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Topic: American Dipper

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	American Dipper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		American Dippers are the only truly aquatic songbirds in North America, nesting and foraging along rushing mountain streams.
		American Dippers aggressively defend both their breeding and winter territories, which are generally linear spaces along the stream.
		Adult American Dippers are entirely slate-gray, with white feathers on their eyelids that are conspicuous when the bird blinks.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /american_dipper_info.htm (639 words)

	dipper - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		There are four species: the brownish gray North American dipper, Cinclus mexicanus, called also water ouzel, found from Alaska to Panama; the white-headed dipper of the Andes; the European common dipper, with a white throat and breast, found from Scandinavia to Africa; and the Asian dipper of Siberia and China.
		Dippers are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Aves, order Perciformes, family Cinclidae.
		Arboreal Nocturnal Roosting Behavior of a Fledgling American Dipper.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-dipper.html (359 words)

	American Dipper: Wildlife Notebook Series - Alaska Department of Fish and Game
		Usually dippers' nests are placed where water spray keeps the outer structures green and moist; the coarse inner grass resists moisture, so the insides remain relatively dry.
		Dippers generally lay their eggs during the period from April through June, but later dates are no doubt the rule further north or at higher elevations.
		The American dipper is highly territorial and may defend more than a half mile of stream in summer and as much as 1,000 feet of stream in winter.
	www.adfg.state.ak.us /pubs/notebook/bird/dipper.php (1006 words)

	Biodiversity Conservation Alliance
		The American dipper has been described as the only true aquatic songbird and is most noted for its odd dipping behavior, as well as its unique ability to live, feed, and play in the rapids and cascades of cool mountain streams throughout western North America.
		The American dipper is at the eastern edge of its global distribution in the Black Hills.
		Furthermore, the Black Hills population of American dipper persists in an ecological setting that is unique to the species and the loss of the population would result in a significant gap in the range of the taxon.
	www.voiceforthewild.org /bhnf/pubs/dipper_exesum.html (1071 words)

	Black Hills American Dipper
		It is also possible that the Black Hills dipper population is the result of an ongoing event, the result of dispersing dippers finding their way to the Black Hills across nearly 100 miles of grassland and sagebrush from the Bighorns Mountains or possibly other mountain ranges in the west.
		The American dipper was once common on Rapid Creek in Dark Canyon and in the Pactola area.
		A dipper that was banded on Whitewood Creek as a juvenile in July of 2003 was found dead in Deadwood on April 5, 2004.
	www.sdgfp.info /Wildlife/Diversity/dipper (5063 words)

	American Dipper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Dippers swim poorly on the surface because their feet are not webbed but below the surface they are expert swimmers.
		Dippers will not fly over a mountain to find new stream, but follow stream courses down stream and then fly up a feeder stream in search of new territory.
		The dipper’s call is a series of loud, ringing, casping notes that are loud enough to be heard over rushing water.
	www.nvwf.org /nevada/wildlife/dipper.htm (317 words)

	Animal Life in the Yosemite (Birds)
		The American Dipper lives along swift-flowing streams in the Transition, Canadian, and Hudsonian zones at altitudes of from 2000 to 10,000 feet, and it is continuously resident, even under the rigors of the Sierran winter, up as high as any water remains open.
		The American Dipper nests amid the surroundings which harbor it throughout the year, placing the structure on a rock close to or over rushing water where the surface of the nest will be kept wet by spray.
		In former years a pair of dippers nested on the stone abutments to the old bridge near the Sentinel Hotel, but replacement of the structure by a new one of modern type, with smooth-finished surfaces, left no place for the birds; in 1919 no dippers were to be found in that vicinity.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/grinnell/birds174.htm (1430 words)

	American Dipper
		Unfortunately very little is known respecting the habits of the American Dipper, which, however, being in form and size so very similar to that of Europe, probably resembles it in its mode of life.
		The Dipper is by no means a walking bird: even on land I have never seen it move more than a few steps, which it accomplished by a kind of leaping motion.
		As to the ova and fry of the salmon, there is no evidence whatever that the Dipper ever swallows them; and, therefore, the persecution to which this bird has been subjected in consequence of the mere suspicion, ought to cease until the fact be proved.
	www.audubon.org /bird/BoA/F12_G1a.html (1497 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 90-day Finding on a Petition To List the American ...
		The dipper population in the Black Hills is isolated from other populations by geographical barriers to dispersal in the form of extensive grasslands, poor quality stream habitat, and the lack of water connections to dipper populations existing west of the Black Hills (Backlund 2001).
		The Black Hills population of the American dipper is not delimited by international governmental boundaries within which significant differences in control of exploitation, management of habitat conservation status or regulatory mechanisms exist that are significant in light of section 4(a)(1)(D) of the ESA.
		Therefore, we conclude that the American dipper in the Black Hills of South Dakota is not a listable entity pursuant to section 3(15) of the ESA.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/2006/January/Day-26/e943.htm (2939 words)

	Birds » Wild Birds » American Dipper Main Page
		American Dipper Birds are also known as "Water Ouzels", and both names reflect their aquatic habits.
		American Dipper Birds may even walk along the bottom of a stream, pecking at the floor as though they were pecking on soil above ground.
		The body of the American Dipper is rotund and stocky in shape, and the tail is short and stubby.
	www.centralpets.com /pages/critterpages/birds/wild_birds/WBD5913.shtml (622 words)

	American Dipper Range Map
		The American Dipper is a year-round resident from western and northeastern Alaska and north-central Yukon to southwestern Alberta, north-central Montana, and southwestern South Dakota south to southern California, north-central and southeastern Arizona, southern New Mexico, Mexico and Central Mexico.
		The American Dipper is found along rapidly flowing mountain streams in the West, with numerous falls and cascades and beds filled with large rocks and boulders.
		It is found primarily in the vicinity of coniferous forests from 2,000 feet to timberline and less frequently found in the vicinity of mountain ponds and lakes.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /american_dipper_map.htm (92 words)

	Whiskey-Jack: The Balcony Birdwatcher's Bailiwick!- "Other Birds" section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The American Dipper is of a slate gray colour all over whereas the Eurasian dipper is brown with a very impressive white "bib".
		American Dippers do not migrate, but as the weather gets colder and streams begin to ice over they simply move down to lower altitudes in search of open water.
		Because the American Dipper does not "migrate" there is at least one population, in the Black Hills of South Dakota, that is isolated with no "source stream" connection to the western "outside".
	www.pathcom.com /~wgbz/dipper.htm (1634 words)

	The Bird That Flies Through Water - National Wildlife Magazine
		The American dipper is the only North American representative of the Cinclidae family, a group of songbirds that includes five species of dippers.
		Dippers prefer boxes placed over the fastest moving part of a stream, typically using them as sheltered ledges on which to build their traditionally elaborate nests.
		Dippers normally nest on mid-stream boulders or rock ledges just above the water, but such sites are scarce, and biologists consider this shortage the major factor inhibiting dipper reproduction.
	www.nwf.org /nationalwildlife/article.cfm?articleId=276&issueId=30 (1327 words)

	Biodiversity Conservation Alliance
		The dipper has been described as the only true aquatic songbird and is most known for its odd dipping behavior, as well as its ability to live among rapids and cascades.
		Today, nesting dippers are absent from nearly 86% of their historical range in the Black Hills as a result of stream pollution, streamside habitat degradation, and reduced stream flows.
		Protection of the dipper population on the Black Hills under the ESA is necessary to prevent the extinction of this unique and important population, and to prevent further degradation of stream habitat in the Black Hills.
	www.voiceforthewild.org /bhnf/pubs/dipper_fact1.html (395 words)

	THE AMERICAN DIPPER (CINCLUS MEXICANUS) AS A BIOLOGICAL INDICATOR OF WATER QUALITY - NABS Communication - La ...
		We hypothesized the presence of dippers may indicate reduced levels of sedimentation and therefore the water quality of streams.
		We analyzed 17 nesting pairs of dippers on six streams with a range of stream condition (sedimentation) in the Wind River mountains, Wyoming.
		Dipper body condition was negatively correlated with total suspended solids, temperature and entrenchment ratio, and positively correlated with conductivity (R
	www.benthos.org /database/allnabstracts.cfm/db/lacrosse2001abstracts/id/527 (218 words)

	American dipper swims throughout Alaska winters
		Dippers eat aquatic and flying insects and are skilled enough to catch small fish, Willson said.
		Willson thinks the dippers can survive the transition from 32-degree water to subzero air because of their feathers, which are denser than other songbirds’, with large oil glands near the base of their tails.
		She wonders how dippers in the Far North don’t perish in the frigid air temperatures and during the long nights between the three-to-four hours of twilight.
	www.gi.alaska.edu /ScienceForum/ASF18/1832.html (599 words)

	American Dipper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The American Dipper (Cinclus mexicanus), also known as a Water Ouzel, is a stocky dark grey bird with a head sometimes tinged with brown, and white feathers on the eyelids cause the eyes to flash white as the bird blinks.
		This species, like other dippers, is equipped with an extra eyelid called a "nictating membrane" that allows it to see underwater, and scales that close its nostrils when submerged.
		The American Dipper's nest is a globe-shaped structure with a side entrance, close to water, on a rock ledge, river bank, behind a waterfall or under a bridge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/American_Dipper (393 words)

	AMERICAN DIPPER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The dipper is a unique songbird species that inhabits fast moving creeks and rivers in alpine and sub-alpine areas throughout British Columbia.
		The dipper has declined or disappeared from certain streams that have become polluted and has been suggested as a good indicator of water quality because of its diet of aquatic insects and small fish.
		Current research on this species is the first in British Columbia where we are investigating the effects of trace metals and organic contaminants on migrant and resident dipper populations.
	www.sfu.ca /biology/wildberg/species/dipper.html (159 words)

	American Dipper, Blue Whale (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The American Dipper is a songbird and it feeds under water.
		Dippers are also called “Water Auzels”, and their Eskimo name, anaruk kiviruk, translates as “old woman sunck”.
		The American dipper is a stocky, solid gray bird, about 7-1/2 inches long (19cm), with a short tail.
	volweb.utk.edu /Schools/sumnercs/nberry/akamer.htm (185 words)

	RESPONSE OF THE AMERICAN DIPPER (CINCLUS MEXICANUS) TO DECREASED STREAM WATER QUALITY. - NABS Communication - ...
		Dipper territory size was significantly negatively related to Plecoptera abundance, and positively related to non-insect abundance and silt, suggesting dippers forage over shorter distances in streams with more Plecoptera and fewer non-insects and silt.
		Dipper presence was significantly positively related to Plecoptera abundance, and negatively related to Oligochaeta abundance and specific conductivity, suggesting dippers prefer increased Plecoptera, decreased oligochaetes, and lower conductivity.
		Dippers quantitatively reflect disturbance as measured by stream bioassessment indices, showing that impairment within the stream can affect this semi-aquatic bird.
	www.benthos.org /database/allnabstracts.cfm/db/Pittsburgh2002abstracts/id/293 (238 words)

	Black Hills Dipper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Black Hills American dipper (Cinclus mexicanus unicolor) is widely known for its characteristic dipping behavior, as well as its amazing ability to live and feed in the rapids and cascades of cool streams in the mountains of western North America.
		Dippers are unique passerine birds highly adapted to cold, mountain streams, where they dive and forage for aquatic insects.
		The dipper is extremely sensitive to stream pollution and is an important indicator of water quality.
	www.r6.fws.gov /species/birds/bhdipper (227 words)

	Dipper
		Dippers (family Cinclidae, Genus Cinclus) are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia.
		The dipper, named for its bobbing or dipping movements, is also known as ousel, ouzel, or water ouzel.
		Have not all the nations without exception acted meanly and dastardly civilized peoples whom they thought weaker than themselves -- and now and liberties are being slowly filched from them?
	www.wordlookup.net /di/dipper.html (172 words)

	American Dipper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		AMERICAN DIPPER is a mostly resident species along rushing streams in California mountains, and best known from the Sierra Nevada.
		Dippers do nest, however, along some coastal rivers and streams, and they will move into new areas when conditions are good with lots of rushing water.
		However, blanket permission for use of descriptions by North American Birds editors in their research is granted, and serious researchers in general are granted permission to use the records cited herein.
	www.montereybay.com /creagrus/CAlistAMDI.html (336 words)

	American Dipper Breeding Adult - Whatbird.com
		National Geographic's Handheld Birds is the first North American multimedia software program to empower birders of all levels with easy-to-use, mobile, and interactive referencing capabilities via a PDA.
		American Dipper Breeding Adult: Small, wren-like bird, dark gray overall with short, cocked tail, and white eyelids that flash when blinked.
		American Dipper Breeding Adult: Found from northern treeline in Alaska, throughout the Rockies, Cascades, and Sierra Nevada, as far south as Panama.
	identify.whatbird.com /obj/559/overview/American_Dipper_Breeding_Adult.aspx (497 words)

	Dipper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dippers are members of the genus Cinclus in the bird family Cinclidae.
		They are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia.
		The White-throated Dipper was also known historically in Britain as ouzel, or water ouzel (sometimes being spelt ousel).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dipper (194 words)

	All About Birds
		A chunky bird of western streams, the American Dipper is North America's only truly aquatic songbird.
		To be able to survive in cold waters during the winter, the American Dipper has a low metabolic rate, extra oxygen-carrying capacity in its blood, and a thick coat of feathers.
		Unlike most other songbirds, but similarly to ducks, the American Dipper molts its wing and tail feathers all at once in the late summer.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /programs/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/American_Dipper.html (162 words)

	American Dipper --(Cinclus mexicanus) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		I was watching this dipper as it caught food near the riverbank where I was sitting.
		I was wondering if I had done something to alarm it, when just a few seconds later I noticed a man start wading into the river a little downstream of where I was (and the dipper had been).
		This made me think that perhaps the dipper had sensed him coming and was responding to his approach.
	www.nawwal.org /mrgoff/photojournal/2005/fallwin/12-31p03dipper.html (110 words)

	Moose Peterson's Photo of the Month Archives 2002 - All Photos Copyright Moose Peterson
		This is especially true with the Dipper which is constantly "dipping" or bobbing up and down.
		The Dipper is working its way around in the rushing water foraging in between bursts of courtship.
		I'm just happy to know that another generation of Dippers is going to nest under that rock and I have at least one more summer to improve on my past results.
	www.moosepeterson.com /POM/2002.html (1315 words)

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