Amhara (ethnicity)

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	Amhara Region - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During Ethiopia's Imperial era, Amhara was a province ruled by a native Ras or Negus.
		Amhara (አማራ) is one of the nine ethnic divisions (kililoch) of Ethiopia, containing the homeland of the Amhara people.
		Previously known as Region 3, its capital is Bahir Dar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amhara_Region (83 words)

	Ethiopia: Ethiopia's Peoples ~a HREF="/et_00_00.html#et_02_04"
		From the perspective of many Amhara in the core area of Gonder, Gojam, and western Welo, the Amhara of Shewa (who constituted the basic ruling group under Menelik II and Haile Selassie) are not true descendants of the northern Amhara and the Tigray and heirs to the ancient kingdom of Aksum.
		Shewan Amharic speakers are on the southern periphery of the territory occupied by the Amhara.
		Amhara from one area view those from other areas as different, and there is a long history of conflicts among Amhara nobles aspiring to be kings or kingmakers.
	memory.loc.gov /frd/etsave/et_02_04.html (5506 words)

	Amhara People Profile
		Amhara have not been as prominent since the revolution led by the Tigray and Oromo people, but they remain involved because of their previous political expertise.
		For the Amhara people, the average life expectancy is around 46, compared to 75 years in the U.S.A. For the Amhara people, there is one doctor per 28,000 patients and one nurse per 8,393 patients.
		The Amhara were responsible for slowing and holding the expanding Muslims as Arab pressures and influences spread Islam to Cushite and Semitic people in the Horn of Africa.
	orvillejenkins.com /profiles/amhara.html (1933 words)

	Amhara
		Amhara is the ethnicity of people in the central highlands of Ethiopia, numbering about 15 million, 27% of the country's population.
		Amhara is also one of the nine ethnic divisions (kililoch) of Ethiopia, containing the homeland of the Amhara people.
		The Amhara are known for their beauty, as exemplified by the supermodel Liya Kebede.
	www.33beat.com /Amhara.html (138 words)

	INCORE: Ethnic Studies Network: Index
		Ethnicity continues to play a significant role in various spheres of life in African states, manly in politics; however, during the past decade that role, as is in other parts of the world, has increased.
		A specific problem related to the ethnicity is the struggle for self-determination which is expressed in strive for secession and/or creation of autonomies.
		The ethnicity is seen in different spheres of life, viz.
	lugh.incore.ulst.ac.uk /home/esn/ismagilova.html (5122 words)

	Ethnicity and Tribalism in Addis Ababa
		The Amhara are the second largest ethnic group at 30% and an additional 20% of the population speaks their native tongue, Amharic (Ethiopia: A Country Study xvi).
		Amharas are the dominant ethnic group in Addis Ababa at 50% (Horvath 323).
		By 1900, thousands of Menelik's Amhara flocked to Addis Ababa from the north to take advantage of the economic opportunities in the construction of a new capital.
	www.macalester.edu /courses/geog61/kshively/ethnicity.html (745 words)

	Books Reviewed in The Sidama Concern
		In a way, 'ethnicity' appears to be synonymous with the assumed virtues that the old schools of African liberation associated with the collectivity of village life, 'African socialism', 'African democracy', 'national liberation' or the vitality of the 'rural masses'.
		Politicised ethnicity, hence 'ethnic nationalism', is a useful instrument in African politics (and elsewhere).
		The catch-all-term 'ethnicity' veils the complexity of the religious, legal, political and economic agencies and institutions that upheld such a moral code'.
	www.sidamaconcern.com /books/book_reviews2.html (1557 words)

	multi0page.txt
		Of these the Amhara, the Gurage, the Oromo and the Tigrawai are the largest, and have a combined share of more than 75 percent of the current total population of some 60 million.4 A look at the distribution of my sample of businesses suggests that there are large disparities in business ownership between ethnic groups.
		The Effects of Ethnicity and Education on Start-up Size The effect of an entrepreneurial characteristic on current business size is a combination of the characteristic's influence on start-up size and its effect on subsequent growth.
		Once again dropping the same education variables reduces ethnicity effects while the effect of education itself is robust to the inclusion or otherwise of ethnicity dummies in the growth rate equation.
	www-wds.worldbank.org /servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2001/03/01/000094946_0102140558046/Rendered/INDEX/multi0page.txt (7013 words)

	Ethnicity
		We need to salvage the positive merits of ethnicity, and avoid the strong temptation of divesting individuals and groups of the psychological and historically necessary need of investing in ethnicity, as a way of defending the differences that mean so much to those who believe in them.
		As children of time, space and geography, in the course of living their lives they develop ethnicity, which is an aspect of cultural diversity.
		Ethnicity in this sense is extrapolated from the ethnos that history and geography saddle our fragile existence.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2002/08/30-08-02/Ethnicity.htm (1670 words)

	A Perspective On
		Ethnicity in the Horn of Africa is something that is manufactured by politicians and rebels simply to capture or monopolize political power.
		The argument of the political architects of ethnicity in Ethiopia is that such a framework of "ethnic federalism" will solve the so-called nationalities parroted by young revolutionaries of the late 1960s and 1970s, but the problem of Ethiopia has never been ethnicity.
		The capture of ethnicity and religion by politicians and elites is leading many developing countries to a new form of ethnic and religious conflict and extremism today.
	www.geocities.com /akababi/famine.html (4667 words)

	Amhara - Unipedia
		Amhara, an administrative region of modern Ethiopia; during the Imperial era, an Abyssinian province ruled by a native Ras or Negus.
		Amhara land tenure;: The dynamics of cognatic descent in Ethiopia
		Land Tenure Among the Amhara of Ethiopia: The Dynamics of Cognatic Descent (Monographs in Ethiopian land tenure)
	www.unipedia.info /Amhara.html (209 words)

	ILW.COM - SHOAFERA V INS
		I Shoafera, a thirty-one-year-old citizen of Ethiopia, is of Amharic ethnicity.
		The result of the majority's holding would be that any alien who has been raped by some- one of a different ethnicity could testify in a deportation pro- ceeding that she was raped because of her ethnicity and, without stating more, successfully rest her case.
		III We conclude that Shoafera suffered past persecution on account of ethnicity, thus triggering a regulatory presumption that she is eligible for asylum.
	www.ilw.com /lawyers/immigdaily/cases/2000,1212-Shoafera.shtm (4554 words)

	ILW.COM - Woldmeskel v. INS
		Woldemeskel claims the leaders of the TGE targeted Ethiopians of Amhara ethnicity, asserting that she and her husband were fired as a result of their Amhara heritage.
		Because her husband led a group protesting the firing of Amharas, he was allegedly arrested by the TGE in 1992.
		In 1991, Ethiopia experienced a change in government with the election of the TGE, a group dominated by leaders of Tigrean ethnicity who belonged to the Ethiopian (1) In 1996, 8 U.S.C. 1105a was repealed by section 306(b) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA), Pub.
	www.ilw.com /immigdaily/cases/2001,0727-Woldemeskel.shtm (3430 words)

	SSRR No. 25
		According to Eriksen (1994, 39), "Ethnicity is an aspect of social relationship between agents who consider themselves as culturally distinctive from members of other groups with whom they have a minimum of regular interaction...
		In spite of attempts at assimilations and eventually at integrations among the different ethnic groups in Metekkel, there were ethnic frictions and conflicts between the relatively organized highland communities (the Amhara, the Agew, the Oromo and the Shinasha) on the one hand, and the Negroid populations mainly the Gumuz on the other.
		This escalated conflicts between the Amhara, Agew, Oromo and Shinasha on the one hand and the Gumuz on the other (informants: Niqus, Mange, Ayyana, Mekuriaw, Assefa, Gayo, Adam Warkineh and Haile).
	www.ossrea.net /ssrr/no25/no25-02.htm (9706 words)

	Marxism-Leninism and Ethnicity as the Two Stages of Ethiopian Elitism – Part II
		The notion of ethnicity is thus responsible for illusory conceptions of unity that loses sight of the social, economic, and ideological diversity within the ethnic group.
		The use of ethnicity to break up the state confuses what is essentially a problem of democratization with the emergence of a new ethnic state whose democratization is yet to come.
		The rivalry between Amhara and Tigrean elites and the injustice of the land ownership in the south respectively paved the way for the ethnicization of Tigrean and Oromo intellectuals.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2001/10/26-10-01/Marxism.htm (2589 words)

	ethiopundit: Don't Believe The Hype
		The words of Wallelign Mekonen (an Amhara from Wollo region)in 1969 reflect the feelings of many of the era's educated youths "Ethiopia was not a nation, but a collection of nationalities ruled by the Amharas.
		The generation ethnicized politics on the grounds that the main problem is to bring down the Amhara domination, which it perceived as the sole culprit for all of Ethiopia's ills.
		The paradox is that the overthrow of Amhara domination took the roundabout way of a commitment to a radical ideology.
	ethiopundit.blogspot.com /2005/02/dont-believe-hype.html (2650 words)

	CHAPTER XI
		century, the Amhara remained the leading political power and the main force in state-building in Ethiopia; and as empire-builders, their ethnopolitical consciousness, or self-identity, was closely associated with the name of the state (politonym), first with the Abyssinian state (hence Abyssinians), and later with the Ethiopian empire (hence Ethiopians).
		The problem of defining the Amhara as a distinct ethnic group is one of the most complicated tasks, and therefore, it is necessary to study it in some detail.
		The second largest ethnic group in Ethiopia is the Amhara (almost 100 percent of them inhabit Ethiopia—mainly in three provinces—Begemdir, Gojjam and parts of Shoa, and now in one of the nine ethno-regional states, Amhara).
	www.crvp.org /book/Series04/IVA-13/chapter_xi.htm (6134 words)

	The Ethiopian Election of 2005: A Bombshell & Turning Point?
		Many supporters and apologists of the old order deny that Amhara ethnicity was a major political factor in the past.
		For instances, former Amhara regimes deprived Oromos, who are the largest language group in the country, of the right to express themselves in their mother tongue in public spaces.
		This approach deems ethnicity as the over-ridding form of identity among the population that can not be ignored in public affairs.
	www.dekialula.com /articles/a_samatar_sept_12_2005.html (3628 words)

	DrTATaddesse_26.asp
		As junior partners to the age-old Amhara conspiracy, Meles and his cronies are actively frustrating and derailing the true hopes and aspirations of the conquered peoples of Tigray, Ogaden Somalis, Sidama and Oromia.
		It is apparent, the Ethiopian chauvinists, predominantly represented by Amhara Neftegnas (warlords) and their junior partners who have sold their souls for power, do not entertain the idea of a realigned Horn of Africa region.
		Unfortunately for Ethiopia, the whole nation is under the full control of the Amhara chauvinists and their TPLF hired guns; the other nationalities find themselves at the periphery of the Ethiopian body-politic..
	news.asmarino.com /Comments/November2003/DrTATaddesse_26.asp (2505 words)

	A response to Ato Hailu Shawel
		Three quarters an Oromo, and one quarter an Amhara, he is the ultimate new Ethiopian species that we could safely term as the Addis Ababan.
		Look no further than the plight of the Amharas in 1991, who perished in tens of thousands in Arusi and Harrerge because of the stereotypes held by their neighbors.
		Unfortunately, their enthusiasm for serious intellectual work on the issue of ethnicity in Ethiopia is less forthcoming.
	www.ethiomedia.com /release/response_to_hailu_shawel.html (1180 words)

	Identity Jilted or Re-imagining Identity: The Divergent Paths of Eritrean and Tigrean Nationalist Struggles?
		The analysis in the book about ethnicity and nationalism (or ethno-regional nationalism as the author refers to) is broadly based on primordialist and instrumentalist views.
		The author laments that ‘the political power of the Amhara was accompanied by their cultural hegemony.
		The enlarged empire state brought into existence at the turn of the century was dominated by a minority ethnic group, the Amhara.
	www.sidamaconcern.com /hameso/identity_jilted_pdf.htm (771 words)

	Married as Children, Women With Obstetric Fistulas Have No Future
		The 2000 Demographic and Health Survey for Ethiopia shows that, among women from Amhara who were 20 to 49 years old at the time of the survey, the median age at marriage was 14.5 years — the lowest regional median age in the country.
		The Bahir Dar center in Amhara region, whose building was donated by a private individual, is to open soon, and the Mekele center in Tigray region, funded by AusAid, will open by the end of the year.
		Hospital records indicate that most patients come from the Amhara region, which — according to a survey by the National Committee on Traditional Practices of Ethiopia&; has the highest number of early marriages in the country.
	www.prb.org /Template.cfm?Section=PRB&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=10107 (1626 words)

	Ethnicity TutorGig.co.uk - The Tutorial Website
		Hindu (ethnicity), Amhara (ethnicity), Scottish ethnicity, Ethnicity and football, List of Canadians by ethnicity (More...
		Austria on parade: staging ethnicity in the 1908 imperial jubilee: noon colloquium: sabrina rahman
		A dialogue on race and ethnicity at davies memorial uu church in prince george's co., md
	www.tutorgig.co.uk /searchtgig.jsp?keywords=Ethnicity (526 words)

	DEHAI NEWS MAILING LIST ARCHIVE: [dehai-news] The Reporter: "The whole election had completely redefined the political landscape in Ethiopia"
		Well, I am not saying that the Amhara peasants are supporting the All Ethiopia Unity Orgainzaiton, which is the member of the CUD, because of 'Amhara-ness' or because of 'Amhara ethnicity,' but because of particular developments which took place in that region.
		On the one hand, you have the EPRDF which ethnicized the politics or politicized ethnicity, which, in fact, preferred controlled democracy, which has an ideology of revolutionary democracy with a leftist tendency and which has been ruling this country but without registering important achievements in terms of the economy and other social problems.
		It is not ethnicity that gave some support to the CUD in these areas.
	www.dehai.org /archives/dehai_news_archive/apr-may05/0884.html (2672 words)

	Aleme Eshete
		Indeed, Amhara is a linguistic and cultural phenomenon.
		Certainly, Ethnic fusion is not limited to the "Amhara".
		based on ethnicity and ethnic consciousness appears to fit the
	ethiopianreview.homestead.com /Article_AlemeEshete_Mar93.html (1158 words)

	Ethiopian Review December
		The Amhara account for 28 percent of the
		Amhara children died more often than expected compared to
		For example, Gojjam which is populated by 87 percent Amhara
	ethiopianreview.homestead.com /Article_AbateMammoDec92.html (1129 words)

	USCA1 Opinion 00-1610
		Petitioner Senait Fesseha is an Ethiopian citizen who applied for asylum due to past political persecution, as well as a fear of future persecution based on her ethnicity as an Amhara.
		As to her amended claim based on ethnic persecution against Amharas under the post-1991 regime, neither the IJ nor the BIA separately analyzed the evidence, possibly because Fesseha did not clearly distinguish this as a separate claim.
		(Nor did Fesseha attempt to buttress such a claim when she moved to reopen.) Nevertheless, both the IJ and the BIA found Fesseha had failed to meet her burden on grounds of race, nationality and membership in a particular social group, thus rejecting her claim based on Amhara status.
	www.ca1.uscourts.gov /cgi-bin/getopn.pl?OPINION=00-1610.01A (2474 words)

	"HAILE": A DISCUSSION OF GRIEF IN ETHIOPIA
		Ethnicity: Oromo 40%, Amhara/Tigrean 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 3%, Gurage 2%
		About 35% of population Ethiopian Orthodox; Orthodoxy identified mainly with Amhara and Tigray peoples but accepted by other groups as well.
		"Haile" is a 40 year old, middle class, U.S. university administrator, who left his native Ethiopia at 20 years of age to pursue academics in the U.S. He is of the Amhara ethnic group, which "Haile" describes as a Christian culture.
	www.indiana.edu /~famlygrf/culture/bladen.html (1386 words)

	AbelBerhe_9.asp
		In fact, a truly unified and vibrant country is one that is multicultural, because its nationalism transcends ethnicity, religion or language.
	news.asmarino.com /Comments/May2003/AbelBerhe_9.asp (426 words)

	tecolahagos.com - ethiopian related issues and commentary
		I am not a Shoa Amhara, not even an Amhara by ethnicity.
		Your ability to perceive social processes in any meaningful depth and to formulate visions that are grounded in humanistic values is seriously constrained by the primary frame of reference from which you seem to draw your ethics and politics, namely ethnicity.
		And you really want us to hold Shoa Amharas (that is how you label the people whom TPLF brought together to fake Amhara ethnic representation) responsible for Meles' victory over the Dissenters today?
	www.tecolahagos.com /letters_from_bookreview.htm (1597 words)

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In the News (Sun 27 May 12)