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Topic: American Colonization Society

	American Colonization Society â“ FREE American Colonization Society Information \| Encyclopedia.com: Facts, ...
		American Colonization Society organized Dec., 1816-Jan., 1817, at Washington, D.C., to transport free fls from the United States and settle them in Africa.
		The colonization movement came under the bitter attack of the abolitionists, who charged that in the South it strengthened slavery by removing the free fls.
		From 1865 until its dissolution in 1912, the society was a sort of trustee for Liberia.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-AmerCS.html (1012 words)

	American Colonization Society - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The American Colonization Society (in full, The Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America) founded Liberia, a colony on the coast of West Africa in 1820 and transported free fls there, in an effort to remove them from the United States.
		Beginning in the 1830s, the society was harshly attacked by abolitionists, who tried to discredit colonization as a slaveholders' scheme and the American Colonization Society as merely palliative propaganda for the continuation of slavery in the United States.
		The Society controlled the colony of Liberia until 1847 when, under the perception that the British might annex the settlement, Liberia was proclaimed a free and independent state, and provided with a constitution that was said to be fashioned after the American model.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/American_Colonization_Society (1028 words)

	AFRO-AMERICAN ALMANAC - African-American History Resource
		The American Colonization Society was founded in the City of Washington in December 1816 for the purpose of colonizing the free people of color as an alternative to emancipation in the United States.
		The Maryland State Colonization Society withdrew her support from the American Colonization Society and resolved to establish a colony in Liberia to send free people of color, of that State, that wished to emigrate.
		The New York City Colonization Society united with the latter, under the active agency of Dr. Proudfit, the funds of the State were brought to their aid.
	www.toptags.com /aama/events/acs.htm (1413 words)

	American Colonization Society â“ Dictionary Definition of American Colonization Society \| Encyclopedia.com: FREE ...
		American Colonization Society Founded in the USA in 1817 in order to resettle in Africa free-born Africans and emancipated slaves.
		Myths of the Plantation Society: Slavery in the American South and the West Indies
		The house, the street, global society: Latin American families and childhood in the twenty-first century.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1O48-AmericanColonizationSocty.html (835 words)

	AllRefer.com - American Colonization Society (U.S. History) - Encyclopedia
		American Colonization Society, organized Dec., 1816–Jan., 1817, at Washington, D.C., to transport free fls from the United States and settle them in Africa.
		The colonization movement came under the bitter attack of the abolitionists, who charged that in the South it strengthened slavery by removing the free fls.
		From 1865 until its dissolution in 1912, the society was a sort of trustee for Liberia.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/AmerCS.html (341 words)

	steph3
		The American Colonization Society was formed in late December 1816 and established in the US capital building in Washington, DC Supreme court justice Bushrod Washington was elected as the society's president.
		It's goals were similar to those of the American Colonization Society in that this society wanted to "remove all Negroes, free and enslaved, from the United States to Liberia, to introduce civilization to Africa, and to eradicate the slave trade.
		Colonization groups would often meet in churches such as the Baptist Society of East Bethel, the Methodist Society of Pittsford, and The Congregational Society of Montpelier, while the Vermont Colonization Society was following the example set by the American Colonization Society, the ACS was following Britain's example the Sierra Leone colony.
	muweb.millersville.edu /~twstproj/HIST272/1999F/steph.htm (1205 words)

	Genealogy & General Subjects Blog: American Colonization Society
		The Greenwood Colonization Society was a chapter of the American Colonization Society that was dedicated to the resettlement of free American fls in Liberia.
		It was founded by the American Colonization Society in 1820 on the west coast of Africa.
		The American fl community was split on the organization with some eager to move to a land where life would be easier and others distressed by the implications of deportation of free, fl Americans.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com /~mabgenealogy/genblog/2007/09/american-colonization-society.html (1537 words)

	American Colonization Society
		The President and Board of Managers of the American Colonization Society respectfully represent that, being about to commence the execution of the object to which their views have been long directed, they deem it proper and necessary to address themselves to the legislative council of their country.
		When, therefore, the object of the Colonization Society is viewed in connection with that entire suppression of the slave trade which your memorialists trust it is resolved shall be effected, its importance becomes obvious in the extreme.
		Your memorialists further request, that the subscribers to the American Colonization Society may be incorporated, by act of Congress, to enable them to act with more efficiency in carrying on the great and important objects of the Society, and to enable them, with more economy, to manage the benevolent contributions intrusted to their care.
	voyager.dvc.edu /~mpowell/afam/ps_ACS.htm (2953 words)

	American Politics Journal -- Liberian Revisionist History
		Some freed American slaves did settle there, but Liberia was in point of fact a colony founded by a group called "The American Colonization Society" (ACS), a cluster of White Americans -- including some well-known slaveholders -- that had a far different agenda.
		The American Colonization Society established its new colony in West Africa in 1817.
		Maryland and Virginia, just recovering from the Turner Rebellion, proudly formed their own colonization societies in 1831, and in 1832 the Maryland legislature passed a law that all freed slaves had to leave the state and be offered complimentary trips to Liberia, in an area of that colony commanded by the Maryland State Colonization Society.
	www.americanpolitics.com /20030708Koop.html (928 words)

	Colonization
		Colonization was a movement, gaining in popularity in the 1830s, to send fl people to Africa.
		In the South, however, colonization was billed as a "neutral" option for dealing with the "problem" of the increasing fl population in America.
		Perhaps this is why Tappan would say that the colonization society was "a device of Satan and owes its existence to the single motive to perpetuate slavery" (130).
	www.yaleslavery.org /TownGown/coloniz.html (711 words)

	African Americans - History Of Liberia: A Time Line - Independence for Liberia - July 26, 1847
		Americans opposed to slavery back in the early 1800s were divided over the issue of colonization (forming separate colonies) for African Americans instead of integrating them into the United States.
		Prominent Americans such as Henry Clay, John Randolph of Roanoke, and Justice Bushrod Washington were members of the American Colonization Society (ACS) during its early years.
		See the remarks on the colonization of the western coast of Africa by the free fls of the United States, and the consequent "civilization" of Africa and suppression of the slave trade.
	www.africanamericans.com /Liberia.htm (2798 words)

	Africans in America/Part 3/American Colonization Society
		The American Colonization Society, founded in 1816 to assist free fl people in emigrating to Africa, was the brainchild of the Reverend Robert Finley, a Presbyterian minister from Basking Ridge, New Jersey.
		In a series of meetings over the next few days, the group adopted a constitution, chose officers, and decided to call themselves the "American Society for Colonizing the Free People of Color in the United States." Bushrod Washington, the nephew of George Washington, was chosen as president of the society.
		One of the most active proponents of colonization was Paul Cuffe, who felt that fl people living in America would never receive the full benefits of citizenship, and that they would fare much better on the friendly shores of Africa.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aia/part3/3p1521.html (618 words)

	Indiana Emigrants to Liberia
		American Colonization Society obtains land at Cape Mesurado, Africa using $300 worth of rum, weapons, supplies, and trade goods (Library of Congress Timeline).
		American Colonization Society agent and residents of Christopolis form constitution, government, and digest of laws of Liberia; settlement renamed Monrovia after U.S. President James Monroe; colony as whole formally called Liberia (free land) (Library of Congress Timeline).
		Colonies of American Colonization Society, Va., and Pa. merge into Commonwealth of Liberia; claim control of settlements from Cestos River to Cape Mount; adopt new constitution and appoint governor in 1839 (Library of Congress Timeline).
	www.statelib.lib.in.us /www/ihb/publications/tlinemigrants.html (1661 words)

	Inventory of Conflict and Environment (ICE), Template
		The American Colonization Society was started in 1816 by 50 white, mostly Southern, slaveholders and sympathizers.
		By asserting that colonization was solely for freedmen, the society made their fear of freedmen known according to Ella Forbes of Lincoln University.
		Because of the American and British involvement in the formation of the colonies of Sierra Leone and Liberia, the Americans and the British are directly responsible for the conflicts that have occured over the years.
	www.american.edu /ted/ice/liberia-america.htm (1172 words)

	Anti-Slavery Movement: The American Colonization Society
		The American Colonization Society (ACS) was founded in 1817 by Charles Fenton Mercer, William H. Fitzhugh, Francis Scott Key, John Marshall, and James Monroe.
		In fact the purpose of the American Colonization Society and its 218 auxiliary societies was not to end slavery but to get free fls out of the country.
		In the end colonization did not succeed in freeing all the slaves but it helped pave the way to the emancipation proclamation.
	cghs.dade.k12.fl.us /slavery/anti-slavery_movement/acs.htm (423 words)

	1839_Constitution
		Known otherwise as the "Constitution of the Commonwealth of Liberia " as adopted by the board of directors of the American Colonization Society (ACS) on January 5, 1839.
		The Executive Power shall be vested in a Governor of Liberia, to be appointed by, and to hold his office during the pleasure of the American Colonization Society.
		The land owned by the Society, and all other property be longing to the Society, and in the commonwealth, shall be under the exclusive control of the Governor and such agents as he may appoint under the direction of the Society.
	www.onliberia.org /1839Const.htm (1096 words)

	How Voluntary was the "Return" to Africa
		The creation of many more colonization societies would soon follow, not in the least because of the apparent success of the enterprise – despite its many difficulties and large number of casualties.
		Notably among the other societies were the Indiana Colonization Society, the Ohio Colonization Society, the Colonization Society of New York, the Young Men’s Colonization Society of Pennsylvania, the Maryland Colonization Society, and the Mississippi Colonization Society.
		Various representatives argued that the colonization of ‘free people of color’ had a distinct character and was different from the continuous extension of settlements, territories and ‘colonies’ by the white immigrant population that laid the foundation for the USA’s territorial growth and expansion.
	www.liberiapastandpresent.org /ColonizationSociety.htm (1268 words)

	American Colonization Society
		The prejudices and discriminations of white society were an “inevitable necessity.” The two races in America could never be assimilated and it was in the interest of both to live apart.
		They rightly recognized colonization as a movement that would sap strength from the sympathetic portion of the white population, while indirectly thwarting their aims by spreading the propaganda of fl inferiority.
		Society leaders realized they had alienated the only people who could have made their vision a reality -- free fls -- by continually describing them as a vicious and degraded race.
	www.slavenorth.com /colonize.htm (1975 words)

	exposure of the american colonization society
		Neither man actually belonged to the American Colonization Society, but like the white Americans who founded that group in 1816 they believed both that slavery would or should be abolished and that freed slaves should be transported out of the United States.
		In opposing the American Colonization Society, I have also counted the cost, and as clearly foreseen the formidable opposition which will be arrayed against me. Many of the clergy are enlisted in its support: their influence is powerful.
		The Colonization Society deters a large number of masters from liberating their slaves, and hence directly perpetuates the evils of slavery: it deters them for two reasons--an unwillingness to augment the wretchedness of those who are in servitude, by turning them loose upon the country, and a dread of increasing the number of their enemies.
	www.ipoaa.com /exposure_american_colonization_society.htm (6845 words)

	Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Transcendentalism, American Colonization Society (Site not responding. Last check: )
		American essayist, poet, and practical philosopher, renowned for having lived the doctrines of Transcendentalism as recorded in his masterwork, Walden (1854), and for having been a vigorous advocate of civil liberties, as evidenced in the essay "Civil Disobedience" (1849).
		The main focus of the society was to provide the costs of freeing slaves (by purchasing them), transportation to Africa, and assistance in initial settlement of those freed slaves.
		Antislavery groups opposed the society because it took the most successful of the free fl population away adn did little to end the practice of slavery.
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~mwfriedm/terms/david9.html (1008 words)

	Armistead Miller
		African American leaders assembled in Philadelphia to protest the creation of the American Colonization Society immediately after the Society’s inception, with fl opposition increasing during the first decade of the Society’s activities.
		Local branches of the Ohio Colonization Society were formed throughout the state, and colonization agents were especially proud of their efforts on Ohio campuses.
		Organization for a colonization society began on the Ohio University campus as early as 1826.
	www.seorf.ohiou.edu /~xx057/miller.htm (5668 words)

	"Bury Me in a Free Land": The Abolitionist Movement in Indiana, 1816-1865
		Members of the Indiana General Assembly invited persons interested in forming an auxiliary of the American Colonization Society to attend an organizational meeting on the evening of January 20, 1820, in the Senate chambers in Corydon.
		Free fls throughout the nation vigorously opposed colonization, and Hoosier fls were no less avid in their determination to remain in their native land.
		Despite enormous efforts the Colonization Society in Indiana was a failure, as the movement was elsewhere in the United States.
	www.statelib.lib.in.us /www/ihb/ugrr/buryme4.html (2788 words)

	Travel in Monrovia Liberia History
		Prominent Americans such as Henry Clay, John Randolph of Roanoke, and Justice Bushrod Washington were members of the American Colonization Society (ACS) during its early years.
		At first, the local leaders were reluctant to surrender their peoples' land to the strangers, but were forcefully persuaded -- some accounts say at gun-point -- to part with a "36 mile long and 3 mile wide" strip of coastal land for trade goods, supplies, weapons, and rum worth approximately $300.
		With overseas immigration slowing to a trickle, the Americo-Liberians (as the settlers and their descendents were starting to be called) depended on immigrants from nearby regions of Africa to increase the republic's population.
	www.africatravelling.net /liberia/monrovia/monrovia_history.htm (1955 words)

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