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	American system of manufacturing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The American system of manufacturing, developed by Eli Whitney in 1799, involves semi-skilled labour using machine tools and templates (or jigs) to make standardized, identical, interchangeable parts, manufactured to a tolerance.
		Since parts are interchangeable, it is also possible to separate manufacture from assembly, and assembly may be carried out by semi-skilled labour on an assembly line - an example of the division of labour.
		In fact, the concepts of the American System originated in France, and were first proposed for the production of guns by Honoré le Blanc in the mid 18th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/American_system_of_manufacturing (471 words)

	American System of Watch Manufacturing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aaron Lufkin Dennison was inspired by the manufacturing techniques of the United States Armory at Springfield, Mass.
		It meant that everything was made on the premises, not according to the plans of ideas or methods of work of individual workmen, but under the direct supervision of a company's foreman, according to gauges the company furnished, under conditions of time, cleanliness and care which the company prescribed.
		There was probably no greater industrial challenge, no line of manufacturing in the world demanding such a high grade of business and mechanical ability, and such unremitting care and oversight, combined with technical skill and individual dexterity and judgment as is indispensable in systematic watch making.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/American_System_of_Watch_Manufacturing (272 words)

	American system of manufacturing -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Until then, under the (A system of weights and measures based on the foot and pound and second and pint) English System invented during the (The transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation) Industrial Revolution, skilled machinists were required to produce parts from a design.
		Whitney first used the system to manufacture (A muzzle-loading shoulder gun with a long barrel; formerly used by infantrymen) muskets.
		In fact, the concepts of the American System originated in (A republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe) France, and were first proposed for the production of guns by Honoré le Blanc in the mid 18th century.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Am/American_system_of_manufacturing.htm (417 words)

	Information hiding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The concept of information hiding was first documented in a paper by David Parnas, "On the Criteria to Be Used in Decomposing Systems Into Modules" published in Communications of the ACM in December, 1972.
		In order to make the design, manufacturing, and maintenance of a car reasonable, the complex piece of equipment is divided into modules with particular interfaces hiding design decisions.
		The differences in the engines are that the more powerful luxury version has a larger displacement with a fuel injection system that is programmed to provide the fuel air mixture that the larger displacement engine requires.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Data+hiding (791 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Manufacturing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		For the wider business elements of Manufacturing see the definitions in the manufacturing overview.
		Manufacturing is the transformation, by means of a tool and/or processing medium, of raw materials into finished goods for sale, or intermediate processes involving the production or finishing of semi-manufactures.
		Although handicraft production has been with us for many millennia, modern-style manufacturing is generally regarded as beginning around 1780 with the British Industrial Revolution, spreading thereafter to Continental Europe and North America, and subsequently around the world.
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Manufacturing (200 words)

	[ELGIN] A Short History of American Watch Making
		This became known as the "American System of Manufacturing." By the 1860s-1870s the American watch companies had proved that this system could make watches that were every bit as good as all but the best watches that were made by hand.
		One drawback to the American System of Manufacturing is that each part required a machine to make it, so complicated watches such as minute repeaters, chronographs and very high end watches were not practical to make.
		Americans, in general, were quite isolationist, and Elgin and Waltham were generally selling everything their factories could produce.
	elginwatches.org /history/short_history.html (1781 words)

	Industrialization of American Society
		In iron manufacturing, however, a standard factory layout, because of the new machines, took a long time to develop and there was little uniformity in factory organization until the end of the 19th century.
		By the 1850s, the system of interchangeable parts combined with specialized machines was being referred to as the "American system" of manufacturing.
		Now called traditional manufacturing, the system of melding worker to the machine is used to build almost all durable goods.
	www.engr.sjsu.edu /pabacker/industrial.htm (2459 words)

	Encyclopedia: American system of manufacturing
		An assembly line is a manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create an end product.
		The Industrial Revolution was the major technological, socioeconomic and cultural change in the late 18th and early 19th century resulting from the replacement of an economy based on manual labor to one dominated by industry and machine manufacture.
		Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 â€“ July 4, 1826) was the third (1801â€“1809) President of the United States, second(1797)â€“1801) Vice President of the United States, and an American statesman, ambassador to France, political philosopher, revolutionary, agriculturalist, horticulturist, land owner, architect, archaeologist, slaveowner, author, inventor, and founder of the...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/American-system-of-manufacturing (907 words)

	The Global Garden Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		At the same time that pioneers were migrating to the Illinois prairies in the early 1800s,New Englanders were developing a distinctive system of manufacturing that emphasized massproduction, low cost, and interchangability of parts.
		In the 1850s, several Europea delegations came to investigate the American System of Manufacturing and copied some of its elements.
		This system of manufacturing created many products, some of which were used on farms to increase the productivity of each laborer, in harvesting, planting and cultivating fields.
	www.rain.org /global-garden/history/garden-history-modern-overview.html (352 words)

	National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum
		Initiated and perfected among domestic arms makers, this "American System of Manufacturing" relied on specialized machinery, precision tooling and gauging, and mass-production principles like the uniformity of constituent parts and the division of labor among trained mechanics rather than artisan gunsmiths.
		Employing this "system," American arms makers produced hundreds of thousands of machine-made firearms that often rivaled traditional European standards of craftsmanship while at the same time providing greater mechanical ingenuity and superior firepower.
		His application in the 1850s of machine-based fabrication clearly demonstrated that, rather than diminishing the technical excellence and artisanry of firearms, the "American System" actually raised uniform quality and increased the percentage of unit cost that could be devoted to fine fitting and superior finish.
	www.nationalcowboymuseum.org /g_weit_info.html (1503 words)

	How To Manufacture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It's got a hefty chapter on manufacturing techniques, primarily regarding how terrestrial techniques can be applied in space but with a lot of information usable in a more general sense.
		Presenting a theory its authors call the "propaganda model", the book argues that since mass media news outlets are now run by large corporations, they are under the same competitive pressures as other corporations.
		The documentary film ''Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media'', directed by Mark Achbar and Peter Wintonick was based in part on Chomsky and Herman's work; the remainder of the film serves as a biography of Chomsky.
	www.blownspeakers.com /pages3/43/how-to-manufacture.html (508 words)

	American Axle & Manufacturing Designs Driveline System for Hybrid Vehicle
		DETROIT, July 15 American Axle and Manufacturing Holdings, Inc. (AAM), which is traded as AXL on the NYSE, joined Ford Motor Company and three other automotive suppliers in the development of a prototype hybrid bus for airport shuttle and mass transit use.
		Because the drivetrain of the FASTM bus does not include a transmission, the driveline system was modified by AAM and standard components were replaced with an advanced 10.5-inch PowerLite® axle and PowerDense(TM) technology to maximize axle efficiency and performance.
		AAM is a world leader in the manufacture, engineering, design and validation of driveline systems and related components and modules, chassis systems and forged products for trucks, buses, sport utility vehicles and passenger cars.
	www.theautochannel.com /news/2002/07/16/143810.html (554 words)

	American Axle & Manufacturing Designs Driveline System for Hybrid Vehicle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		DETROIT, July 15 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings, Inc. (AAM), which is traded as AXL on the NYSE, joined Ford Motor Company and three other automotive suppliers in the development of a prototype hybrid bus for airport shuttle and mass transit use.
		AAM designed and integrated several components of the driveline system for the hybrid vehicle including the rear axle, rear driveshaft, electric motor mounting, and parking brake system.
		The hybrid system captures energy normally wasted during idle, eliminates particulate emissions, uses regenerative braking to capture energy during braking to charge the batteries, and allows operation with the engine off (zero emission mode) in environmentally sensitive areas.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/07-15-2002/0001763546&EDATE= (545 words)

	American system of manufacturing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Robbins LLC received from American Quality Assessors, LLC, their Certificate of Quality System Assessment #2095, covering design and manufacturing of curing tubes and curing envelopes for the tire retread industry, custom mixed rubber and dunnage...
		American Axle selects MTS software.(licensing agreement of American Axle and Manufacturing and MTS Systems Corp.)(Brief...
		Manufacturing Science and Engineering: Presented at the 1997 Asme International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Expo...
	hallencyclopedia.com /American_system_of_manufacturing (744 words)

	Digital History
		The single most important figure in the development of the American system was Eli Whitney, the inventor of the cotton gin.
		Other industries soon adopted the "American system of manufacturing." As early as 1800 manufacturers of wooden clocks began to use interchangeable parts.
		European travelers deplored the backwardness of American farmers, their ignorance of the principles of scientific farming, their lack of labor-saving machinery, and their wastefulness of natural resources.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /database/article_display.cfm?HHID=604 (916 words)

	The Social Basis of the American System of Manufacturing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The particular case to which I would like to turn the discussion is one close to home—a case centering on the American system of manufacturing and the possible part that social and cultural factors may have played in its origins or in its persisting features.
		The American workman is not a mere workman; he is an American and he aims to live as well as and to use his own expression to "have fun" to the same extent as any other American.
		While their assignment led to a special focus on the manufacture of firearms in both private plants and national armories—and calls attention to the role of large government contracts, funds, and facilities in the early development of this particular field—their observations fortunately ranged far beyond.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~DRBR/sawyer.html (5474 words)

	Hounshell - From American System to Mass Production
		The American system of production in the late 19th century and early 20th century was different in kind and scope from the era of mass production and succeeded it.
		While many historians attribute the American system to interchangeable parts and especially Eli Whitney, he was more a promoter than a successful example of the new technique.
		It's doubtful that the phrase "American system" and it's definition was that widespread in the 1800's and is probably an artifact of more recent writings on the subject.
	faculty.babson.edu /krollag/org_site/org_theory/barley_articles/hounshell_mass.html (2484 words)

	American Metal Market: Cummins to install FMS in Ind. plant - flexible manufacturing system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The K&T system is valued at between $5 million and $5.5 million and will initially be used to machine a new family of engine brakes currently produced by outside vendors.
		The system will be controlled by a Digital Equipment Vax 750 which is expected to be tied to the firm's computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing systems and manufacturing resource planning systems.
		The system will be manned with about four employees per shift, Back said, compared to about 15 to 20 persons per shift on conventional tools.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3MKT/is_v93/ai_3923362 (719 words)

	Factory - Biocrawler definition:Factory - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This proved more efficient – for administration and for the distribution of raw materials to individual workers – than earlier methods of manufacturing such as cottage industries or the putting-out system.
		Cotton mills utilised inventions such as the steam engine and the power loom to pioneer the industrial factory of the 19th century, where precision machine tools and replaceable parts allowed greater efficiency and less waste.
		Manufacturing processes (or their logical successors, assembly plants) in the late 20th century re-focussed in many instances on Special Economic Zones in developing countries or on maquiladoras just across the national boundaries of industrialised states.
	www.biocrawler.com /biowiki/Factory (788 words)

	Diesel Progress North American Edition: Insulating As Smooth As Cream - Fiberiffic Energy System from Abiff ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Fiberiffic Energy System, the brainchild of Abiff President Henry Sperber, consists of a mixing mechanism that combines ordinary loosefill fibers such as fiberglass, rockwool and cellulose with a non-toxic, environmentally friendly binder to create a shaving cream-like insulation material that is applied to the desired surface.
		The system uses a blower check valve to prevent fiber backup, according to the company and a double switch remote control system with 125 ft. of cable is included for remote applications.
		This system is designed for and currently used in residential and commercial new and retrofit insulation projects all over the world.
	www.findarticles.com /cf_dls/m0FZX/1_66/59461305/p1/article.jhtml (634 words)

	Chapter Ten Outline
		Americans contributed new manufacturing ideas, such as interchangeable parts andmachine-tool5 Both innovations paved the way for the massive industrialization that occurred after the Civil War.
		This system combined all manufacturing processes in a single location, thereby elimi-nating numerous problems for the textile industry and making it the most successful industry prior to the Civil War.
		Stories of great pioneers sparked the imaginations of Americans, but there were other sides to the familiar legends that many ignored-namely, the help Indians provided these pioneers and the settlers' irreverence for the environment.
	www.bsu.edu /classes/cantu/HIST201/10outline.htm (610 words)

	AMERICAN SYSTEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Major newspapers and legal journals called for the introduction of a British or American system of discovery, the abolition of coerced confessions, a legal presumption of innocence, an independent judiciary, and improved administrative laws.
		While the banking system in Australia is reliable and transparent, there are structural and operational differences between it and the American system.
		The genius of the American system is that we do this so naturally and so normally.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/AMERICAN+SYSTEM (458 words)

	American Metal Market: Texas Instruments orders FMS - flexible manufacturing system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		TI did not disclose the specific parts the FMS will manufacture because of the classified nature of the programs, but the company is currently producing parts for the high-speed anti-radar missiles (HARM) and in June received an additional order for 1,571 of the missiles, a contract valued at $462.1 million (AMM/MN, June 17).
		For medium volume, a flexible manufacturing system would be acceptable, but here the volume of parts required just wouldn't make that practical," Randall said.
		Eight of the 10 work cells, all machining parts for the missile system, are automated and linked up to a TI computer system.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3MKT/is_v93/ai_4011685 (1312 words)

	American Software is e-Business, ERP solutions, Supply Chain Management, and Flow Manufacturing! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Playmobil has selected the Flow Manufacturing System to support their flow manufacturing initiatives when the new Playmobil Malta factory opens later this year.
		The Flow Manufacturing System from American Software will provide for a flexible solution that provides the necessary functionality that can be interfaced with the present Playmobil infrastructure based on the IBM iSeries Servers” said John Farrugia, Manager MIS of Playmobil.
		American Software is very pleased to have been selected to provide the Software and Implementation services to support the Playmobil flow manufacturing initiatives for the new factory in Malta.
	www.amsoftware.com /marketing/Press-Playmobil.asp (535 words)

	Samuel_Colt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Colt's new factory was based upon the American system of manufacturing he observed at Whitney's plant, but Colt advanced this system to create what would be recognized as the first industrialized firearm factory in the world.
		In 1849, Colt hired Elisha K. Root, who had made the Collins Company the foremost axe manufacturer in the world, to bring his machinery to state of the art, making the Colt revolver the first firearm with truly interchangeable parts.
		Root invented the Lincoln Miller milling machine that was to become the most important American heavy machine tool of the late 1800s, with 150,000 being sold.
	www.exoticfelines.com /search.php?title=Samuel_Colt (408 words)

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