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	Amoy Gardens - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Amoy Gardens is located in the Ngau Tau Kok area of Kowloon, in the north east of Kowloon Peninsula of Hong Kong.
		Towards the end of March 2003, an outbreak of SARS occurred among residents of Amoy Gardens.
		Amoy Gardens is served by the Kowloon Bay station of the MTR metro system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amoy_Gardens (319 words)

	SARS: An Open Scar \| Impact > Case Studies > Amoy Gardens
		In Amoy Gardens, each block has eight vertical soil stacks, each collecting waste matter from the same unit of all floors and connected with the water closets, the basins, the bathtubs and the bathroom floor drains.
		Interviews with the Amoy Gardens residents revealed frequent complaints about foul smell in the toilets, which suggest that the U-trap arrangement might not be functioning properly in some units.
		Residents of Amoy Gardens were also advised to maintain the water seal at the U-traps of drainage outlets to ensure proper functioning.
	www.openscar.com /amoygardens.html (1350 words)

	Viral Load Distribution in SARS Outbreak \| CDC EID
		A community outbreak affected 321 residents of a densely populated housing estate, the Amoy Gardens in Hong Kong, from March 20 to April 15, 2003 (2).
		Since Amoy Gardens was placed under active surveillance by the health authority soon after the first few cases of SARS were detected, these patients underwent frequent examinations and were admitted early in the course of their illness (7).
		Amoy Gardens was placed under active surveillance during the SARS outbreak and the residents underwent frequent examinations.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/eid/vol11no12/04-0949.htm (3120 words)

	CDC - Probable Secondary Infections in Households of SARS Patients in Hong Kong
		It was followed by a large-scale community outbreak in the Amoy Gardens Estate, which had a total of 321 SARS cases as of April 15, 2003; 41.0% were Block E residents (3).
		March 25 corresponds to the beginning of the Amoy Gardens outbreak; after that date, public awareness of SARS was greatly heightened (10).
		The Amoy Block E households had the highest household attack rate (38.9%), followed by those living in the other blocks of the Amoy Gardens (19.6%) and households of the “other community member” group (18.3%).
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol10no2/03-0626.htm (3788 words)

	SARS Air Or Waterborne? - Over 200 In One HK Apt Block Infected
		A total of 213 people living in the Amoy Gardens housing estate were confirmed or suspected to be infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), of whom 107 are from Block E of the complex, Health Secretary Yeoh Eng-kiong told a news conference.
		The number of those infected in Amoy Gardens, in the heart of the teeming Kowloon district, is almost one-third of the total number in Hong Kong, a city of seven million people.
		Amoy Gardens is in a maze of crowded housing estates and smoke-spewing industrial buildings in one of the most densely-populated areas in the world.
	www.rense.com /general36/over.htm (1196 words)

	CIDRAP >> Rats may have played role in Hong Kong SARS outbreak
		Amoy Gardens has no communal facilities; no common food or water source was identified; and airborne transmission was determined by a World Health Organization investigative team to be unlikely.
		The index case was found to be a 33-year-old healthcare worker who stayed overnight with his brother, a resident of Amoy Gardens, on Mar 14 and 19.
		Among his suggestions are epidemiological case-control studies to look for behavioral risk factors and mechanisms for rat-to-human spread, detailed comparisons of SARS cases in Amoy Gardens with SARS cases elsewhere, and viral studies of isolates from Amoy patients to see whether mutation has occurred.
	www.cidrap.umn.edu /cidrap/content/hot/sars/news/aug1503rats.html (490 words)

	SARS outbreak at Amoy Gardens - smh.com.au
		A collection of air samples, water samples, environmental swabs and animal swabs/droppings/serum were taken in Amoy Gardens to identify the extent of environmental contamination by the causative agent.
		Residents of Amoy Gardens were advised to ensure the water level at the U-traps of drainage outlets to ensure proper functioning.
		The management company of Amoy gardens has repaired the crack in the sewer vent pipe found at the 4th floor level of Block E. The Administration has also asked the management company to carry out a comprehensive inspection of the drainage system of all blocks within the development.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2003/04/18/1050172749586.html (1724 words)

	Epochtimes English Edition-
		HONG KONG - Residents living in the Amoy Gardens apartment complex, where SARS exploded, infecting hundreds of them, are quite resentful of a recent SAR government report on the virus, which claims that no one in the government bears responsibility for the widespread outbreak.
		Ye Xing'guo, the head of the Amoy Gardens Board of Directors, was extremely unsatisfied with the recent SARS report, calling it “trivial critique but actually in favor (of the government)”.
		Subsequently, when hundreds of Amoy Gardens residents were infected, the government failed to quickly quarantine the victims, and to take proper measures to seal off the area.
	english.epochtimes.com /news/3-10-4/8748.html (652 words)

	SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)
		The majority of Hong Kong's cases are clustered in hospitals and in the densely populated Amoy Gardens housing estate.
		The vast majority of Amoy Gardens cases have been traced to vertically linked apartments in a single building, Block E. This pattern of transmission indicates that the disease has moved out of the health care setting and is now occurring within the community as secondary cases.
		Epidemiologists investigating the Amoy Gardens outbreak are considering the hypothesis that some form of environmental contamination, perhaps linked to a sewage or ventilation system, is the source of the large cluster of cases.
	www.emergency-management.net /sars_hong_kong.htm (1173 words)

	NPR : Tracing the Spread of SARS
		The mere mention of Amoy Gardens causes alarm -- nearly 15 percent of all SARS cases in Hong Kong came from this one complex.
		Amoy Gardens consists of 19 concrete, high-rise apartment buildings.
		Yguo Li, another member of the team, says the Amoy Gardens case will be studied for a long time: "It's a case with a lot of data, and it's a case where we can learn a lot things about transmission.
	www.npr.org /templates/story/story.php?storyId=1265956 (535 words)

	CIDRAP >> Overblown immune response may aggravate SARS symptoms
		May 19, 2003 (CIDRAP News) – In a study of 75 SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) patients from the Amoy Gardens outbreak in Hong Kong, most patients improved after a few days of hospitalization but then worsened in their second week of illness, possibly because of an overly intense immune response to the virus.
		Citing evidence that the amount of virus in the patients' bodies was declining by the 10th day of illness, the authors suggest that the patients' deterioration in the second week may have been due to their immune response, not the virus itself.
		The investigators prospectively studied the first 75 adult SARS patients from the Amoy Gardens housing complex, tracing their clinical, radiological, and virological changes for 24 days.
	www.cidrap.umn.edu /cidrap/content/other/sars/news/may1903sars.html (658 words)

	SARS 'spread through HK apartment's sewage pipes' - smh.com.au
		At least 324 people were infected in Amoy Gardens, where SARS was also apparently spread through person-to-person contact and in common areas, such as elevators, lobbies and staircases, according to the report made by several Hong Kong government agencies.
		About 40 per cent of the SARS cases in Amoy Gardens came from one building, called Block E, that was evacuated at one point with all of its residents moved into holiday camps that were turned into makeshift quarantine centres.
		The disease was brought to Amoy Gardens by an infected man who visited his brother there on March 14 and March 19, Dr Yeoh said.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2003/04/17/1050172718665.html (371 words)

	"Unlucky" Set of Events Led to SARS Outbreak in Hong Kong Amoy Gardens
		At the invitation of Hong Kong Government, a WHO Environmental Team headed by Dr Heinz Feldmann has recently completed an interim study on the risk factors involved in the possible environmental transmission of SARS in Amoy Gardens, which has reported a total of 329 SARS cases from 26 March to 24 April.
		The physical condition of the Amoy Gardens structure is generally good and meets international standards.
		Exhaustive testing of Amoy Gardens found no genetic material or footprint of the SARS-related coronavirus in swabs taken from the affected apartments, the entrance between the units, the corridors, the roof, the ground floor and the sewer manholes.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/4F1E4BD532EE69B685256D2800691801 (687 words)

	CNN.com - Bad luck led to SARS HK outbreak - May. 16, 2003
		In Amoy Gardens, home to about 19,000 residents in 19 33-storey blocks, scores of patients diagnosed with SARS came down with diarrhea, and researchers found fecal matter in toilets and kitchen sinks, leading them to suspect the disease had multiple ways of spreading.
		While the WHO said Amoy Gardens did meet international standards, the building had been modified, with residents adding exhaust fans and air conditioners that were too big for the apartments, helping to spread the disease.
		During the Amoy outbreak, hundreds of residents from Block E were sent to quarantine in two holiday villages.
	www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/asiapcf/east/05/16/hk.amoy (711 words)

	SARS virus is mutating, fear doctors - 16 April 2003 - New Scientist
		Microbiologist Yuen Kwok-yung, at the University of Hong Kong, said on Wednesday that the 300 patients from a SARS hot spot, the Amoy Gardens apartment complex, were more seriously ill than patients who acquired the infection elsewhere.
		The Amoy Gardens patients are three times as likely to suffer early diarrhoea, twice as likely to need intensive care and less likely to respond to a cocktail of anti-viral drugs and steroids.
		The much higher rate of diarrhoea in Amoy Garden cases supports the idea of an altered tissue preference, meaning a viral strain that can attack the gut as well as the lungs.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn3637 (597 words)

	Amoy Gardens investigation findings make public
		A significant percentage of patients in Amoy Gardens were presented with diarrhea during their illness.
		In Amoy Gardens, eight vertical soil stacks of each block extend along the height of the building for each of the eight units.
		Residents of Amoy Gardens were also advised to maintain the water seal at the U- traps of drainage outlets to ensure proper functioning.
	www.info.gov.hk /gia/general/200304/17/0417247.htm (1355 words)

	SARS smells strange - SciForums.com
		Given that the Amoy Gardens SARS outbreak had "unusual symptoms", we ought to at least consider the number of diseases that fit the Amoy Gardens profile.
		The Amoy Gardens story is important (especially if I get hold of one article I can't find about it) for a couple of reasons: There is the suggestion that there was no actual SARS at Amoy Gardens (missing article), and, furthermore, the "SARS" at Amoy Gardens carried "atypical" symptoms.
		After the Amoy Gardens outbreak, it was hard enough to tell SARS from the common flu.
	www.sciforums.com /showthread.php?t=22852 (3067 words)

	NEJM -- Molecular Epidemiology of SARS -- From Amoy Gardens to Taiwan
		NEJM -- Molecular Epidemiology of SARS -- From Amoy Gardens to Taiwan
		Molecular Epidemiology of SARS —; From Amoy Gardens to Taiwan
		Genomic characterisation of the SARS-coronavirus of the Amoy Gardens outbreak in Hong Kong.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/full/349/19/1875 (348 words)

	No significant genetic difference in viruses responsible for two major Hong Kong SARS outbreaks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The possibility that two different strains of the SARS virus were responsible for the Prince of Wales Hospital and Amoy Gardens outbreaks in Hong Kong earlier this year is disputed by authors of a research letter in this week's issue of THE LANCET.
		The apparent increased frequency of diarrhoea (73% compared with 20%), admission to intensive care (32% compared with 23%), and death (13% compared with 4%) among the Amoy Gardens outbreak has resulted in the theory that the two viruses responsible had different genetic structures.
		The virus sequence was identical to the virus responsible for the hospital outbreak in four of these five patients; the sequence data from the Amoy Gardens virus had only three nucleotide differences from the hospital virus.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-11/l-nsg112603.php (231 words)

	USATODAY.com - Spotlight on quarantined apartment complex eases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		HONG KONG — For a solid month, Amoy Gardens stood as a symbol for the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome: A quarter of the 1,200 SARS patients in the city lived in or visited the apartment complex.
		Yet the focus eased this week as the government released a list of more than 150 properties where SARS cases are suspected of having their origins, putting into context the fact that the disease is by no means localized.
		In fact, none of the 42 new cases reported Tuesday had any relationship to Amoy Gardens, and few new cases have been identified in connection with the complex since the end of a 10-day quarantine of about 200 residents, who were relocated away from the complex.
	www.usatoday.com /news/health/2003-04-15-sars-side_x.htm (383 words)

	Wired News: Sewage Puts a New Spin on SARS
		Health officials have reported that SARS patients who live in Amoy Gardens are coming down with particularly virulent cases of the disease, as are health-care workers who have caught the virus from those patients.
		Twenty percent of Amoy victims needed intensive care, compared with about 10 percent of other SARS patients in Hong Kong, said Yuen Kwok-yung, a microbiology professor and co-director of science at the University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital.
		The symptoms of Amoy Gardens patients differ from the symptoms of other SARS patients in that a large percentage of Amoy Gardens patients developed intestinal problems.
	www.wired.com /news/medtech/0,1286,58534,00.html (652 words)

	Plumbing information by theplumber.com
		The outbreak at the Amoy Gardens apartment complex was traced to a mainland Chinese man visiting his brother in March.
		The outbreak at Amoy Gardens has been the most alarming yet in the former British colony, which has reported 65 SARS deaths.
		SARS also was apparently spread in Amoy Gardens through person-to-person contact and in common areas, such as elevators, lobbies and staircases.
	www.theplumber.com /sarsvirus-plumbing.html (569 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Asia / Hong Kong apartment recovers after SARS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The lunchtime crowd at a supermarket in the Amoy Gardens apartment complex savors the aroma of roasted chicken.
		SARS was brought to Amoy Gardens by a resident's brother who had diarrhea.
		There are no more health workers in moonsuits, sifting through Amoy Gardens for evidence of the disease, fearful they could catch it by punching an infected elevator button.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2004/06/04/hong_kong_apartment_recovers_after_sars?mode=PF (820 words)

	New Cause of SARS Found
		The leading theory for the Amoy Gardens outbreak in Hong Kong focused on sewage backups into apartment toilets, where the virus may have become aerosolized.
		Studies of people who live in the Amoy Gardens apartment complex in Hong Kong, where more than 300 people contracted SARS, show that many patients experienced primarily diarrhea and gastrointestinal illness.
		Live viruses were present in the patients' feces, University of Hong Kong SARS researcher Dr. Yuen Kwok-yung said in an e-mail interview, and overall, the Amoy Gardens patients were far sicker, and younger, than other SARS cases.
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/Bioter/newcausesars.html (1015 words)

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