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Topic: American exceptionalism

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	AMERICAN EXCEPTIONALISM : Encyclopedia Entry
		American exceptionalism, a term coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1831, has been historically referred to as the perception that the United States differs qualitatively from other developed nations, because of its unique origins, national credo, historical evolution, and distinctive political and religious institutions.
		American exceptionalism during the Cold War was often cast by the mass media as the American Way of Life personifying liberty engaged in a battle with tyranny as represented by communism.
		Proponents of American exceptionalism argue that the United States is exceptional in that it was founded on a set of republican ideals, rather than on a common heritage, ethnicity, or ruling elite.
	www.bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/American_exceptionalism (1840 words)

	American exceptionalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		American exceptionalism is a term given to the that the United States of America and the American people hold a special place in the by offering opportunity and hope for humanity from its unique balance of public and interests governed by constitutional ideals that are on personal and economic freedom.
		Because American existence as an influential and society is due to its vast resources story of how common American ethos is due to its vast resources; the current of development being the culmination of an for 15th to 20th-century Europeans upon the of the New World.
		It ignores aspects of American and society that contradict ideals of freedom equality such as slavery segregation of schools in the South annexation by force of the Hawaiian islands McCarthyism the poverty and sometimes ghettoisation of of citizens the unequal quality of health and education and the genocide and displacement of the Native American population.
	www.freeglossary.com /American_Exceptionalism (2638 words)

	AEI - Short Publications
		This message is one that Americans wish to transmit to their children: 60 percent of Americans say that children should be taught the value of hard work, but only one-third of the British and Italians and one-fifth of the Germans agree.
		Americans would like their views to spread throughout the world: over three-fourths said this was a good idea, compared to only one-fourth of the people in France, Germany, and Italy, and one-third in Great Britain.
		The consequence of these views is that Americans today practice adversarial politics, not deferential ones, and turn frequently to the courts to settle their differences in a struggle over rights.
	www.aei.org /publications/filter.all,pubID.24842/pub_detail.asp (4720 words)

	american exceptionalism
		Ira Leonard, Violence is the American Way, April 16, 2003, goes a long way in demonstrating with evidence the fact that, in the US, American Exceptionalism definitely has a dark side.
		Claims about American exceptionalism date back to the earliest days of European settlement on these shores -- at least as far back as John Winthrop's famous remark to his fellow Puritans in 1630, that they would establish a "city upon a hill," a clear break from the corrupt world they had left behind.
		At the core of the exceptionalism problem, some scholars have argued, is a fallacious, teleological assumption that the past and present ought to judged against some preconceived notion of what ought to have happened.
	www.gseis.ucla.edu /courses/ed253a/american-exceptionalism.htm (2756 words)

	Pew Research Center: The Problem of American Exceptionalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Americans' exceptionalism is America's problem, not so much because Americans are that different from others, but because any dissimilarity in attitudes or values is magnified by the United States' place in the world, and others often resent those differences.
		In 1999, when Americans were asked to account for their country's success in the 20th century, they credited the "American system." Many among the public may have been frustrated by how the system operated, but they liked the design.
		While Americans are protective of their sovereignty and jealous of their right to protect themselves, the urge to be good world citizens and cooperate with allies is never far from the surface.
	pewresearch.org /obdeck/?ObDeckID=23 (3542 words)

	Exceptionalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Merry Christmas [1] The term is often used to describe surprising developments in economic progression, such as the economic growth of post-World War II Western Europe [2] or the ability of Sweden to generate small-business growth while yet maintaining high levels of taxation.
		"[W]hat is seemingly exceptional in one country may be found in other countries." [4] As indigenous peoples explore their respective cultural heritages, their seeking to be separately classified or newly-understood may be a form of exceptionalism.
		In ideologically-driven debates, a group may assert exceptionalism, with or without the term, in order to exaggerate the appearance of difference, perhaps to create an atmosphere permissive of a wider latitude of action, and to avoid recognition of similarities that would reduce perceived justifications.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Exceptionalism (516 words)

	American exceptionalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		American exceptionalism is the idea that the United States and the American people hold a special place in the world, by offering opportunity and hope for humanity, derived from a unique balance of public and private interests governed by constitutional ideals that are focused on personal and economic freedom
		American exceptionalism during the Cold War was often cast by the mass media as the American Way of Life personifying liberty engaged in a battle with tyranny as represented by communism.
		Proponents of American exceptionalism argue that the United States is exceptional in that it was founded on a set of republican ideals, rather than on a common heritage, ethnicity, or ruling elite.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/American_exceptionalism (1918 words)

	American Exceptionalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		American exceptionalism, as defined by Michael Lind, is "the belief in American uniqueness that is so important to democratic universalism" (10) This term is the title and main focus of Seymour Martin Lipset's book, which consists of an in-depth discussion on the topic.
		The American Creed can be described with five terms: liberty, egalitarianism (in the form of equal opportunity rather than equality of condition), individualism, populism, and laissez-faire.
		The American emphasis on the individual, along with the other elements of the Creed, are the reasons, Lipset argues, that there has never been a significant socialist movement in the United States.
	www.msu.edu /course/mc/202/Lind/page4.html (372 words)

	TomDispatch - Tomgram: Mark LeVine, Four Times Falluja Equals?
		Since the American offensive was long announced and coordinated fighting has broken out elsewhere in the Sunni areas of Iraq, it would be as logical to speak of the Fallujan fighters "redeploying" (as American troops brought to Falluja did).
		American troops, in the meanwhile, would largely be withdrawn to a dozen or more major bases lowering American casualties; yet they could be called back into action any time violence threatened to get out of hand.
		American casualties would also remain limited; media attention modest; and so a Jenin scenario would be seen, under the circumstances, as a quiet but significant victory by the Bush administration.
	www.tomdispatch.com /index.mhtml?pid=1999 (3224 words)

	[No title]
		American governments do provide public housing, public health, public education, and direct financial assistance to the poor, the aged, the disabled and the unemployed, but these programs tend to be less well funded
		Wile it is quite clear that Americans today hold a general distrust of their government, it is far from clear that this distrust has been consistent over time or that this distrust has always been greater in America than elsewhere.
		Derthick's study of the development of the American Social Security system is but one of thousands of studies which demonstrate the ways program activists had to manipulate and adapt their vision to the political realities of the fragmented nature of American politics.
	stripe.colorado.edu /~steinmo/DODDJIL.htm (10754 words)

	Exploring the Exceptional: A Case for American Exceptionalism in Literature and the Curriculum
		American exceptionalism was said to have constrained the concept of American identity.
		Ahab displays the height of American exceptionalism, in all of its invincible glory, and Melville portrays him as doomed for the mouth of the whale and the bottom of the ocean.
		American literature of the 19th century was the foundation for the multi-cultural, multi-voice narratives of the 20th century, and for the borderland stories of the 21st.
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /sci_cult/courses/emotion/web6/jrosenberg.html (2458 words)

	The American Spectator
		Though Americans do not put "extending democracy" near the top of their list of foreign policy objectives (preventing terrorism is their chief goal), few would deny that if popular rule is extended it would improve lives around the world.
		It would be almost impossible to make such a program about American civil servants, not because they care less for their own advantage but because they are checked by competing elected officials in legislative committees who are highly sensitive to what the public wants.
		As the country expanded west beyond the few million along the Atlantic coast, Americans took with them a shared view of equality with its accompanying hostility to displays of superiority and a desire for each person to be esteemed and have a fair share in government.
	www.spectator.org /dsp_article.asp?art_id=10421 (4872 words)

	AMERICAN EXCEPTIONALISM
		Huntington answers this question by pointing to a fundamental paradox in American politics: The US feels morally compelled to intervene into the affairs of other states so that they can be more democratic; however, the effective use of American power often means trampling some freedoms within the American political system.
		Whereas American foreign policy tends to be moralistically-orientated in its ends, we have historically emphasized pragmatism in the means by which goals are achieved.
		American exceptionalism has led the country to assume that it should not get involved in international politics unless doing so serves ends consistent with our core political values.
	acme.highpoint.edu /~msetzler/AFP/AFPoh/Week2.1.htm (542 words)

	The Claremont Institute - The Other American Exceptionalism
		American conservatives believe that a healthy modern economy is so complex and innovative that most economic decisions have to take place in the private sector, where scattered information is located, and risk may be rewarded or punished.
		American conservatives thus have an interest in maintaining the perceived viability of the market-oriented central European "social model." To this end, the U.S. could offer those countries closer trade ties and moral-diplomatic support in their attempt to stand up to Brussels (and Paris, and Berlin, and…).
		American liberals think they see their own counterparts all over the world, but they have ample reason to feel alone, too.
	www.claremont.org /writings/crb/fall2005/alexander.html (3321 words)

	American Exceptionalism: Home of Equality or Opportunity? \| TPMCafe
		Exceptionalism in terms of providing equality in and access to economic, political and social opportunties entirely diffenent and nobler application or use of the term, than the Bush government current mangling of Exceptionalism as a fundamentalist, indeed fascist assertion of a supremist ideology.
		The concept of American exceptionalism is moot, irrelevent, and hollow unless, and until the government truly derives it's power and authority from the consent of the governed.
		Some exceptional parents and communities are able to provide opportunities that wealth can't buy; and some exceptional individuals manage to "beat the odds" despite meager opportunities.
	www.tpmcafe.com /blog/coffeehouse/2007/jan/14/american_exceptionalism_home_of_equality_or_opportunity (6021 words)

	American Exceptionalism, American Anxiety: Wages, Competition, and Degraded Labor in the Antebellum United States \| ...
		For the American case, this comes down to the period from 1820 to 1860.
		American Exceptionalism is divided into an Introduction, seven substantive chapters, and a Conclusion.
		As a consequence, American manufacturers needed the exemptions to be competitive.
	www.eh.net /bookreviews/library/0566.shtml (1694 words)

	VDH's Private Papers :: American Exceptionalism
		In contrast, the majority of Americans insists with the president that the Islamic fascists have no more gripe against America than did a Tojo, Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin, or Khomeini — and that such nightmarish figures, not our values and policies, must and will pass away.
		George Bush ignored these second-guessing experts, assured the American people that, like our forefathers who won WWII, a much richer America could still fight and win two conflicts at once, and that bin Laden, in the manner of a Karadzic or Mladic, was a doomed man — his end a detail of when, not if.
		In response, George Bush maintained that Islamic fascism is global, fed by self-induced failures of Middle East autocrats, who hand-in-glove with terrorists diverted the frustration of the Arab Street against America —; a hyperpower that is not, pace bin Laden, libertine Sweden but rather their worst nightmare.
	victorhanson.com /articles/hanson110504.html (1215 words)

	American Exceptionalism & Unilateralism
		American Exceptionalism placed American values at center of foreign policy, fostering belief in the essential union of American virtue and power.
		Americans assume themselves as symbol of freedom, democracy, and civilization, and also pride because of these exceptional imaginations, then U.S. administrations misuse interpretation of these concepts for uniting and enforcing Americans national sensitive.
		American Exceptionalism encourages U.S. leader to unilateralism, while it is dangerous for humanity and causes fundamental reactions in world.
	www.ezinearticles.com /?American-Exceptionalism-and-Unilateralism&id=235474 (1048 words)

	“Shock and awe” diplomacy confronts American Exceptionalism
		Americans are raised in the belief that they are the possessors of unquestionable moral authority for the entire world because of their “original virtue” -- American exceptionalism -- in total contrast to the rest of the world's people who are born with the “original sin”.
		America’s behavior since the end of World War II has shrunk the idea of American exceptionalism to that of a self-centered, chauvinistic justification for Americans to portray themselves as a people they are not.
		Americans, whether members of the media, politicians of both fraternities, government officials or the public at large, have for the most part become irate to what they consider the impudence of these two people, branding them with demeaning and highly insulting names.
	www.onlinejournal.com /artman/publish/article_1245.shtml (711 words)

	Pew Research Center: The Problem of American Exceptionalism
		Differences in American values and attitudes, modest as many may be, do matter in the daily relations between nations because of the status of the United States as an unprecedented superpower and the driving influence of American business and culture.
		While two out of three American opinion leaders believe that the United States should play a strong leadership role in the world (twice the proportion of the public at large), fewer than 10 percent think the United States should be the single world leader-- a consistent finding in surveys throughout the 1990s and into 2001.
		While nationalism and religiosity are misunderstood manifestations of American exceptionalism, and U.S. internationalism often depends on the tenor of the times and who is in the White House, a deep-seated individualism, coupled with an inherent optimism, truly distinguishes Americans.
	www.pewresearch.org /pubs/23/the-problem-of-american-exceptionalism (3607 words)

	American Exceptionalism in the Health Sector
		Tocqueville observed that the "great advantage" of the American lay in that he did not have to "endure a democratic revolution".(4) That insight into American life is one of the earlier and more well known attempts to explain why the United States is different from Europe.
		Many Americans developed a sense of responsibility to come to their aid, but there were also harsher attitudes inspired by social Darwinist notions which distinguished between the "truly needy" and the "undeserving" or "unworthy" poor.
		Following directly from the first characteristic of the American policy response is the absence of institutional structures in the United States for negotiating between major groups of health care providers and the government or an NHI board of directors, or both.
	www.nyu.edu /projects/rodwin/american.html (11607 words)

	H-Net Review: David M. Wrobel on American Exceptionalism
		Their outlook is a significant precursor of American exceptionalism, but may not be a full-fledged example.
		Contrary to Madsen's interpretation, one could argue that it was the secularization of American thought in the mid- to late eighteenth century, the securing of independence from Great Britain, and the development of a republican system of government in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries that shaped American exceptionalism.
		American exceptionalism may be less the product of Old World influence and more the consequence of the natural advantages of the New World setting and the republican form of government that developed there.
	www.h-net.org /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=21846933606464 (2678 words)

	WorkingForChange-American exceptionalism tested by real-world crises
		Perhaps our luck will hold; American exceptionalism, after all, is the core of our national mythology.
		If we have a national religion, it is a faith in our exceptionalism, a belief that America, "shining city on a hill," is exempted from the tides of history.
		Americans have little patience for any suggestion of limits.
	www.workingforchange.com /article.cfm?itemid=19723 (657 words)

	The Sietch Blog » American Exceptionalism And Global Warming (Part 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Americans embrace an economic system that is ruthless and merciless, and this accounts for people’s tolerance for economic crime in high places.
		Bush could have come on TV and told the American people that it was a time of sacrifice and that we were going to as a nation remove ourselves from the downward spiral of oil use.
		American sacrifices in WW II were motivated by war and a nation that was a visible enemy.
	www.blog.thesietch.org /2007/03/04/american-exceptionalism-and-global-warming-part-3 (2843 words)

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