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Topic: Amniotic fluid

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	High-Risk Pregnancy - Amniotic Fluid Problems / Hydramnios /Oligohydramnios (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This watery fluid is inside a casing called the amniotic membrane (or sac) and fluid surrounds the fetus throughout pregnancy.
		When the amniotic sac ruptures, large amounts of fluid leaving the uterus may increase the risk of placental abruption (early detachment of the placenta) or umbilical cord prolapse (when the cord falls down through the cervical opening) where it may be compressed.
		Amniotic fluid is important in the development of fetal organs, especially the lungs.
	www.southeastmissourihospital.com /health/peds/hrpregnant/amniofp.htm (807 words)

	Amniotic Fluid \| Pregnancy Weekly
		Amniotic fluid is a colorless liquid made of water, fetal skin cells, and fetal waste, and is contained within the amniotic sac or "bag of waters" that surrounds your baby.
		An excessive amount of amniotic fluid is called polyhydramnios, and is often associated with a multiple pregnancy (twins or triplets), congenital anomalies, or gestational diabetes.
		An abnormally small amount of amniotic fluid is known as oligohydramnios, and may the result of a postdate pregnancy, ruptured membranes, placental dysfunction, or fetal abnormalities.
	www.pregnancyweekly.com /pregnancy_information/amniotic_fluid.htm (480 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Amniotic fluid
		Amniotic fluid is a clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the unborn baby (fetus) during pregnancy.
		During pregnancy the amniotic fluid increases in volume as the fetus grows.
		Amniotic fluid volume is greatest at approximately 34 weeks of gestation, when it averages 800 ml.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/002220.htm (374 words)

	Amniotic Fluid
		AFP is present in amniotic fluid which is composed primarily of fetal urine.
		Amniotic fluid AFP (AFAFP) may be elevated in open fetal body wall defects, most commonly open neural tube defects (NTD) and open ventral wall defects, due to transudation from exposed fetal vessels and tissue.
		Amniotic fluid is examined for the presence of acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase by using slab gel electrophoresis.
	www.ggc.org /Diagnostics/Prenatal/amniotic_fluid.htm (650 words)

	Amniotic Fluid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		By the beginning of the second trimester there are 50 cc of fluid in the amniotic sac, and this fluid isn't much different from the baby's plasma, indicating an origin from secretions through the umbilical cord, membrane coverings of the placenta, and even the baby's skin.
		The turnover of fluid is fairly rapid, with a build up from urine and a reabsorption from fetal swallowing being important dynamics in the amniotic fluid picture from hour to hour.
		When there's little fluid, like in congenital abnormality of the bladder or missing kidneys, the trachea and other respiratory structures don't mature, indicating that the pressure and nature of the fluid bathing these structures is important in their growth.
	www.gynob.com /amniotic.htm (543 words)

	* Amniotic fluid - (Pregnancy & Parenting): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Amniotic fluid is a colorless liquid that surrounds and protects the baby inside the amniotic sac within the uterus.
		Amniotic sac: The bag in which the fetus and amniotic fluid are contained during pregnancy.
		Amniocentesis: the removal of a sample of amniotic fluid by means of a needle inserted through the mother's abdominal wall; used for genetic and biochemical analysis of the baby.
	www.en.mimi.hu /pregnancy/amniotic_fluid.html (1903 words)

	Medical References: Amniotic Fluid Abnormalities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		By the second trimester, the baby is able to breathe the fluid into his lungs and to swallow it, promoting normal growth and development of the lungs and gastrointestinal system.
		Amniotic fluid also allows the baby to move around, which aids in normal development of muscle and bone.
		Her provider also may recommend amniocentesis (a small amount of amniotic fluid is removed through a needle inserted into the mother’s abdomen to test for certain birth defects) and a blood test for diabetes.
	www.marchofdimes.com /professionals/681_4536.asp (1863 words)

	Amniotic sac - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The amniotic sac is a tough but thin transparent pair of membranes, which hold a developing embryo (and later fetus) until shortly before birth.
		Amniotic fluid is the watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion.
		Amniotic fluid is primarily produced by the mother until 16 weeks of gestation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amniotic_fluid (816 words)

	Lancaster General Hospital - Amniotic Fluid Problems / Hydramnios /Oligohydramn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Too much or too little amniotic fluid is associated with abnormalities in development and pregnancy complications.
		Generally, either too much fluid is being produced or there is a problem with the fluid being taken up, or both.
		Too much amniotic fluid can cause the mother's uterus to become overdistended and may lead to preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes (the amniotic sac).
	www.lancastergeneral.com /content/greystone_22602.asp (820 words)

	Amniotic Fluid Leakage
		Amniotic Fluid is a protective liquid which fills in the sac surrounding the fetus.
		The fluid is comprised mostly of water and is colorless.
		On the other hand, many pregnant women do not react to initial amniotic fluid leakage, as they are sure the wetness they sense is from urine incontinence or vaginal discharge, and endanger themselves and their child to be born.
	www.cs-commonsense.com /Index.asp?CategoryID=93 (266 words)

	eMedicine - Amniotic Fluid Embolism : Article by Lisa E Moore, MD
		Amniotic fluid and fetal cells enter the maternal circulation, possibly triggering an anaphylactic reaction to fetal antigens.
		Amniotic fluid and debris enter the maternal circulation; this may trigger a massive anaphylactic reaction, activation of the complement cascade, or both.
		Amniotic fluid debris was found in 7 out of 7 of the meconium-stained group, 2 out of 8 of the fresh fluid group, and 1 out of 14 of the filtered group.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic122.htm (2928 words)

	Amniotic Fluid/Bag of Water
		Amniotic fluid is a clear odorless liquid, which surrounds and protects the baby in the uterus and provides a protective barrier from the outside environment.
		The amniotic fluid, or bag of waters, surrounds and protects the baby in the uterus and provides a protective barrier from the outside environment.
		If the amniotic fluid is green, brownish-yellow, or anything other than clear in color, notify your physician or midwife and come to the hospital as soon as possible.
	babies.sutterhealth.org /laboranddelivery/ld_am-flu.html (419 words)

	Baby Connection -- Low amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		According to the March of Dimes, about 8 percent of pregnant women are found to have low amniotic fluid at some point, usually in their third trimester.
		She may also be on the lookout for it if you've previously had a baby whose growth was restricted; if you have chronic high blood pressure, preeclampsia, diabetes, or lupus: or if you're past your due date.
		If you're found to have low amniotic fluid in your first or second trimester, it may mean that your baby has a birth defect.
	www.babyconnection.com /pregnancy/prenatphys/1199460 (1062 words)

	High Amniotic Fluid Levels ; Polyhydramnios : American Pregnancy Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The amniotic fluid is part of the baby’s life support system.
		Amniotic fluid is produced soon after the amniotic sac forms about 12 days after conception.
		Normal fluid levels may vary, but are usually considered an AFI of 5-25 centimeters or a fluid level of about 800-1000 mL.
	www.americanpregnancy.org /labornbirth/highamnioticfluidpolyhydramnios.htm (762 words)

	The Purpose of Amniotic Fluid and Amniotic Sac
		The Purpose of Amniotic Fluid and Amniotic Sac
		The amniotic fluid is the clear, slightly yellowed in color fluid that surrounds the baby in the uterus in what is called an amniotic sac.
		Amniotic fluid levels generally sit at approximately 800ml through most of the pregnancy, dropping slightly in most cases to about 600ml by the time a woman reaches the 40 week mark.
	www.babiesonline.com /articles/pregnancy/amnioticfluid.asp (653 words)

	Low amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios)
		Early in the second trimester, your baby starts to swallow the fluid, pass it through his kidneys, and excrete it as urine, which he then swallows again, recycling the full volume of amniotic fluid every few hours.
		According to the March of Dimes, about 8 percent of pregnant women are found to have low levels of amniotic fluid at some point, usually in their third trimester.
		If you're found to have low levels of amniotic fluid in your first or second trimester, it may mean that your baby has a birth defect.
	www.babycenter.com /refcap/pregnancy/pregcomplications/1199460.html (1371 words)

	Amniotic Fluid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The amniotic fluid has a number of important functions: it keeps the fetus at an even temperature, cushions against possible injury and provides a medium in which it can move easily.
		Decreased amniotic fluid is defined by an AFI less than or equal to 5 cm and increased amniotic fluid is an AFI greater than or equal to 24 cm.
		Researchers hypothesize that the baby's inability to drink amniotic fluid; fluid trapped in the fetal body; conditions such as anencephalus, spina bifida, and enlarged placenta; and twinning may contribute significantly to hydramnios.
	www.birthsource.com /scripts/article.asp?articleid=40 (933 words)

	Complications: Oligohydramnios: Too Little Amniotic Fluid
		The most important known cause of oligohydramnios early in pregnancy is birth defects in the baby (often involving the kidneys or other parts of the urinary tract) and ruptured membranes.
		In the first half of pregnancy, too little amniotic fluid is associated with birth defects of the lungs and limbs and increases the risk of miscarriage, preterm birth and stillbirth.
		Your health care provider uses ultrasound to measure the depth of the amniotic fluid in four different areas of your uterus and adds up the results.
	www.marchofdimes.com /pnhec/188_1033.asp (718 words)

	PROFESSIONAL: Low amniotic fluid Pregnancy Symptoms
		Amniotic fluid surrounds the developing fetus in the amniotic sac, and performs some important functions.
		You may have a premature birth, or the amniotic fluid may get so low that your baby will compress the umbilical cord and starve himself of oxygen.
		If low amniotic fluid is seen in a post-term pregnancy, most practitioners will induce labor.
	www.pregnancy-info.net /pregnancycomp_5.html (286 words)

	BabyCentre glossary - A
		Amniotic fluid is withdrawn from the amniotic sac by inserting a hollow needle through the abdominal wall.
		The clear straw-coloured liquid in the amniotic sac in which the fetus grows.
		The sac or "bag of waters" filled with amniotic fluid in which the developing baby grows.
	www.babycentre.co.uk /glossary/a (707 words)

	Amniotic Fluid Examination -- eCureMe.com
		After the mother's abdomen is draped and prepped, a 3- to 6-inch needle is used to penetrate the abdomen and uterus to collect amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac.
		Approximately 20-30 ml is needed for cultivation, and additional fluid may be collected for DNA analysis.
		The three main dangers associated with amniocentesis are: injury to the mother and fetus, infection, and miscarriage or premature labor.
	www.ecureme.com /especial/obgyn/Amniotic_Fluid_Examination.asp (459 words)

	Health Information - Yale Medical Group
		Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is too much amniotic fluid around the fetus.
		In addition to a complete medical history and a physical examination, polyhydramnios is usually diagnosed with ultrasound (a test using sound waves to create a picture of internal structures) by measuring pockets of fluid to estimate the total volume.
		amnioinfusion - instilling, prior to labor, fluid into the amniotic sac to replace lost or low levels of amniotic fluid.
	ymghealthinfo.org /content.asp?page=P02430 (869 words)

	Amniotic Fluid Problems-Hydramnios-Oligohydramnios - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
		Amniotic Fluid Problems-Hydramnios-Oligohydramnios - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
		Treatment for hydramnios may include: close monitoring the amount of amniotic fluid and frequent follow-up visits with the physician
		Treatment for oligohydramnios may include: closely monitoring the amount of amniotic fluid and frequent follow-up visits with the physician
	www.chop.edu /consumer/your_child/condition_section_index.jsp?id=-8956 (824 words)

	AMNIOTIC FLUID EMBOLISM
		Definition - a syndrome in which, following the infusion of a large amount of amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation, there is the sudden development of acute respiratory distress and shock
		The condition is rare -probable many cases are unrecognized, the diagnosis being erroneously attributed to obstetric shock, postpartum hemorrhage, or acute pulmonary edema.
		- the demonstration of the components of amniotic fluid in the maternal circulation
	personal.uncc.edu /cmaynard/amniotic.htm (512 words)

	Amniotic Fluid Problems/Hydramnion/Oligohydramnios
		gastrointestinal abnormalities that block the passage of fluid.
		closely monitoring the amount of amniotic fluid and frequent follow-up visits with the physician.
		leaking of amniotic fluid when the cause is rupture of the amniotic sac.
	www.chw.org /display/PPF/DocID/23206/router.asp (861 words)

	INSTRUCTIVE: Excessive amniotic fluid Pregnancy Symptoms
		Rapid development of your uterus could be the first sign to cause your health care provider suspect that you may have an excess of amniotic fluid.
		Later on in your pregnancy around the second or third trimester, you may not be able to feel your baby moving around.
		In many cases this will actually resolve itself, however should your situation be on the extreme side you health care provider can remove some of the amniotic fluid through a procedure known as therapeutic amniocentesis.
	www.pregnancy-info.net /pregnancycomp_4.html (241 words)

	AllRefer Health - Amniotic Fluid (Oligohydramnios)
		This fluid is a clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the unborn baby (fetus) during pregnancy -- it is contained in the amniotic sac.
		This condition may accompany postdates pregnancies, ruptured membranes, placental dysfunction, or fetal anomalies.
		The fluid provides a great deal of knowledge concerning the sex, state of health, and maturity of the fetus.
	health.allrefer.com /health/amniotic-fluid-info.html (441 words)

	Pregnancy: Leaking amniotic fluid or urine?
		My midwife said it is not a leak of amniotic fluids.
		The results will indicate if there is a normal or low amount of fluid.
		If it is normal, it is unlikely that you have a leak in your bag of waters, so you will be able to rest easy.
	parenting.ivillage.com /pregnancy/psecondtri/0,,44sj,00.html (170 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Amniotic fluid - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Amniotic fluid: Fluid surrounding the fetus during pregnancy.
		Amniotic fluid : amniotic cavity fluid which is produced by the amnion and fetal lungs and kidneys.
		Other terms that may be related to Amniotic fluid:
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/amniotic_fluid.htm (181 words)

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