death, drowning in your own phlegm and blood with only a monster headache to console you.
	www.tradgirl.com /climbing_faq/mountaineering/altitude.htm (5062 words)

	The effect of altitude pre-acclimatization on acute mountain sickness during reexposure. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The effect of altitude pre-acclimatization on acute mountain sickness during reexposure.
		The effect of altitude pre-acclimatization on acute mountain sickness during reexposure.After 8 d at sea level (PA), they were reexposed to 4300 m in a hypobaric chamber for 30 h (RA).
		CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the retention of acclimatization after 8 d at low altitude is sufficient to attenuate AMS upon reinduction to high altitude.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/440834.html (208 words)

	R. IGOR GAMOW: Altitude Acclimatization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The exposure to altitudes of 10,000 feet and 15,000 feet resulted in a certain percent increase in hematocrit level, varying with the length of exposure.
		Before beginning his exposure to altitude Russ had a heart rate of 146 beats per minute at a power output of 250 watts on an ergometer.
		After three weeks of sleeping at 12,200 feet in the High Altitude Bed Russ' heart rate was 139 beats per minute at 250 watts and his 60 second recovery heart rate was 73 beats per minute.
	www.gamow.com /igor/research/rats.html (415 words)

	Altitude Acclimatization Guide - Storming Media
		Altitude acclimatization allows Soldiers to decrease their susceptibility to altitude illness and optimize physical and cognitive performances for the altitude to which they are acclimatized.
		Altitude acclimatization consists of physiological adaptations that develop in a time-dependent manner during continuous or repeated intermittent exposure to hypoxia.
		The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with quantitative estimations of the health and performance decrements as a function of altitude, the degree of improvements in health and performance resulting from altitude acclimatization, and several methods for inducing altitude acclimatization.
	www.stormingmedia.us /88/8833/A883324.html (148 words)

	OA Guide to High Altitude: Acclimatization and Illnesses
		When going to altitude it is your responsibility to learn the latest information.
		Since few people have been to such altitudes, it is hard to know who may be affected.
		If you haven't been to high altitude before, it's important to be cautious.
	www.princeton.edu /~oa/safety/altitude.html (2783 words)

	Hypoxicator vs altitude tent for simulated altitude training. Hypoxic training. Reduced Oxygen Breathing Device (ROBD).
		With altitude training the same principle applies – each individual must receive a training regime which is adequate to his or her current physical and training state.
		The magnitude of the training effect of extreme altitude is so great, that you will feel the challenge even within one or two minutes of hypoxic air breathing.
		Athlete Kathy is apparently in very good shape and the same simulated altitude does not really produce enough training stress on her system – she is very well adapted to this altitude of 5,600m (10% Oxygen) and she can adjust the protocol in order to optimize her training on the hypoxicator.
	www.go2altitude.com (1722 words)

	Increased resting bronchial tone in normal subjects acclimatised to altitude -- Wilson et al. 57 (5): 400 -- Thorax
		Effect of allergen avoidance at high altitude on direct and indirect bronchial hyperresponsiveness and markers of inflammation in children with allergic asthma.
		Effect of altitude on urinary leukotriene (LT) E4 excretion and airway responsiveness to Histamine in children with atopic asthma.
		Symptoms of infection and altitude illness among hikers in the Mount Everest region of Nepal.
	thorax.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/57/5/400 (2637 words)

	Acclimatization to Altitude - Talk Medical (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Acclimatization to altitude: The main cause of altitude sickness is going too high too fast.
		Acclimatization generally takes 1 to 3 days at a given altitude.
		For example, if a person hikes to 10,000 feet (3,048 meters) and spends several days at that altitude, their body acclimatizes to 10,000 feet (3,048 meters).
	www.talkmd.com /medical-dictionary/print-116 (168 words)

	IngentaConnect Acclimatization to altitude and normoxic training improve 400-m r... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Acclimatization to altitude and normoxic training improve 400-m running performance at sea level
		A maximal anaerobic running test and 400-m race were performed before and within 1 week of living in the altitude house to determine the maximum speed and the speeds at different submaximal blood lactate concentrations (3, 5, 7, 10 and 13 mmol· l-1) and 400-m race time.
		Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that the altitude house group but not the sea-level group improved their 400-m race time during the experimental period (P < 0.05).
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/tandf/rjsp/2000/00000018/00000006/art00006 (346 words)

	Altitude Training 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Following altitude acclimatization, ventilation is increased and heart rate, plasma volume, and lactate accumulation are decreased during submaximal exercise.
		Males (N = 6) were evaluated on physiological parameters during an exhaustive exercise bout at introduction to altitude, after 16 days of acclimatization, after 8 days at sea level, and upon reintroduction to altitude.
		Altitude adaptations deteriorate slowly upon return to seal level.
	www.rohan.sdsu.edu /dept/coachsci/csa/vol54/beidlema.htm (179 words)

	All About Altitude Illness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Altitude headaches are usually nasty, persistent, and frequently there are other symptoms of AMS; they tend to be frontal (but may be anywhere), and may worsen with bending over.
		Dehydration is a common cause of headache at altitude.
		I feel that porters may be at increased risk of severe forms of altitude illness as they are unlikely to know anything about AMS, are more likely to have a communication barrier to telling you how they feel, and may even actively hide their symptoms as they fear losing their job due to illness.
	www.high-altitude-medicine.com /AMS.html (2624 words)

	Ladakh Traveler :: Acclimatization and Altitude Sickness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ladakh is a high altitude cold desert with a low level of atmospheric oxygen.
		The rarefied atmosphere may cause high altitude ailments like Acute Mountain Sickness, necessitating instant evacuation of visitors who are unable to get acclimatized.
		Anyone travelling to altitudes above 10,000 ft (2,700 meters) is liable to suffer from acute mountain sickness (AMS) unless properly acclimatized.
	www.ladakhtraveler.com /guide/acclimatization.htm (399 words)

	Increases in submaximal cycling efficiency mediated by altitude acclimatization -- Green et al. 89 (3): 1189 -- Journal ...
		to occur with altitude acclimatization is a change in net mechanical efficiency (16).
		The effect of the altitude expedition was determined by both one-way and two-way ANOVA procedures for repeated measures.
		norepinephrine that occurs with acclimatization (1, 24, 25).
	www.jap.org /cgi/content/full/89/3/1189 (4508 words)

	Women at Altitude: Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase and Alpha-AdrenergicBlockade on High Altitude Acclimatization - ...
		Prior to this 3-year effort, little was known concerning the effects of high altitude exposure in women.
		The purpose of the studies conducted in year 3 (the present annual report) was to determine the role of a-i adrenergic activity and its interaction with menstrual cycle phase across 12 days of altitude acclimatization.
		Preliminary results are presented for basal metabolic rate, ventilation, cardiac output both at rest and during exercise, venous tone and forearm blood flow, static muscle contraction, various measures of sympathetic activation and assessment of acute mountain sickness.
	www.stormingmedia.us /45/4516/A451653.html (252 words)

	Altitude sickness
		Once above approximately 3,000 metres (9,800 feet), the general rule of thumb is to not ascend more than 300 metres (1,000 feet) per day to sleep.
		That is, one can go from 3,000 to 4,500 metres (14,765 feet) in one day, just that they should then descend back to 3,300 metres (10,825 feet) to sleep.
		University of Buffalo Reporter article on research into the cause of altitude sickness
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/altitude_sickness (542 words)

	Sea level and acute responses to hypoxia: do they predict physiological responses and acute mountain sickness at ...
		of the simulated and true altitudes is not critical to the study.
		altitude acclimatisation at 4300 m over a three week period.
		Headache at high altitude is not related to internal carotid arterial blood velocity.
	bjsm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/36/2/141 (2887 words)

	Pre-acclimatization to high altitude using exercise with normobaric hypoxic gas mixtures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		At the end of the 3 weeks they looked at maximal oxygen uptake at sea-level and at altitude.
		For the group that exercised only at sea-level, they saw a reduction in maximal oxygen uptake ability at altitude(-2%).
		For the group that exercised in the hypoxic environment, they saw an increase at altitude of 5% in Vo2max.
	www.hypoxictent.com /study2.html (350 words)

	Practice Quiz for Adapting to High Altitude
		All are essentially equal in their ability to adjust to high altitude stresses.
		Some are better adapted to high altitude stresses.
		The ancestors of those who are best adapted to low air pressure usually have lived at low altitudes for many generations.
	anthro.palomar.edu /adapt/quizzes/adaquiz3.htm (250 words)

	The re-establishment of the normal blood lactate response to exercise in humans after prolonged acclimatization to ...
		The re-establishment of the normal blood lactate response to exercise in humans after prolonged acclimatization to altitude -- van Hall et al.
		In conclusion, in lowlanders acclimatized for 9 weeks to an altitude of 5260 m, the arterial lactate concentration was similar at 0 m acute hypoxia and 5260 m chronic hypoxia.
		The net lactate release from the active leg was higher at 5260 m chronic hypoxia compared to 0 m acute hypoxia, implying an enhanced lactate utilization with prolonged acclimatization to altitude.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/abstract/536/3/963 (805 words)

	High Altitude Acclimatization Underway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		And so we decided to the spend the day of the 13th simply resting, relaxing as much as we could at that altitude and acclimatizing.
		On the evening of April 13th at about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, another one of the typical afternoon thunder, lightening, graupel snowstorms occured and it snowed until about 11 o'clock at night and we got about eight inches of snow during the evening.
		But with winds as they were we felt that we couldn't do that today and we also noticed that we gained 200 feet in altitude on our altimeters indicating a low pressure system.
	classic.mountainzone.com /climbing/99/endeavor/update-4-14.html (358 words)

	acclimatization to altitude - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		At high altitude the partial pressure of oxygen is reduced in the inspired air.
		Various adaptive processes occur if there is chronic exposure to oxygen levels at high altitude.
		Oxbridge Solutions Ltd® is an independent company owned by the authors which does not receive income from any other organisation or individual.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /cache/-677773272.htm (187 words)

	Effects of altitude acclimatization on rat myoglobin. Effect of viscosity and acclimatization on myoglobin reaction ...
		Effect of viscosity and acclimatization on myoglobin reaction rates -- Strother et al.
		Articles by Strother, G. Articles by Strickland, E. Effects of altitude acclimatization on rat myoglobin.
		Effect of viscosity and acclimatization on myoglobin reaction rates
	ajplegacy.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/196/3/517 (169 words)

	Altitude, Acclimatization to - Talk Medical
		We love to hear suggestions from wonderful users like you.
		Altitude, acclimatization to: Adjustment to changes in altitude.
		The main cause of altitude sickness is going too high too fast.
	www.talkmd.com /medical-dictionary/596/Altitude-Acclimatization-to (205 words)

	Effects of altitude acclimatization on the equilibrium constant of rat oxymyoglobin -- Strickland et al. 197 (1): 211 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Effects of altitude acclimatization on the equilibrium constant of rat oxymyoglobin -- Strickland et al.
		Articles by Strickland, E. Articles by Anthony, A. Effects of altitude acclimatization on the equilibrium constant of rat oxymyoglobin
		to the functional role of myoglobin during acclimatization is
	ajplegacy.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/197/1/211 (130 words)

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