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Topic: Amhara

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	Amhara People Profile
		The Amhara were responsible for slowing and holding the expanding Muslims as Arab pressures and influences spread Islam to Cushite and Semitic people in the Horn of Africa.
		For the Amhara people, the average life expectancy is around 46, compared to 75 years in the U.S.A. For the Amhara people, there is one doctor per 28,000 patients and one nurse per 8,393 patients.
		The Amhara generally feel that to be Amhara is to be Christian and to be Christian is to be Orthodox.
	endor.hsutx.edu /~obiwan/profiles/amhara.html (2148 words)

	African Tribes - Amhara People
		The Amhara are the politically and culturally dominant ethnic group of Ethiopia.
		In terms of the total Ethiopian population, however, the Amhara are a numerical minority.
		Life in the Amhara farming society is hard.
	www.africaguide.com /culture/tribes/amhara.htm (569 words)

	Amhara
		In the same way that a warrior sheds the blood of his enemy, according to Amhara folklore, so God has "cursed" woman, shedding her blood each month to remind her that she is the vanquished, the servant of her father and her husband.
		Ancient Amhara culture had a writing system, and therefore, there is a wealth of texts that have preserved the ancient teachings of Christianity in a language that is not spoken by people today but remains the language of the church.
		In the countryside, the Amhara do not wear shoes, but in the towns and the city shoes are generally worn to protect the feet against the debris of the streets.
	www.everyculture.com /wc/Costa-Rica-to-Georgia/Amhara.html (2984 words)

	Amhara
		Amhara is a name with an awesome history in Ethiopia, and a political party that bears this name is unavoidably burdened with a heavy legacy from the past.
		Amhara society was rigidly stratified, with a vast peasant base supporting a narrow ruling hierarchy of aristocrats and clerics, a social structure often described as feudal.
		Amhara were heavily involved in the ranks and leadership of the student movement and the several political organizations that emerged from it to struggle against the imperial regime and its military successor.
	www.sidamaconcern.com /news2005/whats_in_name.htm (1744 words)

	Amhara (Ethiopia) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Amhara, according to the Ethiopian Parliament site, "consists of 10 administrative zones, one special zone, 105 woredas, and 78 urban centers." "The capital city of the State of Amhara is Bahir-Dar" and "the Sate of Amhara is located in the north western and north central part of Ethiopia.
		This is an ethnical state, with 91.2% of the population (of 13,834,297) belonging to the Amhara ethny.
		Amhara traitional color is yellow and second red.
	www.fotw.us /flags/et-am.html (309 words)

	Ethiopia: Ethiopia's Peoples ~a HREF="/et_00_00.html#et_02_04"
		From the perspective of many Amhara in the core area of Gonder, Gojam, and western Welo, the Amhara of Shewa (who constituted the basic ruling group under Menelik II and Haile Selassie) are not true descendants of the northern Amhara and the Tigray and heirs to the ancient kingdom of Aksum.
		Amhara from one area view those from other areas as different, and there is a long history of conflicts among Amhara nobles aspiring to be kings or kingmakers.
		Shewan Amharic speakers are on the southern periphery of the territory occupied by the Amhara.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/etsave/et_02_04.html (5506 words)

	The Amhara People of Ethiopia -- A Cultural Profile
		The Amhara (pronounced am-HAH-ruh) are mostly farmers who live in the north central highlands of Ethiopia.
		The Amhara believe that to be Amhara is to be Christian.
		To the Amhara to be Christian is to be Orthodox.
	orvillejenkins.com /profiles/amhara.html (2056 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| The new middle level health workers training in the Amhara regional state of Ethiopia: ...
		In the Amhara regional state, the first batch of these middle level health workers were released in 1997 and has been assigned into the peripheral health institutions of the region ever since.
		The objective of this study was to identify the perspectives of middle level health students in the Amhara regional state of Ethiopia towards their training, future career and practice.
		The Amhara regional state covers some 16% of the area of the country and about a quarter of the population, making it the second largest state in the country.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2458/2/15 (2881 words)

	Ethiopia - Ethnic Relations
		Amhara from one area view those from other areas as different, and there is a long history of conflicts among Amhara nobles aspiring to be kings or kingmakers.
		Shewan Amharic speakers are on the southern periphery of the territory occupied by the Amhara.
		During the imperial regime, Amhara dominance led to the adoption of Amharic as the language of government, commerce, and education.
	countrystudies.us /ethiopia/54.htm (879 words)

	Interview with Professor Megalommatis - Part I
		Amhara tyrannical and archaic rule and ‘Ethiopia’ as the name of the country is an oxymoron that perpetuates the dysfunctional character of a country that leads the world in misery, pestilence, poverty, starvation, plague, and death!
		From these people one must remove the Gabi you are talking about, from Muslims the hedjab (veil) and the useless prayer must be uprooted, so that all the decadent peoples and cultures be forced either to ultimate original thought and reassessment of their situation (as well as of the world affairs) or to final death.
		Amhara – Abyssinian – Axumite culture is dead; what one may see among them is the permanence of some dead stereotypic elements of the Abyssinian culture that are the crumbs of Axum.
	www.voicefinfinne.org /English/Interviews/Interview_Mega2.htm (5609 words)

	Land
		This document summarises results of the preliminary phase of the research project to characterise the nature and causes of land degradation in the highlands of the Amhara region and to examine the opportunities for more sustainable land management and development.
		Amhara National Regional State is located in the north-western part of Ethiopia between 9°N. and 36°E. E, with a total area of 170,152 km
		Loss of fertility is manifested through limited recycling of dung and crop residues in the soil, low use of chemical fertilisers, declining fallow periods, soil and organic matter burning, and soil erosion.
	www.ilri.cgiar.org /InfoServ/Webpub/Fulldocs/WP30/Land.htm (1296 words)

	[No title]
		Ninety-five percent of the Amhara (and of all Ethiopians) depend on farming and stock raising for subsistence.
		The Amhara have a stratified feudal society, although new elites are emerging to challenge the old hierarchy.
		Land tenure among the Amhara of Ethiopia; the dynamics of cognatic descent.
	lucy.ukc.ac.uk /EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7825 (1350 words)

	GUS
		Opposing the Sinhalese, who ritualise menarche, “[…] the Amhara female’s rite of passage (which may be formalized and public or casual and secret) is her introduction to adult heterosexual intercourse”.
		This type of arrangement tends to be made when the boy’s family is too poor to provide enough to get him started on his own, or if the girl’s father has no son to help him with the work”.
		Most parents want their girls to marry early, preferably before their first menstruation, due to the fear of pre-marital loss of virginity, or even worse, that a girl might bear a child out of wedlock.
	www2.hu-berlin.de /sexology/GESUND/ARCHIV/GUS/AMHARA.HTM (1229 words)

	A Glimmer of Hope Foundation: Ethiopia: Featured Projects: Amhara Water Projects
		Amhara receives more rainfall than any other region in the country which is surprising considering it is situated in northern Ethiopia and shares its western border with the Sahara desert.
		Unfortunately, almost all of this rainfall occurs during a three month period over the summer (June to early September) and without any effective means of storage, the region’s rural people have long suffered from a variety of water-related issues ranging from severe drought to a high incidence of waterborne diseases.
		During the Great Famine of the mid-1980s, Amhara was one of the hardest hit regions.
	www.aglimmerofhope.com /projects/ethiopia/featured/water/amhara.cfm (599 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Amharas were one of the tribes that were descended from the Axumites along with the Tigre, Gurage and the Harari tribes of modern Ethiopia.
		The Amhara tribe was emerging as a strong political and cultural entity during the Zagew dynasty.
		The Amharas also were responsible for the continuation of the Byzantine influenced paintings and wall murals in the middle ages and beyond.
	www.geocities.com /theamharas (1039 words)

	vetiver Grass -- The Amhara Regional State Proposal On Vetiver Promotion
		This indicates that, all arable land and areas to be afforested and/or all watersheds in the Amhara Regional State require an intensive soil conservation and land management practices to prevent further deteriorations and/ or to re-inverse the degradation processes.
		Thus the promotion of Vetiver as a strategic soil conservation measure, in the Amhara Regional State, seems an ideal and a timely action to halt soil erosion and land degradation, which should be the highest priority in rural development programs of the state.
		According to the study conducted by the Watershed Development and Land Use Department (January 1995), the physiography of the region is steep fault scraps and adjoining low land plains in the east,nearly flat plateaus and mountains in the centre and erosional land form in the north and else where (Abayneh Esayas,1995).
	www.vetiver.org /ETH_amhara1.htm (2905 words)

	[No title]
		Amharas, mainly students and unemployed workers, in repeated defiance of this restriction, gathered in crowds, insulting the Tigreans, criticizing the United States for abandoning talks, and objecting to the EPRDF's decision to accept the EPLF's control over Eritrea.
		Amharas are concentrated primarily in Addis Ababa and the north-west portion of central Ethiopia.
		Amharas and those who have assimilated into the Amhara culture are, according to Alex de Waal of Africa Watch, "grossly over-represented" in the bureaucracy.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/ins/ethiopia_amharas_93.html (9701 words)

	American Chronicle: The lethal myth of Abyssinia: the ‘Ethiopia’ Hold Up
		As far as the Amhara tribe is concerned, one must admit that they must have learned something from the jailing of their leaders; by now they know how it feels to be oppressed, even in cases you are allowed to establish political parties and to speak freely.
		The imprisoned Amhara leaders should rather start thinking about a form of unity that could eventually be possible within a new Abyssinia whereby nations should be first asked in a referendum whether they want to belong or not.
		The average Amhara people were neither conscious nor a direct material beneficiary of the system though they were not as exploited as the people of the South, enjoying the benefit of moral superiority.
	www.americanchronicle.com /articles/viewArticle.asp?articleID=27247 (2758 words)

	amhara
		Amhara (አማራ) is an ethnic group in the central highlands of Ethiopia, numbering about 23 million, making up 30.2% of the country's population according...
		The Amhara are one of the two largest ethnolinguistic groups in Ethiopia (the other group being the Oromo).
		The Oromos'; Cultural clash with the Semitic Amhara Abyssinian...
	www.villacapodimonte.it /search/Amhara.htm (537 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Amhara in Ethiopia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Since the Amhara had long advocated an “indivisible” Greater Ethiopian empire, they were very sensitive about Eritrean nationalist movements and the possibility of further state disintegration.
		The Amhara represent approximately a quarter of Ethiopia’s population and are closer in demographics and culture to the dominant Tigreans than other ethnic groups in Ethiopia.
		The Amharas generally live in the northern highlands of Ethiopia like the Tigreans (REGIONAL = 0), are Ethiopian Orthodox Christian like the Tigreans (CULDIFX4 = 0), and Amharic remains Ethiopia’s official language (LANG = 1).
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=53007 (376 words)

	Ethiopian Herald- (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Bahir Dar - The Amhara people should remain active participants in development activities disregarding the propaganda of chauvinists who are striving to re-establish the former dictatorial regime, the Chief of the Amhara State government said.
		Addressing over 400 residents of the Bahir Dar town Sunday, Ayalew Gobeze said that the Amhara people were not beneficiaries of development and good governance during the previous dictatorial regimes that traded in their name.
		Ayalew said the Amhara people have become beneficiaries of road, education, and pure water services during the last ten years owing to the establishment of the incumbent state government.
	www.ethpress.gov.et /Herald/articleDetail.asp?articleid=24809 (782 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Amhara in Ethiopia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Approximately 50-60 percent of the voting-age population refused to participate in the elections.
		The reform dispossessed Amhara farmers suspected of being opponents of the present regime.
		The migration of Amhara farmers towards the Wollega region in Oromo State has sparked tensions between the Oromo and their Gumuz neighbors.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=53007 (5535 words)

	Ethiopia: Ethiopia's Peoples ~a HREF="/et_00_00.html#et_02_04"
		Affecting their adaptation was the degree of Amhara domination--in some areas Amhara were present in force, while in others they established a minimal administrative presence--and the extent of ethnic mixing.
		Speakers of East Cushitic languages are found in the highlands and lowlands of the center and south, and other Cushitic speakers in the center and north; Omotic speakers live in the south; and Nilo-Saharan speakers in the southwest and west along the border with Sudan.
		From the perspective of many Amhara in the core area of Gonder, Gojam, and western Welo, the Amhara of Shewa (who constituted the basic ruling group under Menelik II and Haile Selassie) are not true descendants of the northern Amhara and the Tigray and heirs to the ancient kingdom of Aksum.
	memory.loc.gov /frd/etsave/et_02_04.html (5506 words)

	The Amara region & its people
		Topographically, the Amhara Region is divided into highlands- the amazing Semen Mountains in the north and massive mountain ranges in the east and west, and lowlands- in the north western including the low lying Nile Basin.
		The economy of the Amhara Region, like the economy of the federal state, is dominated by agriculture.
		To add to this cultural and natural richness, the Amhara region is centrally positioned on Ethiopia’s 'route of Historic Monuments'.
	www.telecom.net.et /~ada/amhara.htm (806 words)

	Population Council Projects \| Berhane Hewan: Supporting Married and Unmarried Girls in Rural Ethiopia
		In the Amhara region of Ethiopia, rates of child marriage are among the highest in the world.
		Half of all girls in Amhara are married before their 15th birthday.
		Population Council researchers conducted a survey of more than 2,900 adolescent boys and girls in Amhara and Addis Ababa, where many girls flee when they are trying to avoid arranged marriages or to escape marriages that have already occurred.
	www.popcouncil.org /projects/TA_EthiopiaBerhane.html (468 words)

	"The Fox Outfoxing The Fox" Game Between Amhara and Tigrai Continues! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		I mean the Amhara and Tigrai are doomed to face the wrath of the rest of Ethiopia for the rest of Ethiopians are saying "enough is enough" and they are up in arms to reclaim their dignity and their pride.
		Up to 1991, the Amhara was the "hyena" that did all the hunting expeditions and Tigrai was the "fox" that went on scouting on weak and unsuspecting prey and picked up the leftovers and the spoils of the "hyena".
		If the Amhara are to come back to power in a lightening speed and if their ascension to power will be a smooth sailing without shedding blood on their part, then Eritrea is the one that is designated as the sacrificial lamb.
	www.dehai.org /demarcation-watch/articles/Michael_Fessehaye_fox_outfoxing_fox.html (4277 words)

	FDRE States-Basic Information, Amhara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Sate of Amhara is located in the north western and north central part of Ethiopia.
		Regarding ethnic composition, the majority of the population is Amhara, which is estimated to be 91.2%.
		The State of Amhara is divided mainly by three river basins, namely the Abbay, Tekezze and Awash drainage basins.
	www.ethiopar.net /English/basinfo/infoamra.htm (935 words)

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