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	Ambrosia - LoveToKnow 1911
		Roscher thinks that both nectar and ambrosia were kinds of honey, in which case their power of conferring immortality would be due to the supposed healing and cleansing power of honey (see further Nectar).
		The name Ambrosia was also applied by Dioscorides and Pliny to certain herbs, and has been retained in modern botany for a genus of plants from which it has been extended to the group of dicotyledons called Ambrosiaceae, including Ambrosia, Xanthium and Iva, all annual herbaceous plants represented in America.
		Ambrosia beetles bore deep though minute galleries into trees and timber, and the wood-dust provides a bed for the growth of the fungus, on which the insects and larvae feed.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Ambrosia (278 words)

	Redbay Ambrosia Beetle-Laurel Wilt Fungus: A Potential Major Problem for Florida Avocados
		Ambrosia beetles are members of the insect tribe Xyleborini and are known for attacking various woody plants, causing some limb and stem dieback and sometimes plant death.
		Research is continuing to evaluate the degree of avocado variety susceptibility to attack by the redbay ambrosia beetle and the extent of damage or death from the laurel wilt fungus.
		Mayfield III, A.E. The Redbay Ambrosia Beetle, Xylegorus glabratus Eichhoff (Scolytinae: Curculionidae).
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /HS379 (2452 words)

	Ambrosia
		Roscher thinks that both nectar and ambrosia were kinds of honey, in which case their power of conferring immortality would be due to the supposed healing and cleansing power of honey.
		The name Ambrosia was also applied by Dioscorides[?] and Pliny to certain herbs, and has been retained in modern botany for a genus of plants from which it has been extended to the group of dicotyledons called Ambrosiaceae[?], including Ambrosia, Xanthium and Iva, all annual herbaceous plants represented in America.
		There is also an American beetle, the Ambrosia beetle, belonging to the family of Scolytidae, which derives its name from its curious cultivation of a succulent fungus, called ambrosia.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/am/Ambrosia.html (289 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Ambrosia beetle (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ambrosia beetles are wood-boring beetles in the genus Platypus.
		Lyctid beetles primarily infest the sapwood of hardwoods.
		Most bark beetles and ambrosia beetles are not likely to infest such wood when their active season begins if the trees are cut in early fall and dry out or season sufficiently during the winter months.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ambrosia-beetle (248 words)

	ambrosia beetle
		Ambrosia Tracks: The ambrosia beetle bores into the sapwood of dying or recently felled trees.
		The ambrosia beetle is very small, approximately 1 to 2 mm in length.
		The ambrosia beetle feeds on the ambrosia fungus that is cultivated in the newly bored tunnels.
	www.turnedbowls.com /Figure/ambrosia.htm (103 words)

	NationalPak.Suggestions for identification & Control of Ambrosia Beetle of mango.
		This beetle has a stout reddish brown body and is reported as a pest of woody ornamentals, fruit and nut trees.
		The Ambrosia beetles are associated with symbiotic fungi, to which females carry to the tree.
		It may be considered that beetle along with these all diseases is responsible for the decline (dying of trees) and the condition may be termed as ‘Disease complex’ (presence of more than one disease causing agent).
	www.nationalpak.com /suggestionsmango.asp (1157 words)

	Forest Health Protection, Southern Region
		This beetle is a member of a group of insects, known as ambrosia beetles, which carry fungi ("ambrosia") necessary for their young to develop.
		Normally ambrosia beetles are considered beneficial because they accelerate the decay process in dead trees, which is important for nutrient cycling in healthy forests.
		The redbay ambrosia beetle is strongly attracted to redbay trees, particularly trees that have been wounded in some way such as through construction damage.
	www.fs.fed.us /r8/foresthealth/laurelwilt/insect_vector.shtml (586 words)

	Asian Beetle Pesters U.S. Ornamental Tree Industry
		The Asian ambrosia beetle is now appearing in devastating numbers and is wreaking havoc among the Southern U.S. ornamental tree growing industry this year, researchers say.
		The tiny beetle is known to attack more than 100 species of trees, but seems to favor and do more damage to juvenile trees such as those found in tree nurseries.
		Ambrosia beetles are so named because they cultivate the ambrosia fungus inside the tree.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/may2004/2004-05-11-096.asp (487 words)

	SHB
		Ambrosia beetles are characterized by their utilization of the sapwood of physiologically stressed and recently dead trees for colonization and by the use of symbiotic fungi as their sole food source.
		Scolytidae beetles are the primary invaders in dying plant material and thus function as vectors of the decay process in forest ecology.
		Beetles are guided to a chemical stimulus by a type of klinokinesis, (47, 61) in which the attractant source is located by positive orientation to successive pulses from a volatile cloud within its atmospheric range.
	www.wcga.net /shb.htm (3991 words)

	Ambrosia beetle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ambrosia beetles are beetles of the weevil subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), which live in nutritional symbiosis with ambrosia fungi.
		Beetles and their larvae graze on mycelium exposed on the gallery walls and on bodies called sporodochia, clusters of the fungus’ spores.
		Ambrosia fungi are thought to be dependent on transport and inoculation provided by their beetle symbionts, as they have not been found in any other habitat.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ambrosia_beetle (744 words)

	Ambrosia beetle (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ambrosia beetle is a generic term used to refer to a number of genera of insects, including various species, which are found throughout the southern United States.
		The ambrosia beetle may cause significant damage to green logs and unseasoned lumber, and occasionally to dead, dying, or severly stressed trees.
		Ambrosia beetle attack can be recognized by piles of fine, whitish dust found around the 1/16" entrance holes or at the base of the tree.
	www.sfrc.ufl.edu /4h/ambrbeet.htm (320 words)

	Ambrosia Beetles - Tree Fruit
		Ambrosia beetles overwinter as adults within galleries in the heartwood.
		Cultural - It is important to maintain optimum tree vigor as ambrosia beetles are attracted to trees weakened due to drought, flooding, transplanting, disease, winter injury and mechanical injury.
		To intercept female beetles as they fly into an orchard (males do not fly), place bundles of three or four 1- to 2-metre long hardwood logs (harvested the previous year) at 10-20 metre intervals along borders adjacent to deciduous (hardwood) trees.
	www.agf.gov.bc.ca /cropprot/tfipm/ambrosia.htm (379 words)

	Ambrosia Beetles
		The handiwork of the ambrosia beetle is reflected by a fl, curvy stain, indicating the path of the little critter.
		Ambrosia beetles lay their eggs, and fungal spores are inserted inside the tunnel.
		The type of relationship that exists between the ambrosia beetle and this fungus is known as a type of nutritional, mutualistic symbiosis.
	www.cals.ncsu.edu /course/ent525/close/newcomb.html (367 words)

	Trypodendron lineatum (Scolytidae) - the striped ambrosia beetle
		Trypodendron lineatum (Scolytidae) - the striped ambrosia beetle
		Beetle is shiny fl or brown with pale coloured stripes along the pronotum and elytra.
		The galleries and associated fungal stain result in degrade of lumber and veneer causing severe economic losses to the forest industry, especially in coastal B.C. This insect is the most damaging ambrosia beetle in the west.
	www.forestry.ubc.ca /fetch21/FRST308/lab7/trypodendron_lineatum/striped.html (215 words)

	NCSU: ENT/ort-111 THE ASIAN AMBROSIA BEETLE GRANULATE
		THE GRANULATE AMBROSIA BEETLE Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Mot.), Coleoptera, Scolytidae [or Curculionidae Scolytini] Formerly known as the Asian ambrosia beetle.
		This tiny beetle is a pest of woody ornamental, fruit and nut trees throughout North Carolina and can cause significant damage in nursery and orchard settings.
		Beetle flight is observed in the fall via traps, but tree entry is typically not seen in the nursery.
	www.ces.ncsu.edu /depts/ent/notes/O&T/trees/note111/note111.html (1343 words)

	greenbrae.org : Protection of Live Oaks against Attacks by Oak Bark Beetle and Ambrosia Beetles
		Oak bark beetles and ambrosia beetles are dark colored, very small insects (1.7 to 4 mm long) that attack and may kill oaks by boring beneath or through the bark into the sapwood.
		Three beetle species are common and widespread throughout California: the Western Oak Bark Beetle, Pseudopityophthorus pubipennis; the Oak Ambrosia Beetle, Monarthrum scutellare (Fig.1); and the Minor Oak Ambrosia Beetle, M. detinger.
		Adult beetles emerge in the spring and fly to host trees to feed and reproduce in dead or dying oaks.
	www.greenbrae.org /news/art_UC_Jan00.html (1829 words)

	Insect Report for Charlotte Area
		These beetles are attracted to weakened elms where they lay their eggs in the wood of the tree.
		The spores from the fungus stick to the beetle and are transferred to healthy trees when the beetles feed on the new growth.
		The beetles can also be killed while they are in the ground by using a material such as Oftanol, a granular insecticide that is broadcast over the lawn, which kills the beetles in their larval stage.
	www.arborman.com /insect.htm (4460 words)

	Xylosandrus crassiusculus - Asian ambrosia beetle - granulate ambrosia beetle Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae
		crassiusculus was a major component of an ambrosia beetle infestation in the sapwood of sweetgum logs in a Chiefland, Florida millyard during September, 1999.
		Once the beetles are in the tree and have frass packed in the entry holes they are isolated from the outside.
		The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph.
	creatures.ifas.ufl.edu /trees/asian_ambrosia_beetle.htm (1273 words)

	Custom Pens &Pencils (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Soft maple with defects from the Ambrosia Beetle.
		When the ambrosia beetle attacks the maple tree, it bores through the wood causing pinholes in diameters ranging from 1/100 — 1/4" in a living tree, leaving behind a fungus.
		This fungus is called "Ambrosia" which stains the wood in colors ranging from dark brown to light gray.
	www.customwrite.com /style/ambrosia.htm (78 words)

	Sawing Ambrosia
		The ambrosia character in the maple wood is caused by a beetle which bores through the living wood, carrying a fungus on it's legs/carapace that is deposited on the wood fibers.
		Finally, here are several more detailed shots of the crotch grain, ambrosia signature, and early stage spalting that are all contributing to the wild grain characteristics and coloring of this wood.
		It must have been dead for some time, because in addition to the ambrosia signature in the wood, it had a very high degree of spalting which contributed to the wild grain patterns.
	www.heirloomwoodcrafting.com /sawmilling_ambrosia.htm (926 words)

	FLAGWORM
		houtbroeder (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), ambrosiakever (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm, spruce ambrosia beetle, striped ambrosia beetle).
		perforador de ramas (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), coleópteros de ambrosia (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm).
		vedborre (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), varvsfluga (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), trägnagare (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), cylinderbagge (ambrosia beetle, ambrosia borer, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm).
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/Fl/Flagworm.html (395 words)

	AMBROSIA BEETLE
		ambrosiakever (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm, spruce ambrosia beetle, striped ambrosia beetle), houtbroeder (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm).
		perforador de ramas (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), coleópteros de ambrosia (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm).
		vedborre (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), varvsfluga (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), trägnagare (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm), cylinderbagge (ambrosia borer, flagworm, keyhole borer, pinhole borer, shothole borer, spot worm).
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/AM/AMBROSIA+BEETLE.html (425 words)

	Striped ambrosia beetle - Information page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the spring, the beetles attack the underside of logs lying on the ground or exposed surfaces of logs floating in salt or fresh water.
		These beetles excavate galleries (wide tunnels) in the wood, sometimes penetrating to a depth of 10 cm, feeding off the fungus growing in the galleries.
		the common name "ambrosia beetle" is derived from the symbiotic relationship of this insect with "ambrosia" fungus which grows in the galleries excavated by the beetles
	www.nrcan.gc.ca /cfs-scf/science/prodserv/pests/striped_ambrosia_beetle_e.html (184 words)

	Ambrosia Beetle
		The Ambrosia Beetle uses the galleries to grow a fungus as their food.
		The Ambrosia Beetle transports the fungal spores with it from tree to tree.
		The ambrosia fungus is not a pathogen to the tree, but the galleries are the cause of tree decline and possible death.
	www.arborjet.com /problems-solutions/ambrosia-beetle.htm (454 words)

	Fluvanna County, Virginia Master Gardeners - Asian Ambrosia Beetle
		The Asian ambrosia beetle was first detected in the U.S. when it infested peach trees in Charleston, South Carolina in 1974.
		The spines are strings of boring dust produced by the female beetle as she excavates her gallery.
		Like other ambrosia beetles, they feed on ectosymbiotic fungi which they introduce into their tunnels and cultivate and not the wood and pith of their hosts.
	www.fluvannamg.org /vce/2008/AsianAmbrosiaBeetle.htm (515 words)

	LaurelWilt
		The redbay ambrosia beetle is native to Asia and is the 12th new species of ambrosia beetle introduced into the U.S. since 1990.
		The redbay ambrosia beetle was discovered in Savannah’s Port Wentworth area in spring 2002; however, it is likely to have been established in the area prior to 2002 when the three adult specimens were trapped at the port.
		In general, ambrosia beetles carry specific fungi that are introduced into the trees as they tunnel into the wood, and are fed upon by the developing insects.
	www.gatrees.org /ForestManagement/LaurelWilt.cfm (989 words)

	Asian Ambrosia Beetles
		The beetle was first reported in the United States in a peach orchard in South Carolina in 1974.
		Female ambrosia beetle in her gallery in a Yoshino cherry trunk (magnified 16x).
		However, ambrosia beetles have been known to introduce other fungi that are pathogenic along with the ambrosia fungus.
	www.ag.auburn.edu /aaes/communications/highlights/winter95/beetles.htm (827 words)

	What are ambrosia galleries? - (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Some ambrosia fungi are only known from beetle galleries and it is believed that those associations are obligate--the fungi cannot survive without the beetle farmers.
		For the ambrosia fungus to survive and be of use to the beetle, it must be farmed inside wood that has good moisture content.
		Certainly Wood has a photograph of ambrosia maple, maple wood that had ambrosia beetles and is stained by a fungus.
	www.killerplants.com /renfields-garden/20031105.asp (921 words)

	Hforest: Hypermedia Forest Insect & Disease Knowledge Base & Diagnosis: Ambrosia Beetles
		Ambrosia beetles, or "pinworms" as they are often called in the forest industry, are a group of beetles totalling over 1000 species worldwide.
		The pinholes from their tunnels or galleries (Figure 2) and the dark staining of the wood caused by a fungus associated with the beetles occurs in the sapwood -the most valuable, clear portion of the log.
		The ability of ambrosia beetles to attack, survive, and develop in green lumber has resulted in export and quarantine problems.
	www.pfc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca /diseases/hforest/Pests/ambrosia_e.html (297 words)

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