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	Amadeo Bordiga - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Amadeo Bordiga (1889 - 1970) was a prominent Italian socialist.
		Active opposing the Italian colonial war in Libya, Bordiga was active in the Italian Socialist Party founding the Karl Marx Circle in 1912.
		In the course of this struggle Bordiga had attended the 2nd Congress in 1920 where he added 2 conditions to the 19 conditions of membership proposed by Lenin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amadeo_Bordiga (654 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For Bordiga the party was 'the social brain' of the working class whose task was not to seek majority support, but to concentrate on working for an armed insurrection, in the course of which it would seize power and then use it to abolish capitalism and impose a communist society by force.
		Bordiga argued that 'the communist programme' had been laid down by Marx and Engels in 1848 and that the role of contemporary communists was simply to preserve and propagate it intact.
		Bordiga does not seem to have realised the extent to which restricting decision-making to a minority within society, even to an elite of well-meaning social and scientific experts, conflicted with his definition of socialism as the abolition of property.
	www.korotonomedya.net /Archive_of_Subversion/Subversive_Texts/All_About_X/Bordiga/buik.txt (5932 words)

	Communism Is The Material Human Community: Amadeo Bordiga Today
		Bordiga had a completely different view of the party from the Comintern, which was adapting to the revolutionary ebb announced, in 1921, by the Anglo-Russian trade agreement, Kronstadt, the implementation of the NEP, the banning of factions and the defeat of the March action in Germany.
		Bordiga's idea that capitalism equals the agrarian revolution is the key to the 20th century; it's certainly the key to almost everything the left has called "revolutionary" in the 20th century, and it is the key to rethinking the history of Marxism and its entanglement with ideologies of industrializing backward regions of the world economy.
		Bordiga anticipated this attitude when he wrote, sometime in the 1950's, that "just because social evolution in one zone (by which he meant Europe and the U.S.) has come to the next to the last phase does not mean that what happens on the rest of the planet is socially of no interest".
	home.earthlink.net /~lrgoldner/bordiga.html (9579 words)

	Arturo PEREGALLI et Sandro SAGGIORO, Amadeo Bordiga
		Bordiga, contrary to the legend, was not sectarian in Party relationship, and considered of major importance the human factor.
		Bordiga remained apart from the Communist organisation and took care not to rejoin the official positions of the Comintern on " the radicalisation of the masses" and "the social-fascisation of the social democracy".
		It is thus logical that Bordiga refused to establish ties with the Bordiguist Fraction in exile in France and Belgium, and led by Ottorino Perrone.
	www.left-dis.nl /uk/bordigaunknowm.htm (2882 words)

	Amadeo Bordiga -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Amadeo Bordiga (1889 - 1970) was a prominent (A native or inhabitant of Italy) Italian (A political advocate of socialism) socialist.
		Active opposing the Italian colonial war in (A military dictatorship in northern Africa on the Mediterranean; consists almost entirely of desert; a major exporter of petroleum; involved in state-sponsored terrorism) Libya, Bordiga was active in the Italian Socialist Party founding the Karl Marx Circle in 1912.
		In the course of this struggle Bordiga had attended the 2nd Congress in 1920 where he added 2 conditions to the 19 conditions of membership proposed by (Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924)) Lenin.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/am/amadeo_bordiga.htm (462 words)

	Encyclopedia: Left communism
		Under the leadership of Amadeo Bordiga, the Left was to control the PCd'I (Communist Party of Italy) until the Lyons Congress of 1926.
		Nevertheless, Bordiga fought the IEC from within, only to have an article of his which was favourable to Trotsky's positions on the disputed Russian questions suppressed.
		With the victory of fascism in Italy, Bordiga was jailed and when he opposed a vote against Trotsky in the prison PCd'I group, he was expelled from the party in 1930.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Left-communism (7428 words)

	More Lenin
		Amadeo Bordiga (1889-1970) was the first leader of the Italian Communist Party when it was set up in 1921.
		Bordiga believed, even more strongly than Lenin, that within capitalism a majority of the working class would never be able to develop a socialist consciousness; only a minority could, whose duty it was to lead the ignorant majority to socialism.
		Bordiga denounced such views as a variety of syndicalism and defended the idea of a minority, vanguard party which had to be prepared to ignore the ideas and wishes of the majority and push forward to try to seize power in an armed insurrection on behalf of their ignorant fellow-workers.
	www.worldsocialism.org /spgb/jan04/panbordiga.html (1482 words)

	negationism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Some people claim that Auschwitz ou le grande alibi, written by Amadeo Bordiga in 1960, is the source of ultra-left negationism.
		Defenders of Bordiga say that he should not be judged by the idiosyncratic career of Pierre Guillaume, and a few other associates who deny the existence of the gas chambers at Auschwitz.
		They argue with Bordiga that the culpability for the Holocaust is the capitalist system, rather than Nazism and situate the six million Jewish dead within the context of 50 million human beings during the Second World War.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Negationism.html (624 words)

	Hobgoblin Journal
		Bordiga, born in 1889, died in 1970, just a few years before the onset of the global structural crisis that has held capital in its grip even since.
		In the 1950s Bordiga, ignored and forgotten by all but a few supporters, pronounced that the mainstream 20th Century workers movements, which for millions had been a struggle for human emancipation, had turned out objectively to be a movement of capital.
		Bordiga argued that the development of the productive forces of capital, underwritten by the forced "collectivisation" of the peasantry, was precisely what demonstrated the bourgeois nature of the "Soviet" regime.
	www.thehobgoblin.co.uk /journal/H1.htm (3660 words)

	Bordiga, Amadeo Links
		Amadeo Bordiga Today - An essay on Bordiga's thoughts and relevance by Loren Goldner.
		Bordiga Archive - Texts by Amadeo Bordiga in English, and articles about the Italian communist left.
		Bordiga, Amadeo Men always want to be a woman's first love - women like to be a man's last romance.
	www.welcome-2-europe.com /Italy_Society_and_Culture_History_Bordiga,_Amadeo.html (1629 words)

	Riff-Raff #3–4 – Preface to the Swedish edition of “Communism is the Material Human Community: Amadeo ...
		It is in the same new historical optic that Amadeo Bordiga re-emerges into view as one of the most brilliant, and forgotten, Marxists of the 20th century.
		Bordiga was an civil engineer by profession, an experience which gave him unusual insight into the operation of ground rent, urbanism, the environment, and supposedly »natural» catastrophes such as floods which are in fact far more expressions of social relationships than was generally recognized at the time.
		Bordiga always insisted that capitalism was born, from the 15th to the 18th century, in a massive expropriation of both tools (craftspeople, peasants) and of land (peasants) and that communism meant a »reappropriation», in a completely transformed way, of what had previously been estranged.
	www.riff-raff.se /en/3-4/pre_bordiga.php (1360 words)

	Bordiga Archive
		For a discussion of Bordiga's communism see the introduction to the Antagonism Press pamphlet Bordiga versus Pannekoek published October 2001.
		Note on Pannekoek and Bordiga in The Eclipse and Re-Emergence of the Communist Movement by Gilles Dauvé and François Martin
		Bordiga at the 6th Enlarged Executive Meeting of the Communist International by the IBRP.
	www.geocities.com /antagonism1/bordiga0.html (457 words)

	Directory - Regional: Europe: Italy: Society and Culture: History: Bordiga, Amadeo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Amadeo Bordiga Today · An essay on Bordiga's thoughts and relevance by Loren Goldner.
		Amadeo Bordiga memorial · Pages of quotations of Amadeo Bordiga (in Italian).
		Bordiga Archive · Texts by Amadeo Bordiga in English, and articles about the Italian communist left.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=318263 (112 words)

	Amadeo Bordiga: Writings 1911-1970
		Redebeiträge Bordigas zum Zweiten Kongress der Kommunistische Internationale (1920)
		Rebeiträge Bordigas zum Vierten Weltkongress der Kommunistischen Internationale (1922)
		Lettera da Amadeo Bordiga a Karl Korsch (1926)
	www.sinistra.net /lib/bor/bordiga.html (1575 words)

	COMMUNISM IS THE MATERIAL HUMAN COMMUNITY:
		Two works which avoid the worst errors and earlier calumnies are A. de Clementi, Bordiga (Turin, 1971) and a biography by a PCI intellectual, Franco Livorsi, Amadeo Bordiga (Rome, 1976).
		A presentation of Bordiga's views on the Soviet phenomenon is Liliana Grilli, Amadeo Bordiga: capitalismo sovietico e comunismo (Milan, 1982).
		The best overall presentation of Bordiga and his theories as they influence the present article are in Jacques Camatte, Bordiga et la révolution russe: Russie et nécessité du communisme in the journal Invariance, année VII, Serie II, No. 4.
	www.left-dis.nl /uk/golboren.htm (9507 words)

	Communism Is The Material Human Community: Amadeo Bordiga Today
		(15) For Bordiga, once this political expression of the working class was destroyed by Stalinism, all that was left was petty producer capitalism.
		Except for Bordiga, no one in the anti-Stalinist revolutionary left cited the drive to "develop the productive forces" themselves as proof that the Soviet Union was not a workers' state of some kind; with the Trotskyists, of course, it's the definitive proof, in the framework of nationalizations and planning, that it is.
		(29) Bordiga provided a way of seeing a fundamental degeneration in the world communist movement in 1921 (instead of in 1927 with the defeat of Trotsky) without sinking into mere empty calls for "more democracy".
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Lobby/2379/gold62.htm (9519 words)

	AMADEO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Search the AMADEO Family Message Boards at Ancestry.com (if available).
		Search the AMADEO Family Resource Center at RootsWeb.com (if available).
		Find graves of people named AMADEO at Find-a-Grave.com (or add one that you know).
	www.worldhistory.com /surname/US/A/AMADEO.htm (73 words)

	Bordiga, Amadeo
		An essay on Bordiga's thoughts and relevance by Loren Goldner.
		Texts by Amadeo Bordiga in English, and articles about the Italian communist left.
		Site offers writings of A. Bordiga from 1912 to 1970, in several languages including French, English, German, Italian, and Spanish.
	regional.allfind.us /c/4cdc4 (96 words)

	Netscape Search Category - Left Communism
		International Bureau for the Revolutionary Party Founded by the Communist Workers Organisation (Britain) and the Partito Comunista Internazionalista, the IBRP promotes the left communist ideas of Amadeo Bordiga and publishes the journal International Communist.
		International Communist Current The origins of the ICC lie in the left communists expelled from the 3rd International as it degenerated - the Italian, German, and Dutch lefts.
		Intervention of OCI Internationalist Communist organization (Organizzazione comunista internazionalista OCI) is a Marxist revolutionary tendency of working class that publishes the magazine che fare.
	search-intl.netscape.com /Society/Politics/Socialism/Marxism/Communism/Left_Communism (315 words)

	riff-raff – riff-raff #3–4
		– Bordiga and the agrarians question’s importance for a revolutionary critique of the Soviet union and the capitalist tendencies of social democracy.
		I will try to show that something as completely unglamorous and ordinary as working at a restaurant, or rather the small hidden struggles that are waged against wage labour there, is part of the communist movement.
		For many decades, revolutionary Marxists have understood the social realities of the Soviet Union, China and other so-called “socialist”; societies to be the negation of Marx’s project of working-class and human emancipation.
	www.riff-raff.se /en/3-4/index.php (512 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The latter is the real human community, including the generations to come.
		This concept is particularly relevant in the writings of Amadeo Bordiga and Jacques Camatte - both authors stand for a relatively subterranean phylum of Western Marxism: '[...] To us, the real subject of social action is more extended in time that the society of men alive at a certain time.
		The concept of lineage (as long as we mean the lineage of the whole mankind, that is the species, the word that Marx and Engels used themselves - more powerful than <> or <>) supercedes the bourgeis ideology of political power and juridical sovereignty, which is cherished by democrats.
	io.khm.de /back-up/contents/cont13.html (214 words)

	Untitled Document
		Out of Social or Barbarism came Guy Debord, who went on to help found the Situationist International, whose ideas prefigured and whose members participated in the 10 million strong wildcat general strike of May/June 1968 in France.
		Jacques Camatte, at nearly the same time, continued the spirit of Bordiga with the journal Invariance before fading away.
		Today, writers that can be connected to this tradition include Gilles Dauve in France, Loren Goldner in the U.S., and groups like the one around the British journal Aufheben, Wildcat—and a spin off Kolinko—in Germany, as well as the British Wildcat and Antagonism groups.
	www.florycanto.org /connectingthedots.html (330 words)

	Canadian Journal of History: third generation: The young socialists in Italy, 1907-1915, The (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		on 16 August, Bordiga denied that the war had been prepared and willed by Austro-German militarism alone for "in reality the bourgeoisie of all nations are equally responsible for the outbreak of the conflict, or rather the capitalistic system is responsible.
		As Mussolini vacillated, failing to define a clear line against Italian intervention, Bordiga took upon himself that mantle.
		Just as he had once tenaciously battled against "degenerate" Neapolitan socialism, he now guarded against any deviation from socialist internationalism.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_199608/ai_n8754010/pg_7 (820 words)

	Catalog - Books \| Tarantula Distribution
		Bordiga, Amadeo: Murdering the Dead: Amadeo Bordiga on Capitalism and Other Catastrophes, $9
		We could follow a similar trail of the dead anytime, any place, anywhere.
		That is why the following texts by Amadeo Bordiga are, sadly, still relevant forty years or more after they were first written.”
	socialwar.net /main/catalog/books.htm (868 words)

	Italy: Society and Culture: History: Bordiga, Amadeo, Italian Bordiga, Amadeo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Italy: Society and Culture: History: Bordiga, Amadeo, Italian Bordiga, Amadeo
		Italy / Society and Culture / History / Bordiga, Amadeo
		Italy: Society and Culture: History: Bordiga, Amadeo - Italian Bordiga, Amadeo
	italy.mousemagnet.com /bordiga,_amadeo.php (145 words)

	LookUpDesign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Founded by the Communist Workers Organisation (Britain) and the Partito Comunista Internazionalista, the IBRP promotes the left communist ideas of Amadeo Bordiga and publishes the journal International Communist.
		The origins of the ICC lie in the left communists expelled from the 3rd International as it degenerated - the Italian, German, and Dutch lefts.
		Internationalist Communist organization (Organizzazione comunista internazionalista OCI) is a Marxist revolutionary tendency of working class that publishes the magazine che fare.
	www.lookupdesign.com /cat.cgi?cat=317447 (288 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Perversely, the proletarian character of the struggle has allowed the antifascists to reject everything revolutionary about the Italian experience: the P.C.I., lead by Bordiga and the left communists at the time, is charged with favouring the coming to power of Mussolini.
		Without romanticizing this episode, it is worth studying because it shows without the slightest ambiguity that the subsequent defeatism of the revolutionaries regarding the war of "democracy" vs. "fascism" (Spanish CiviI War or World War II is not an attitude of purists insisting only on "the revolution" and refusing to budge until the Great Day.
		Rather than holding Bordiga and the P.C.I. of 1921-1922 responsible for the triumph of Mussolini, one would be better advised to question the perpetual feebleness of antifascism, whose record is overwhelmingly negative: when did antifascism ever prevent or even slow down totalitarianism?
	recollectionbooks.com /bleed/ArchiveMirror/barrotAntiFascism.htm (12444 words)

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