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Topic: Amino group

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Amine

Amino acid

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	Amino Acid supplement : : by Ray Sahelian, M.D. essential amino acids supplement 20 amino acids
		Amino acid definition -- An amino acid is any of a group of organic molecules that consists of a basic amino group (-NH2), an acidic carboxyl group (-COOH), and an organic R group (or side chain), which is unique to each amino acid.
		A small group of amino acids comprised of isoleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and tyrosine give rise to both glucose and fatty acid precursors and are thus characterized as being glucogenic and ketogenic.
		The precise amino acid content, and the sequence of those amino acids, of a specific protein, is determined by the sequence of the bases in the gene that encodes that protein.
	www.raysahelian.com /aminoacid.html (2960 words)

	Amino group-containing silicate composition and dehydrating agent containing it - Patent 5210246
		An amino group-containing silicate composition obtained by reacting a silicate oligomer obtained by hydrolyzing, dehydrating and polycondensing a tetraalkoxysilane at a degree of hydrolysis within a range of from 0 to 65%, with an amino alcohol having one or two hydroxyl groups.
		The amino alcohol used in the present invention is an amino alcohol having at least one primary, secondary or tertiary nitrogen atom and one or two hydroxyl groups, and it may be gas or liquid.
		In a case where the amino group-containing silicate composition of the present invention is to be used for a urethane resin, the amino group-containing silicate composition is used as a dehydrating agent for the polyol component.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5210246.html (3875 words)

	Amino Acids: Biochemistry: UMDNJ
		The characteristics of the monomers, the amino acids, are important with respect to the functions of the polymers, the proteins.
		Certain functional groups at C (2) of an aminoacyl group undergo enzymatic covalent modification for the purpose of altering the behavior of the protein.
		Amino acids in green are considered to be hydrophilic because they have electronegative groups on the side chain except tyrosine which because of the phenyl ring side chain is also hydrophobic in character.
	www.umdnj.edu /biochweb/education/bioweb/AminoAcids.html (728 words)

	amino acids
		The manufacture of amino acids represents one of the earliest stages in prebiotic molecular evolution and one of the easiest to accomplish in the laboratory.
		Although a good deal of amino acid synthesis must have taken place in situ on the young Earth, evidence is growing that a contribution came from "seeding" as a result of cometary and asteroidal collisions.
		Extraterrestrial fruits, for example, containing amino acids of a different type or handedness to those found in our own bodies would either be indigestible or poisonous, a fact often overlooked in the Star Trek universe, where crew-members habitually sample the culinary delights of alien worlds without first checking their biomolecular credentials.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/A/amino.html (784 words)

	Biochemistry of Amino Acids
		The hydrophobic amino acids tend to repel the aqueous environment and, therefore, reside predominantly in the interior of proteins.
		The hydrophilic amino acids tend to interact with the aqeuous environment, are often involved in the formation of H-bonds and are predominantly found on the exterior surfaces proteins or in the reactive centers of enzymes.
		Conversely, the hydrophilic amino acids are generally found on the exterior of proteins as well as in the active centers of enzymatically active proteins.
	www.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/amino-acids.html (985 words)

	Botany online: Basic Metabolism - Biosyntheses - Amino Acids
		the family of aromatic amino acids (phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate, an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway).
		The amino group of an amino acid (glutamate) is transferred to an alpha-ketoacid (alpha-ketoglutarate).
		Both intermediates belong to the group of amino acids that is common in cells but is not used in the synthesis of proteins.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/e19/19e.htm (1330 words)

	Amino Acids
		Amino acids are the structural elements from which proteins are built.
		When amino acids bond to each other, it is done in the form of an amide, making a connection which is called a peptide linkage.
		The joining of amino acids in the process of making biochemical molecules like proteins is done by bonds which are referred to as peptide bonds.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/organic/amino.html (360 words)

	Molecular Expressions: The Amino Acid Collection
		Amino acids are very small biomolecules with an average molecular weight of about 135 daltons.
		The entire class of amino acids has a common backbone of an organic carboxylic acid group and an amino group attached to a saturated carbon atom.
		The simplest member of this group is glycine, where the saturated carbon atom is unsubstituted, rendering it optically inactive.
	www.microscopy.fsu.edu /aminoacids/index.html (743 words)

	Amino Acids
		Since the amino group in proline is involved in two carbon-nitrogen bonds, it is a secondary amino group.
		For all of the amino acids except glycine, the alpha carbon atom is a stereogenic carbon atom (four different groups attached).
		This is an amide linkage which joins the ammonium group of one amino acid to the carboxylate group of another by a new covalent bond.
	chemistry2.csudh.edu /rpendarvis/aminoacids.html (1917 words)

	BC Online: 2A - Amino Acids
		Amino acids form polymers through a nucleophilic attack by the amino group of an amino acid at the electrophilic carbonyl carbon of the carboxyl group of another amino acid.
		The amino acids are all chiral, with the exception of glycine, whose side chain is H. As with lipids, biochemists use the L and D nomenclature.
		However, the amino group of the N -terminal amino acid and the carboxyl group of the C-terminal amino acid of a protein may be charged.
	employees.csbsju.edu /hjakubowski/classes/ch331/protstructure/olprotein-aminoacid.html (3113 words)

	The Amino Acids
		The chemistry of amino acids is complicated by the fact that the -NH group is a base and the -CO group is an acid.
		Amino acids with polar R groups that form hydrogen bonds to water are classified as hydrophilic (water-loving).
		At this pH, all of the carboxylic acid groups are present as -CO ions and the total population of the -NH groups is equal to one.
	chemed.chem.purdue.edu /genchem/topicreview/bp/1biochem/amino2.html (1642 words)

	Biology 403: Amino Acids and Peptides
		The simplest R consists of a hydrogen atom: in that instance, the amino acid is glycine.
		It is not an amino acid at all: it is an imino acid, because the amine group is covalently bonded through three methylene groups to the alpha carbon.
		The amide nitrogens and carbonyl groups are fully engaged in peptide bonds in all the amino acids between the second and next-to-last amino acids in a protein and therefore cannot participate in reactions without rupturing the polypeptide chain.
	www.csrri.iit.edu /~howard/biol403/aminoacids.html (1857 words)

	AllRefer.com - amino group (Organic Chemistry) - Encyclopedia
		amino group, in chemistry, functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom attached by single bonds to hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, aryl groups, or a combination of these three.
		Amines are derivatives of the inorganic compound ammonia, NH When one, two, or all three of the hydrogens in ammonia are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, the resulting compound is known as a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine, respectively.
		Like ammonia, the amines are weak bases because the unshared electron pair of the nitrogen atom can form a coordinate bond with a proton (see chemical bond).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/aminogro.html (401 words)

	Amino Acids
		Amino acids comprise protein (or protein is comprised of amino acids).
		Amino acids are organic compounds with at least one amino group and one carboxl group.
		Amino acids are necessary for growth and cellular replication throughout the body.
	www.csmngt.com /amino_acids.htm (1106 words)

	Amino Acid Metabolism
		A small group of amino acids comprised of isoleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and tyrosine give rise to both glucose and fatty acid precursors and are thus characterized as being glucogenic and ketogenic.
		The importance of glutamate as a common intracellular amino donor for transamination reactions and of aspartate as a precursor of ornithine for the urea cycle is described in the Nitrogen Metabolism page.
		The amino group transported from the muscle to the liver in the form of alanine is converted to urea in the urea cycle and excreted.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/amino-acid-metabolism.html (3903 words)

	Amino Acids
		Amino acids have special common names, however, a three letter abbreviation for the name is used most of the time.
		Normally, an amino acid produces a nearly neutral solution since the acid group and the basic amine group on the root amino acid neutralize each other in the zwitterion.
		Since an amino acid has both an amine and acid group which have been neutralized in the zwitterion, the amino acid is neutral unless there is an extra acid or base on the side chain.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/vchembook/561aminostructure.html (669 words)

	Reactions
		When amino acids form amide bonds from both ends of the amino acid molecule, the resulting larger molecules are called peptides or polypeptides.
		This results in the C in the carboxylic group and the N in the amino group bonding to one another to form the amide bond (or peptide bond or peptide linkage as it is generally called, when amino acids are joined).
		If those groups were to bond to other amino acids in the same way, we would get an even larger molecule which would still have an amino group on the left end and a carboxylic acid group on the right end.
	dl.clackamas.cc.or.us /ch106-05/reaction2.htm (586 words)

	Chem4Kids.com: Biochemistry: Amino Acids
		Amino acids are used in every cell of your body and are used to build the proteins you need to survive.
		Amino means there is an NH group bonded to the carbon atom.
		Amino acids bond together to make long chains and those long chains of amino acids are also called proteins.
	www.chem4kids.com /files/bio_aminoacid.html (393 words)

	SparkNotes: Amino Acids and Proteins: Terms
		It is complementary to one of the DNA strands and forms the proteins that are specified by the cell.
		Zwitterions - Amino acids in a form of neutrality where the carboxyl group and amino group are ready to donate and accept protons, respectively.
		Transamination - The synthesis of amino acids in the liver.
	www.sparknotes.com /health/aminoacids/terms.html (808 words)

	an introduction to amino acids
		Amino acids are generally soluble in water and insoluble in non-polar organic solvents such as hydrocarbons.
		In water, the ionic attractions between the ions in the solid amino acid are replaced by strong attractions between polar water molecules and the zwitterions.
		The lack of solubility in non-polar organic solvents such as hydrocarbons is because of the lack of attraction between the solvent molecules and the zwitterions.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /organicprops/aminoacids/background.html (970 words)

	Amino Acid Structures
		Amino acids are organic compounds which contain both an amino group and a carboxyl group.
		They are distinguished by the attached functional group R. Of the twenty amino acids that make up proteins, six of them have hydrocarbon R-groups.
		They are distinguished by the attached functional group R. Of the twenty amino acids that make up proteins, six of them have acid or base R-groups.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/organic/aminostruct.html (226 words)

	Amino Acids
		The only ionized groups in the finished protein will be the terminal amino and carboxyl groups and also any R groups that happen to contain acidic or basic groups.
		Removal of this charged group from the aqueous phase requires a large expenditure of energy and thus charged amino acids are found almost exclusively at the surface of proteins.
		This is not the case for asparagine and this amino acid is inserted as such during protein synthesis.
	class.fst.ohio-state.edu /FST605/lectures/Lect9.html (2018 words)

	Amino Acid Synthesis
		Nonessential amino acids are those that are synthesized by mammals, while the essential amino acids must be obtained from dietary sources.
		Aspartate is transaminated to asparagine in an ATP-dependent reaction catalyzed by asparagine synthetase, and glutamine is the amino group donor:
		Glutamate-5-semialdehyde is transaminated to ornithine and glutamate is the amino group donor.
	www.rpi.edu /dept/bcbp/molbiochem/BiochSci/sbello/new_page_2.htm (2364 words)

	Carnosine : by Ray Sahelian, M.D., carnosine information, carnosine benefits carnosine side effects
		Acetylation of histidine's alpha-amino group or methylation of its imidazolium group abolished anti-crosslinking activity.
		We propose that the imidazolium group of histidine or carnosine may stabilize adducts formed at the primary amino group.
		One group of rabbits was injected iv with DOX at a dose of 2 mg kg(-1) weekly for 7 weeks to induce congestive heart failure.
	www.raysahelian.com /carnosine.html (2804 words)

	Understanding of the Structure of an Amino Group
		To have students apply the properties of amino and carboxyl groups to the formation of an amino acid zwitterion.
		Define the amino group and primary amine, secondary amine and tertiary amine.
		Develop the possibility of interaction between the amino group and carboxyl group on the same molecule, i.e., the formation of a zwitterion.
	www.scienceteacherprogram.org /chemistry/Englehart99.html (289 words)

	amino group - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		Amino Selected by ADC For First IPTV Service in Thailand; Amino Partners with Siemens in Thailand.
		Amino Technologies Plc: Acquisition of SJ Consulting for GBP 1.3M.
		Amino and Espial partner to provide an innovative IPTV set-top box solution for Allin Interactive's newest ITV system.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/a1/aminogro.asp (679 words)

	Amino Acids Information on Healthline
		All amino acids are attached to a central carbon atom (C).
		Each amino acid is linked to the next by a peptide bond, the name given to the link or attraction between the acid (COOH) end of one amino acid and the amino end (NH) of another.
		A dipeptide is two amino acids joined by a peptide bond, while a tripeptide is three amino acids joined by peptide bonds.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/amino-acids (721 words)

	Molecular Expressions: The Amino Acid Collection (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Histidine - Amino acid responsible for histamine biosynthesis.
		Lysine - An essential amino acid with a positive charge.
		Threonine - Amino acid alcohol involved in porphyrin metabolism.
	molecular.magnet.fsu.edu /aminoacids/index.html (701 words)

	amino group. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		in chemistry, functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom attached by single bonds to hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, aryl groups, or a combination of these three.
		Amines are derivatives of the inorganic compound ammonia, NH When one, two, or all three of the hydrogens in ammonia are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, the resulting compound is known as a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine, respectively.
		Like ammonia, the amines are weak bases because the unshared electron pair of the nitrogen atom can form a coordinate bond with a proton (see chemical bond).
	www.bartleby.com /65/am/aminogro.html (343 words)

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