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Topic: Amantadine

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	Amantadine - Parkinson's disease medication information and resources
		Amantadine is useful as an adjunct in patients who do not tolerate optimal doses of levodopa alone or in combined therapy with a decarboxylase inhibitor.
		Because amantadine is not metabolized and is mainly excreted in the urine, it may accumulate in the plasma and in the body when renal function declines.
		Therefore, amantadine should not be used in women with childbearing potential, unless in the opinion of the physician, the expected benefit to the patient outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.
	www.nwpf.org /amantadine.asp (2351 words)

	Amantadine in treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection?
		Amantadine increased the sustained virologic response of certain treatment naïve patients when used in combination with interferon, and may be effective as an adjunct to interferon-based combination therapy in some patients who have failed or relapsed on prior therapy.
		Amantadine (1-aminoadamantanamine) is a water soluble tricyclic amine that has been used clinically to prevent influenza A viral infection, and has known antiviral effects against other families of RNA viruses such as togavirus, myxovirus, coronavirus and flavivirus, of which hepatitis C is a member [8].
		Amantadine may have an important role as an adjunct to combination interferon-ribavirin therapy in interferon nonresponders, although further prospective, randomized trials are needed to further elucidate the optimal dosing and duration, and identify predictive factors for success.
	www.natap.org /2005/HCV/090505_08.htm (4101 words)

	WhatMeds.com - Amantadine
		Amantadine is an antidyskenetic and anticholinergic used to treat Parkinson’s disease, including the side effects of many other drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease because of it’s ability to improve muscle control.
		Amantadine’s effects can often be felt within 2 days when used to treat Parkinson’s or similar symptoms, but it may take up to 2 weeks for the full effects to be felt.
		Amantadine may be used with caution in children and in people over 60 years of age.
	www.whatmeds.com /meds/amanadine.html (254 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Amantadine (Systemic) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Amantadine is also used to treat stiffness and shaking caused by certain medicines used to treat nervous, mental, and emotional conditions.
		Amantadine may be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
		Amantadine may cause dryness of the mouth, nose, and throat.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202024.html (2233 words)

	Influenza Report 2006 \| Amantadine
		Amantadine inhibits the replication of influenza A viruses by interfering with the uncoating of the virus inside the cell.
		Amantadine is effective against all influenza A subtypes that have previously caused disease in humans (H1N1, H2N2 and H3N2), but not against influenza B virus, because the protein M2 is unique to influenza A viruses.
		Amantadine is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
	www.influenzareport.com /ir/drugs/amanta.htm (2404 words)

	The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Development Program: Amantadine: Does It Have a Role in the ...
		Amantadine hydrochloride (Symmetrel*) is an antiviral compound which is currently indicated in the United States for the prevention and symptomatic management of the respiratory tract illness caused by influenza A virus strains.
		The use of amantadine hydrochloride for prophylaxis in hospital patients in the presence of a demonstrated outbreak should take into consideration local and particular risk factors and conditions; for example, the patient who is to undergo inhalation anesthesia may be at higher risk of serious complications.
		Chronic use of amantadine hydrochloride (for over 5 or 6 months), as in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, may be associated with the development of livido reticularis and peripheral edema; both resolve on omission of the drug.
	consensus.nih.gov /1979/1979Amantadine019html.htm (2507 words)

	Neuromedia - Our articles - Care & prescription drugs - Amantadine
		Treatment with amantadine is generally started at 100 mg a day (for one to several weeks) and may be raised to 200 mg a day and 400 mg a day (for patients whose responses are not optimal with amantadine at 200 mg daily).
		Amantadine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to amantadine.
		Amantadine may interfere with anticholinergic drugs that may exacerbate the anticholinergic-like side effects of amantadine.
	www.neuromedia.ca /en/nos_articles/amantadine.asp (468 words)

	Amantadine
		Amantadine costs only $20 per month -- a tiny fraction of the cost of interferon, the conventional treatment for hepatitis C. Interferon costs approximately $500 per month, and must be administered for at least six months.
		Amantadine HC1 has been suggested to be useful in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C who have previously failed therapy with interferon alpha-2b, lowering HCV-RNA and amino-transferases.
		A number of small studies have suggested that amantadine, either as monotherapy or in combination with interferon, may be beneficial in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV).
	www.hepatitis-c.de /amantad.htm (1815 words)

	Amantadine for Parkinson's disease
		Amantadine is a medication that is used to treat and prevent infection with influenza (flu) viruses.
		Amantadine may cause greater amounts of dopamine to be released in the brain, and it may block receptors for acetylcholine, a brain chemical that contributes to control of movement.
		Amantadine is not as effective as levodopa, but the medications may be used at the same time if you have advanced Parkinson's disease and need to reduce how much levodopa you are taking.
	www.webmd.com /hw/parkinsons/hw91087.asp (461 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Amantadine, an anti-viral drug, is one of the most effective medicines for treating multiple sclerosis patients.
		Amantadine was not only poorly tolerated by the CFIDS patients, but produced no significant improvements.
		Also, please note the January 14, 2006 CDC Health Alert Notice (HAN), in which CDC recommends that neither amantadine nor rimantadine be used for the treatment or prevention (prophylaxis) of influenza A in the United States for the remainder of the 2005-06 influenza season.
	www.lycos.com /info/amantadine--drugs.html (432 words)

	[No title]
		Amantadine is 70-90% effective in preventing influenza A infection.
		Amantadine or rimantadine prophylasix is indicated in certain circumstances, like household contacts of high-risk individuals, when there is an outbreak of influenza A, when a poor antibody response is expected or when vaccination is contraindicated.
		The dopamine agonist amantadine (Symmetrel/DuPont) has been shown to reduce cocaine craving during withdrawal, and a single dose of, bromocriptine (Parlodel/Sandoz), was able to reverse cocaine craving.
	www.lycos.com /info/amantadine.html (605 words)

	Amantadine, Anti-viral to treat Influenza A
		Amantadine is used to treat or prevent infections of the respiratory tract caused by a certain virus.
		Amantadine is also used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease and to treat the side effects caused by certain psychiatric drugs.
		Amantadine may cause stomach upset, nausea, loss of appetite, constipation, headache, dizziness, anxiety, confusion or purplish-red blotchy spots on the skin during the first few days as your body adjusts to the medication.
	www.checkflu.com /amantadine.html (523 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		If you are taking amantadine to treat influenza A, take all of the medication that has been prescribed for you even if you begin to feel better.
		Amantadine is also used to treat Parkinson's disease and "parkinson-like" symptoms such as stiffness and shaking that may be caused by the use of certain drugs.
		Amantadine is in the FDA pregnancy category C. This means that it is not known whether it will harm an unborn baby.
	www.ecommunity.com /medications/D00086A1.aspx (989 words)

	Amantadine - Prevention and Treatment of Influenza Infections : Fine Generics
		Amantadine is used for the prevention or treatment of infections with influenza A virus, especially for individuals at high-risk such as immunosuppressed patients and nursing home residents.
		Amantadine can cause familiar adverse effects like dizziness, loss of coordination, inability to sleep, and nervousness, nausea, and vomiting.
		Consult with your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding; Amantadine is in the FDA pregnancy category C. This means that it is not known whether it will harm an unborn baby.
	www.finegenerics.com /amantadine.html (542 words)

	Amantadine-induced livedo reticularis: a report of two cases Journal of Drugs in Dermatology - Find Articles
		Amantadine is a well-known medication involved in drug-induced livedo reticularis (LR), (1) yet remains under-reported in the English literature.
		We describe 2 patients with amantadine livedo reticularis: one patient with multiple sclerosis had, previous to this eruption, tolerated 4 years of amantadine therapy without adverse reactions and another patient with Parkinson's disease who developed LR 1 month after starting amantadine.
		(1) Amantadine, a cyclic amine originally developed for treatment of early influenza A viral infection, is currently used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions, as well as off-label use in combating the fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0PDG/is_3_5/ai_n16120901 (823 words)

	National MS Society \| Amantadine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Amantadine is an antiviral medication used to prevent or treat certain influenza infections; it is also given as an adjunct for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
		Studies in some animals have shown that amantadine is harmful to the fetus and causes birth defects.
		Rare side effects that should be reported as soon as possible to your physician: blurred vision; confusion; difficult urination; fainting; hallucinations; convulsions; unusual difficulty in coordination*; irritation and swelling of the eye; mental depression; skin rash; swelling of feet or lower legs; unexplained shortness of breath.
	www.nationalmssociety.org /Meds-Amantadine.asp (587 words)

	Does Amantadine Help Response to HCV Therapy?
		Some studies suggested amantadine may be affective in combination with IFN and RBV while other studies showed it did not help.
		Amantadine sulfate (n=26) or a matched placebo (n=29) was given orally twice daily for 48 weeks.
		Sustained virologic response was 30% in amantadine group and 16% in IFN alone group (p=0.02).
	www.natap.org /2000/aasld/does_amantadine_help121800.htm (1718 words)

	Amantadine - Patient UK
		Amantadine is used to relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
		Amantadine has also been found to have an effect on the growth of certain viruses and is sometimes used to prevent and treat influenza and shingles.
		After taking amantadine for long periods of time, such as one year or more, some patients suddenly lose the ability to move and their muscles do not seem to work.
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/30003003 (807 words)

	Amantadine - multiple sclerosis encyclopaedia
		Amantadine is used to alleviate the symptoms of fatigue in multiple sclerosis.
		Amantadine is also used for patients with Parkinson's disease due to its efficacy in treating muscle stiffness and loss of muscle control - both of which are potential symptoms of MS.
		Amantadine is generally well tolerated by people with MS but it can cause insomnia, nausea and dizziness.
	www.mult-sclerosis.org /Amantadine.html (271 words)

	amantadine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Amantadine therapy for chronic hepatitis C: a dose escalation study.
		Combination therapy with amantadine and interferon in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C: meta-analysis of individual patient data from six clinical trials.
		Interferon, ribavirin and amantadine in prior nonresponders to interferon and ribavirin therapy with
	www.medadvocates.org /drugs/amantadine.html (373 words)

	Amantadine
		Amantadine is used to treat influenza, Parkinson’s disease, side effects caused by certain drugs, and tiredness associated with multiple sclerosis.
		Drinking alcoholic beverages while taking amantadine may enhance side effects of the drug, such as dizziness, confusion, and light-headedness.
		For the convenience of the reader, the information in the summary is categorized as follows: “Depletion or interference” indicates the drug may deplete or interfere with the absorption or function of the supplement or herb.
	www.gianteagle.com /healthnotes/Drug/Amantadine.htm (313 words)

	Question of the Week - International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management - Colorado State University
		Amantadine-- as an oral NMDA receptor antagonist, it not only reduces central sensitization (always helpful in chronic pain), but also seems to enhance opioid receptor sensitivity and help abolish opioid tolerance.
		I use it in 7-10 days increments when opioid effectiveness seems to be waning, and subjectively feel it helps quite a bit (I realize this is anecdotal; Duncan Lascelles is the main advocate of this use, and until he publishes something anecdotal is all we have).
		Amantadine (SymmetrelTM, Endo Labs), another NMDA antagonist, appears less useful for acute pain in humans but because it has a less severe spectrum of side effects at clinically relevant dosages it is more useful as an adjunct for chronic pain.
	www.cvmbs.colostate.edu /ivapm/professionals/members/qow/amantadine.htm (1035 words)

	Tetraethylammonium and Amantadine Identify Distinct Organic Cation Transporters in Rat Renal Cortical Proximal and ...
		Amantadine concentrations used in each experiment were 10, 20, 50, 100, 300, and 500 µM. Values are means ± S.E. of four separate determinations.
		Wong LTY, Smyth DD and Sitar DS (1990) Stereoselective inhibition of amantadine accumulation by quinine and quinidine in rat renal proximal tubules.
		receptor antagonists on amantadine uptake in the rat renal cortical slice, isolated proximal tubule and distal tubule.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/290/1/295 (4826 words)

	Drug resistant avian influenza viruses more common in Southeast Asia than North America
		The St. Jude team reached this conclusion by analyzing sequence data of the so-called M2 protein of avian influenza viruses of different subtypes isolated in North America and Southeast Asia during 1991-2004; and by evaluating the frequency of drug-resistant strains.
		Resistance to the antiviral drug amantadine is caused by substitutions of one of five amino acids in the part of the M2 protein called the transmembrane domain-the part of M2 located within the coat of the influenza virus.
		Amantadine inhibits the function of the M2 protein and thus stops viral replication.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=30466 (1149 words)

	Amantadine News
		Amantadine News continually updated from thousands of sources around the net.
		The Public Health Agency of Canada is recommending that health care providers in Canada not prescribe amantadine to treat and prevent influenza during the current flu season.
		New drugs are needed to treat the H5N1 strain of bird flu, which has killed at least 148 people, because of the possibility that it could mutate and develop resistance to the most effective anti-viral...
	www.topix.net /drug/amantadine (750 words)

	Z Genotype in China is Amantadine Sensitive
		It quoted Chinese pharmaceutical executives and veterinarians who said the drug was cheap, readily available and "widely used in the entire country" both to treat outbreaks and for routine prevention, in the same way that antibiotics are commonly used in livestock.
		Xinjiang has not been disclosed, but the media attention to amantadine resistance may signal amantadine resistances in the more recent isolates from western China also.
		However, published sequences from China and other Asian nations indicate that amantadine resistances is rare outside of Vietnam and Thailand (and probably Cambodia), and not found in a large number of Z genotypes found throughout Asia in general and China in particular.
	www.recombinomics.com /News/06220501/H5N1_Z_Genotype_Amantadine.html (629 words)

	Symmetrel Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Amantadine Hydrochloride - RxList Monographs
		Amantadine hydrochloride is designated chemically as 1-adamantanamine hydrochloride.
		Amantadine hydrochloride is a stable white or nearly white crystalline powder, freely soluble in water and soluble in alcohol and in chloroform.
		Amantadine has pharmacological actions as both an anti-Parkinson and an antiviral drug.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic3/amantadine.htm (137 words)

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