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Topic: American Federation of Labour

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1924

	American Federation of Labor
		In 1921 John L. Lewis, leader of the United Mine Workers of America, failed in his attempt to challenge Samuel Gompers for the presidency of the American Federation of Labor.
		William Green remained president of the AFL until 1952 when he was replaced by George Meany.
		In 1955 the CIO merged with the American Federation of Labour.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAafl.htm (731 words)

	Labour candidates and parties in Canada - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first Labour Member of Parliament (MP) was Arthur Puttee who founded the Winnipeg Labour Party, and was elected to the House of Commons from Winnipeg, Manitoba in a 1900 by-election and kept his seat at the 1900 federal election held later the same year.
		Alphonse Verville was elected as a Labour candidate in the 1904 federal election in Maisonneuve, Quebec.
		He was elected as a Federated Labour Party candidate in the British Columbia general election, 1920, re-elected as part of the Canadian Labour Party slate in 1924 continued to run and win as an Independent Labour or Labour candidate rather than join the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation until his last victory in 1956.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Labour_Party_(Canada) (1344 words)

	Edmonton Labour Council in Municipal Politics 1903-1960
		Labour has been politically and socially active in Edmonton since the founding of the Edmonton Trades and Labour Council in 1903 (though it was not chartered until 1906 by the American Federation of Labour) and the Alberta Federation of Labour in 1912.
		The Alberta Federation of Labour (AFL) was formed in 1912 it represented the Labour councils in Edmonton, Calgary, Lethbridge and Medicine Hat as well as affiliated union locals that belonged to the American Federation of Labour and the Canadian Trades and Labour Congress.
		Labour in Edmonton was part and parcel of the community life of the city and reflected this in its annual Labour Day parades, softball leagues and support for local charities.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/5202/CITYHALL1.htm (5268 words)

	Interview with the First American Labour Delegation
		In the past, the conflict of opinion among the workers and among the labouring masses of the peasantry was concentrated mainly on questions of the overthrow of the landlords, of tsarism, of the bourgeoisie, and on the smashing of the bourgeois order.
		American capitalism shows a tendency to substitute vertical division for horizontal division, that is, to split up the working class, giving it an incentive and interest in capitalism.
		Federation of Labour show that the A. of L. is gradually losing the unskilled workers and is increasing its skilled worker membership.
	www.marx2mao.com /Stalin/FALD27.html (13258 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Arbitration
		The movement to introduce arbitration in the settlement of disputes between labourers and employers is an effort in society to lift such conflicts from the plane of brute force to the level of the ethical order; to provide a rational method of settling such disputes as fail to be resolved by other peaceful means.
		Whether one explain the peaceful relations referred to by apathy, weakness, or hopelessness of unorganized labour, or by the benevolence or tyranny of the employer, or by their antagonism to the labour union, one should not overlook the fact that in a very large section of the industrial field relations are peaceful.
		Representatives of employers, of labouring men, of political life, of churches, of academic circles, have met in these conventions and their endorsements of attempts to establish industrial peace, through trade agreements, conciliation, and voluntary arbitration, have been unanimous and enthusiastic.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01682b.htm (3771 words)

	Directory - Regional: North America: Canada: Society and Culture: Labour: American Federation of Musicians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		American Federation of Musicians · Founded in 1896, the AFM is an international union organized in the United States and Canada with its Canadian headquarters in Toronto.
		Kingston Musicians Union · cached · Local 518, American Federation of Musicians, organizes and represents professional musicians in its jurisdiction.
		Windsor Federation of Musicians · Local 566, American Federation of Musicians.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=421628 (401 words)

	Labour’s Rights of Spring
		The international labour movement selected the first day of May as its international day of action because it coincided with the re-opening of the struggle for the eight-hour workday by the American Federation of Labour.
		The American Federation of Labour declared that May 1st, 1886 would mark the beginning of a national strike for an eight-hour workday.
		Chicago was the heart of the labour activity, and when the strike was called, the entire city was brought to halt.
	www3.telus.net /public/afl/LabourNews/apr00-11.html (808 words)

	Calgary 1919
		Having faced draconian anti-labor legislation during the war as well as the Federal Governments attacks on radical unions and immigrant workers, the founding members of the OBU were determined to create an industrial union that would not discriminate between skilled and un-skilled, alien or Canadian workers.
		Senator Robertson; the federal Minister of Labour, in Calgary for meetings with the Railway Unions, tells the press that; "Sympathy Strikes are ineffectual in meeting the demands of labour".
		Senator Robertson in a telegram warned the AFL that the Winnipeg strike, and the sympathy strikes in the rest of Western Canada, was an attempt to destroy the International Unions and replace them with a "socialist One Big Union".
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/5202/Cal1919.htm (1968 words)

	Calgary & Southern Alberta - Early Union Organization
		Brotherhoods constituted the "aristocracy" of the labour movement; they acted as bargaining agents and mutual aid societies for their members and they established rigid jurisdictional lines and strong apprenticeship rules.
		In 1902, however, the American Federation of Labour absorbed the organisation in Canada.
		From the beginning of the labour movement in southern Alberta it became evident that miners, who preferred industrial unions, shared little in common with urban craft unions such as the Brotherhoods.
	www.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/calgary/labourunion.html (644 words)

	Alberta Federation of Labour
		The AFL was not the first organization in Alberta established to bring together a wide range of trades and industries.
		The AFL and IFL became bitter rivals until several young "turks" replaced the right-wing AFL leaders in the mid-fifties.
		Currently, the AFL is evaluating its alliance with the NDP and the possibility of initiating a new political movement.
	www.abheritage.ca /abpolitics/people/influ_labour.html (1267 words)

	Part 12 of The Workers' Republic
		Whether the conversion of the membership of the American Federation of Labour to industrialism would mean the disruption of the Federation and the throwing of it aside as the up-to-date capitalist throws aside a machine, be it ever so costly, when a more perfectly functioning machine has been devised.
		It is obvious that the sway of the American Federation of Labour in the American labour movement is but a brief interregnum between the passing of the old revolutionary organisation and the ascension into power of the new.
		But if these workers are organised in the American Federation of Labour they must be subject only to the call of their national or international craft body; and if at any time they obey the call of the industry in preference to the craft they are ordered peremptorily back to scab upon their brothers.
	www.ucc.ie /celt/published/E900002-005/text012.html (2942 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Nation
		Such a scenario would be a variation of the drive in the last decade in Europe and the US to boycott Indian carpets produced with child labour.
		India largely got over that campaign by labelling carpets with the certification that child labour was not involved.
		Lest it should be accused of insensitivity to the problem of job export, the administration hastily filed a case in the WTO against China, attacking its tax breaks for integrated circuits manufacturers.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1040322/asp/nation/story_3030511.asp (384 words)

	Labour Day
		It was still a crime to be a member of a union in Canada although the law of criminal conspiracy in restraint of trade had been repealed by the United Kingdom parliament in 1871.
		In 1882, the Toronto Trades and Labour Council, successor to the TTA, decided to organize the annual demonstration and picnic for July 22.
		There can be little doubt that the annual demonstrations of worker's solidarity each Labour Day in North America owe their inspiration to small group of 'illegal' members of the Toronto Trades Assembly.
	www.calendar-updates.com /info/holidays/canada/labour.aspx (645 words)

	JCS Archive: Industrialism and the Trade Unions
		This policy of the American Federation of Labour coupled with the unfortunate bomb incident of Chicago, for which the Knights of Labour received much of the blame, completed the ruin of the latter organization and destroyed the growing unity of the working class for the time being.
		It is obvious that the sway of the American Federation of Labour in the American labour movement is but a brief interregnum between the passing of the old revolutionary organization and the ascension into power of the new.
		But if these workers are organized in the American Federation of Labour they must be subject only to the call of their national or international craft body; and if at any time they obey the call of the industry in preference to the craft they are ordered peremptorily back to scab upon their brothers.
	www.wageslave.org /jcs/archive/1002xx.html (2789 words)

	Labour Gazette: 1940s American Federation of Labour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		“Convention of the American Federation of Labour,” Labour Gazette, December 1943: 1735-1738.
		“American Federation of Labour,” Labour Gazette, December 1944: 1579-1582.
		“Sixty-Fifth Convention of the American Federation of Labour,” Labour Gazette, December 1946: 1713-1715.
	socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca /maclabour/RESOURCES/Labour_Gazette/American_Federation_of_Labour/40s_American_Federation_of_Labour/40s-American_Federation_of_Labour_title_page.htm (153 words)

	"On Unions."
		The common wages of labour are determined, like the negotiations to any contract, by two sides.
		Both sides in the labour market3 (these days much more highly developed), too, are subject to a highly developed common law in the area of employer/employee relations.
		Collective bargaining, in labour relations, is a procedure whereby an employer agrees to discuss working conditions by bargaining with a representative of the effected employees, usually a labour union.
	www.blupete.com /Literature/Essays/BluePete/Unions.htm (1674 words)

	The general organization (from American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations) -- Encyclopædia ...
		American federation of autonomous labour unions formed in 1955 by the merger of the AFL (founded 1886), which originally organized workers in craft unions, and the CIO (founded 1935), which organized workers by industries.
		,Latin-American labour union federation that was established in 1951 as a regional organization for the Latin-American members of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, which had been founded in 1949 primarily by the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL–CIO) of the United States and the Trades Union Congress of Great...
		The bourse was a combination of a labour exchange (dealing with job placement), a workers' club and cultural centre, and a central labour union.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=266 (937 words)

	U.S. DOL - The History of Labor Day
		Labor Day, the first Monday in September, is a creation of the labor movement and is dedicated to the social and economic achievements of American workers.
		Some records show that Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a cofounder of the American Federation of Labor, was first in suggesting a day to honor those "who from rude nature have delved and carved all the grandeur we behold."
		Still later, by a resolution of the American Federation of Labor convention of 1909, the Sunday preceding Labor Day was adopted as Labor Sunday and dedicated to the spiritual and educational aspects of the labor movement.
	www.dol.gov /opa/aboutdol/laborday.htm (764 words)

	About the ILO, Who we are: ILO History
		The International Labour Organization was created in 1919, at the end of the First World War, at the time of the Peace Conference which convened first in Paris, then at Versailles.
		After having been put to the test within the International Association for Labour Legislation, founded in Basel in 1901, their ideas were incorporated into the Constitution of the International Labour Organization, adopted by the Peace Conference in April of 1919.
		Another reason for the creation of the International Labour Organization was added by the participants of the Peace Conference, linked to the end of the war to which workers had contributed significantly both on the battlefield and in industry.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/about/history.htm (1678 words)

	Why Mayday?
		Over a century ago the American Federation of Labour adopted a historic resolution which asserted that "eight hours shall constitute a legal days labour from and after May 1st, 1886".
		It was the activities of the anarchists in the Central Labour Union and on the streets that made Chicago the centre of the eight hour movement.
		In 1889, the American delegation attending the International Socialist congress in Paris proposed that May 1st be adopted as a workers' holiday.
	www.spunk.org /library/intro/sp001497/mayday.html (1008 words)

	PRESS CONFERENCE ON CHILD LABOUR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Launching "A Future Without Child Labour", the International Labour Organization's most comprehensive study on the subject, ILO Director General Juan Somavia told correspondents that 246 million children -- one in every six children aged 5 to 17 -- were involved in child labour.
		Somavia was joined by John Sweeney, President of the American Federation of Labour and Congress of Industrial Organization (AFL-CIO), Marcela Malbunes, Vice-President of Human Rights for Phillips-Van Heusen, and Zohreh Tabatabai, Director of Communications, ILO. Also present were children who were formerly involved in the worst forms of child labour.
		Somavia noted that in terms of volume, Asia had the largest number of child labourers -- about 127 million. Africa had the highest percentage, with about one third of children involved in different forms of child labour. In terms of sectors, 70 per cent of child labourers were involved in agriculture.
	www.un.org /News/briefings/docs/2002/ilopc.doc.htm (478 words)

	globalinfo.org - Dec 10, UNITED STATES (#26907)
		Oxfam America, the American Federation of Labour-Congress of Industrial Organisations (AFL-CIO), the Washington Office on Latin America, World Vision, Health GAP and more than two dozen U.S. church groups, including the National Council of Churches in Christ, pledged on Tuesday to oppose the trade deal.
		American groups are also worried that the deal lures developing countries by offering "limited" market access while at the same time jeopardising an already fragile employment situation in the United States.
		Lee says that her group is worried that CAFTA asks countries to enforce their own labour laws, "whatever they might be", rather than requiring them to implement strong labour rights.
	www.globalinfo.org /eng/reader.asp?ArticleId=26907 (899 words)

	Canada/US Relations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The idea of imperial federation and the argument for a partnership, a bloc of equals concerting trade, defence, and foreign policy was often expressed over more than fifty years.
		One proposal was that the federal government should provide 4 million dollars and that Canada's oldest text book producing press should be maintained as Canadian with the cooperation and, perhaps, ownership or joint ownership of already established Canadian publishers.
		The three reports calling for significant change in the operation of the economy in relation to foreign participation were virtually ignored by the federal government, even though they pointed to huge losses in revenue for Canada as a result of foreign ownership of the economy.
	www.ola.bc.ca /online/cf/module-4/usrel.html (20021 words)

	The Dream Of Debs Page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Labour is doing nothing wrong in going out on this general strike.
		You follows destroyed it, and by so doing undid yourselves; for right on top of it began the organization of the I.L.W. - the biggest and solidest organization of labour the United States has ever seen, and you are responsible for its existence and for the present general strike.
		Labour caught us napping and struck at our weakest place, the stomach.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Stories/London5/London5C5P3.htm (959 words)

	Greenwood Publishing Group I1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Although some trade unionists maintained a commitment to the concept of working-class solidarity, most labor leaders opted to exclude newcomers from America as a means of guaranteeing the economic survival of their organizations.
		is on firmest ground when it discusses the American Federation of Labour and the movement for a literacy test and then a quota system to restrict eastern and southern European immigration.
		A careful analysis, and the book's best chapter, reveals that it was a much-divided AFL which endorsed a literacy test for immigrants in 1897.
	info.greenwood.com /books/0313255/031325544x.html (358 words)

	U.S. ELECTION: Labour Needs 'the Vision Thing'
		The AFL-CIO (American Federation of Labour/Congress of Industrial Organisations, the federation of U.S. labour unions) itself fielded 5,000 fulltime employees and 225,000 volunteers.
		This split in labour was visible even during the primaries, when public sector unions in particular supported Howard Dean, who was eventually defeated by Kerry, because of his anti-war stance.
		Art Pulaski, executive secretary of the California Labour Federation (the AFL-CIO's largest state body), declared after Kerry's loss: ”opposition to the war is going to swell in labour.
	www.ipsnews.net /new_nota.asp?idnews=26255 (1289 words)

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