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Topic: Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca

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	PBS - THE WEST - Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca
		Cabeza de Vaca was born into the Spanish nobility in 1490.
		Storms, thirst and starvation had reduced the expedition to about eighty survivors when a hurricane dumped Cabeza de Vaca and his companions on the Gulf Coast near what is now Galveston, Texas.
		Appalled by the Spanish treatment of Indians, in 1537 Cabeza de Vaca returned to Spain to publish an account of his experiences and to urge a more generous policy upon the crown.
	www.pbs.org /weta/thewest/people/a_c/cabezadevaca.htm (495 words)

	Literary Criticism (1400-1800) \| Vaca, Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de \| INTRODUCTION
		Cabeza de Vaca is remembered by students of American history as the first European to set foot in the interior of what would become the states of Florida, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.
		Cabeza de Vaca was born in 1490 in the Spanish town of Jerez de la Frontera, near the port at San Lúcar de Barrameda, from where Magellan sailed in 1519 to become the first man to circumnavigate the globe.
		Cabeza de Vaca's reports of his travels and suffering in strange, new lands had enough popular appeal to be regularly reprinted in Spanish and translated in 1556 into Italian.
	www.enotes.com /literary-criticism/vaca-alvar-nunez-cabeza-de/introduction?print=1 (1715 words)

	Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
		Cabeza served in the Spanish army under Charles V and his fame in the Americas began with his appointment as treasurer for the expeditions of Pánfilo de Narváez of 1527-28, who has served with Cortés in the conquest of Mexico.
		Cabeza de Vaca afterwards continued to serve the Spanish King in 1540 in what became Paraguay, accused of wrong doing and banished to North Africa after being called back to Spain, but later found innocent of charges and died in Spain sometime in the 1550's.
		It was at Cavallo Pass that Cabeza de Vaca remarked that this inlet was a league wide and uniformly deep and reminded him of Espíritu Santo Bay, referring to the mouth of the Mississippi as described by Pineda in his map of 1519.
	www.tamu.edu /ccbn/dewitt/cabeza.htm (8494 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Cabeza de Vaca's reluctance to leave the Galveston area was influenced by a single surviving countryman, Lope de Oviedo, who refused to leave the initial landfall island.
		Cabeza de Vaca and the other castaways traveled from the environs of Galveston Island to Culiacán, an outpost near the Pacific Coast of Mexico, where they arrived in early 1536.
		On that portion of the trek, Cabeza de Vaca removed an arrow from the chest of an Indian.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/CC/fca6.html (1192 words)

	Heath Anthology of American LiteratureAlvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca - Author Page
		Cabeza de Vaca, a promising young noble, was assigned by Emperor Carlos V as the Crown’s treasurer to the Pánfilo de Narváez expedition chartered to explore the Gulf coast in 1528.
		Cabeza de Vaca and three companions survived by acculturating to the point where they were allowed to move freely among the tribes.
		Cabeza de Vaca’s tale is hagiography, captivity narrative, and immigrant tale.
	college.hmco.com /english/lauter/heath/4e/students/author_pages/colonial/devaca_al.html (1002 words)

	Cabeza de Vaca's Travels Through Mid-North America 1528-1536
		Cabeça de Vaca was a native of Jerez.
		Cabeza de Vaca was appointed treasurer and high sheriff of the expedition by the King of Spain.
		Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca's adventures continued with the governorship of the Spanish colony in the Rio de la Plata region in South America.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/cabeza.htm (3385 words)

	Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Nunez. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Cabeza de Vaca [cow’s head] was not actually a surname but a hereditary title in his mother’s family; he is frequently called simply Álvar Núñez.
		Cabeza de Vaca came to the New World as treasurer in the expedition of Pánfilo de Narváez that reached Florida (probably Tampa Bay) in 1528.
		Cabeza de Vaca’s own account, Los naufragios [the shipwrecked men] (1542), is the chief document of the startling adventures of his party.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ca/Cabezade.html (478 words)

	Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca
		In utter despair, Cabeza de Vaca at last tried his scanty knowledge of medicine and, his cures proving successful, he became a renowned medicine man among the natives, his companions following the example.
		Cabeza de Vaca arrived at the city of Mexico in 1536.
		Cabeza de Vaca was a trustworthy subaltern, but not fit for independent command.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/cabeza_de_vaca,alvar_nunez.html (653 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
		One of the Alhajas informed the Christians of a mountain pass by which the position of the Arabs could be turned, and indicated the entrance by placing the skull of a cow near it.
		Cabeza de Vaca arrived at the city of Mexico in 1536.
		Cabeza de Vaca, and the same may be stated in regard to histories of Argentina and
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03126c.htm (675 words)

	Free-TermPapers.com - Alvar Nunez Cabeza De Vaca
		Cabeza de Vaca's life and journey to North America are intriguing because through his extended encounters with the Native Americans he became known as the compassionate conquistador.
		Cabeza de Vaca was born in 1490 to Spanish nobility; his ancestors being warriors and explores.
		De Vaca was a career military man and it was an honor to accept the King's appointment to conquer new lands (the whole Gulf Coast of North America) for his country, Spain.
	www.free-termpapers.com /tp/24/hsz85.shtml (1122 words)

	Amazon.de: Adventures in the Unknown Interior (Zia Book): English Books: Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca,Alvar Nunez Cabeza ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca was a remarkable man who understood more than most would-be conquistadors, and whose experiences among the indigenous inhabitants of North America convinced him that the Spanish had much to learn from these new peoples they sought to dominate.
		Cabeza de Vaca's narrative makes clear that at the very beginnings of colonization, there were efforts to reconcile the profound diffenences that gave rise to five centuries of cultural conflict.
		It takes years, of course, and along the way, Cabeza De Vaca is sometimes treated as a slave and sometimes as a medicine man by the Indians he encounters.
	www.amazon.de /Adventures-Interior-Alvar-Nunez-Cabeza/dp/082630656X (1076 words)

	Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
		Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (Jerez de la Frontera, Spain; dates of birth and death uncertain) served as the deputy and treasurer of this expeditionary party.
		After various shipwrecks, Cabeza de Vaca became the captain of a greatly diminished force of Spaniards who, in order to survive, wandered for eight years across the Southwest from Texas to California and finally to Mexico.
		Cabeza de Vaca wrote that while the Indians did not fear the Spanish weapons, “they were terrified of the horses [En todo los demàs los Caballos son los que han de sojuzgar, i los que los Indios vniversalmente temen.
	www.loc.gov /rr/hispanic/frontiers/revision/A1a1[1].atlanticgulf.cabeza_revised.html (209 words)

	The Narrative of Cabeza de Vaca by Alvar Nunez Cabeza De Vaca, Rolena Adorno(Translator), Patrick Charles ...
		The Narrative of Cabeza De Vaca (By Alvar Nunez Cabeza De Vaca,Rolena Adorno,Patrick Charles Pautz,Alvar Nuunez Cabeza de Vaca)
		The Narrative of Cabeza De Vaca (By Alvar Nunez Cabeza De Vaca,Rolena Adorno,Patrick Charles Pautz,Alvar Nunez Cabeza De Vaca)
		Castaways: The Narrative of Alvar Nunez Cabeza De...
	www.bookfinder4u.com /detail/080326416X.html (535 words)

	wissenschaft-online
		Die Regenwälder des zentralvietnamesischen Annamiten-Gebirges bergen noch viele Geheimnisse.
		Titelthema: Die Minoer — Kretas sagenumwobenes Volk; Spiel mit den Knoche — Würfelspiel in der Antike; König von Uruk — Das Gilgamesch-Epos; Nackt und verloren — Die unglaubliche Odyssee des Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca durch Nordamerika; Goldenes Zeitalter — Chinas Wohlstand zur Zeit der...
		Brennpunkt • Blick in die Forschung • Aufbruch in den Weltraum • Der Wettlauf der Supermächte • Die Eroberung des Weltraums • Fünfzig Jahre russische Raumfahrt • Das Kosmodrom Baikonur • Vom Gulag in den Weltraum • Der Vater der sowjetischen Raumfahrt,...
	www.wissenschaft-online.de (503 words)

	Alfonso de Portage
		Das folgende Portrait des spanischen Marquis de Portago wurde von Francisco Javier Diaz Gonzales verfasst, einem Rennsportenthusiasten, wie ich und allen, die diese Zeilen lesen.
		Alfonso Cabeza De Vaca Y Leighton Carvajal Y Are, 13.
		Alfonso de Portago war ein harter, manchmal brutaler, aber auch mutiger Rennfahrer.
	www.motorsportphotos.de /Deutsch/Fahrerportrait/Alfonso_de_Portage/alfonso_de_portage.html (415 words)

	Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca.
		Cabeza de Vaca's little band arrived in Texas in 1528 and stayed for approximately seven years before wandering into a Spanish patrol somewhere near the Baja of southern California.
		Cabeza de Vaca survived because he was credited with the first successful surgery performed in Texas.
		Thereafter Cabeza de Vaca, and perhaps the others, were traded about, rarely seeing each other except when the tribes came together for annual harvests, and sometimes breaking away only to be recaptured.
	www.texasescapes.com /AllThingsHistorical/Cabeza-de-Vaca-AM904.htm (510 words)

	Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
		La relación: The journey of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca and his companions from Florida to the Pacific, 1528-1536; translated from his own narrative by Fanny Bandelier, together with the report of Father Marcos of Nizza and a letter from the viceroy Mendoza.
		Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca; the journey and route of the first European to cross the continent of North America, 1534-1536, by Cleve Hallenbeck.
		The narrative of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca.
	jeff.scott.tripod.com /devaca.html (391 words)

	Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca --
		Alvar Nunez Cabez was born in 1490 in the town of Jerez de le Fronter.
		Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca was a explorer that sailed for Spain and discovered some of the Americas.
		When Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca arrived home he told other explorers about his explorations and this influenced the further exploration of the Americas.
	www.freewebs.com /burkeysa (181 words)

	Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca was the European to cross North America in the early 1500's
		Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca was the European to cross North America in the early 1500's
		Cabeza de Vaca was second in command in the ill fated expedition of Panfilo de Narvaez, charged with exploring Florida and claiming its territory for Spain.
		When Narvaez lost his ships and his men, and then disappeared himself, Cabeza de Vaca took charge of the handful of survivors, whose ranks would be whittled down to almost nothing by Indian attacks, starvation, disease and accidents, until only the four men who eventually made their way to Ojinaga were left.
	ojinaga.com /cabeza/index.html (179 words)

	American Journeys Background on The Journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca
		Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (c.1490-c.1560) was born in Jeréz de la Frontera, Spain, to a noble family; his early career was in the military.
		Cabeza de Vaca returned to Spain in 1537 and expressed outrage at the Spanish treatment of Indians.
		Cabeza de Vaca’s account is distinguished from later accounts by a greater level of detail about, and a greater respect for, the native inhabitants.
	www.americanjourneys.org /aj-070/summary/index.asp (741 words)

	An Incredible Journey: the Story of Cabeza de Vaca
		Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca was an experienced soldier who came to the New World as second in command on a Spanish expedition.
		De Vaca initially sidestepped the role of shaman and became a tribe tradesman.
		De Vaca's journey had given him a newfound respect for the natives and their culture.
	www.geocities.com /smbualaw01/Cabeza_de_Vaca.html (212 words)

	Digital History
		Cabeza de Vaca, who lived from about 1490 to around 1557, was the first European to explore North America and leave a written record.
		Cabeza de Vaca was a member of a Spanish expedition that set out to colonize Florida in 1527.
		In this passage from his journal, Cabeza de Vaca describes his party's finally meeting up with a group of Spaniards in Mexico--who were in the process of enslaving Indians.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /mexican_voices/voices_display.cfm?id=22 (982 words)

	Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In 1527, Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (AHL vahr NOO nyehs kah BEH sah deh VAH kah) left Spain to go on an expedition to the southeastern part of North America.
		Cabeza de Vaca and other expedition members had to make a difficult journey by foot along the coast.
		Cabeza de Vaca landed on an island off the coast of Texas.
	www.eduplace.com /kids/socsci/fl/books/bkd_fl/biographies/bk_template.jsp?name=cabezadv&bk=bkd_fl (191 words)

	Explorers: Alvar NUNEZ CABEZA DE VACA
		Although much of Cabeza de Vaca's early life is virtually unknown, we do know that he was born into Spanish nobility in 1490.
		Soon leaving the shoreline of Cuba, the Cabeza de Vaca's fleet was caught in a horrific hurricane, causing significant damage.
		In his journal, Cabeza de Vaca wrote that the people seemed dumbfounded by his appearance since he was oddly dressed and traveling with Indians.
	www.latinartmall.com /blogs/explore/2006/02/alvar-nunez-cabeza-de-vaca.html (634 words)

	Parallel Histories: Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca / Historias Paralelas: Alvar Núñez Cabeza de ...
		Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (1490-1560) served as deputy and treasurer of this expeditionary party.
		After Narváez’s death and several shipwrecks, Cabeza de Vaca became captain of a greatly diminished force of Spaniards who, in order to survive, wandered for eight years across the Southwest from Texas to California and finally to Mexico.
		The report documents de Vaca’s experiences and travails among the Native American nations and is considered a classic of early colonial narrative.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /intldl/eshtml/es-1/es-1-2-1.html (508 words)

	Amazon.ca: Adventures in the Unknown Interior: Books: Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca,Cyclone Covey,William T. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Cabeza de Vaca came to the New world in 1527 as part of a Spanish expedition to conquer the region north of the Gulf of Mexico.
		In addition to being one of the great true adventure stories of all time, Cabeza de Vaca’s account of their travels is an unparalleled source of firsthand information on the pre-European Southwest—the variety of its climate, its flora and fauna, the customs of its natives.
		Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca was the first European to cross the North American continent.
	www.amazon.ca /Adventures-Interior-Alvar-Cabeza-Vaca/dp/082630656X (1229 words)

	Gale - Free Resources - Hispanic Heritage - Biographies - Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Cabeza de Vaca and his men called it the Bay of the Horses because they had killed and eaten the last of their horses there.
		Cabeza de Vaca later crossed to the mainland and traveled west, attempting to reach by foot the town of Pánuco in eastern Mexico.
		Although Cabeza de Vaca had experienced only poverty and hardship on his long trip, he told tales of the fabulous riches that were to be found in the "Seven Golden Cities of Cíbola." He indicated they were somewhere beyond the region where he had traveled.
	www.gale.com /free_resources/chh/bio/cabeza_a.htm (1755 words)

	Parallel Histories: Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca / Historias Paralelas: Alvar Núñez Cabeza de ...
		Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (1490-1560) served as deputy and treasurer of this expeditionary party.
		After Narváez’s death and several shipwrecks, Cabeza de Vaca became captain of a greatly diminished force of Spaniards who, in order to survive, wandered for eight years across the Southwest from Texas to California and finally to Mexico.
		The report documents de Vaca’s experiences and travails among the Native American nations and is considered a classic of early colonial narrative.
	rs6.loc.gov /intldl/eshtml/es-1/es-1-2-1.html (508 words)

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