
	Where results make sense

Topic: Amphibian

Related Topics

Amphibia

Lissamphibia

Apoda

Anura

Tetrapod

Labyrinthodontia

Caudata

Urodela

Eryops

Frog

Pipidae

Poison dart frog

Osteichthyes

Decline in frog populations

	Amphibian (animal) - MSN Encarta
		Nearly all amphibians live the first part of their lives in water and the second part on land—a double life reflected in the name amphibian, which comes from the Greek words amphi, meaning “both,” and bios, meaning “life.” Amphibians were the first animals with backbones to adapt to life on land.
		Amphibians live in many environments, including grasslands, rain forests, conifer forests, alpine areas, and even deserts, although most species require freshwater habitats such as ponds, swamps, streams, or other wet environments for breeding.
		Most adult amphibians retain their teeth, but in some species, teeth are reduced in size or not present at all.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761574532 (1012 words)

	Amphibian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Amphibians (from Greek αμφις "both" and βιος "life") are ectotherms, and generally spend part of their time on land, but most do not have the adaptations to an entirely terrestrial existence found in most other modern tetrapods (amniotes).
		Amphibians developed with the characteristics of pharyngeal slits/gills, a dorsal nerve cord, a notochord, and a post-anal tail at different stages of their life.
		Dramatic declines in amphibian populations, including population crashes and mass localized extinction, have been noted in the past two decades from locations all over the world, and amphibian declines are thus perceived as one of the most critical threats to global biodiversity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amphibian (1219 words)

	Amphibian Biology
		Amphibians are found in a variety of colors, from drab browns and grays to shocking reds and blues.
		Amphibians, and reptiles for that matter, are known to display a wide variety of color defects and abnormalities, such as leucism, melanism, and xanthism, which result in some rather remarkable phenotypes.
		Amphibians use body positioning to utilize such micro-habitats, basically positioning their bodies on surfaces in manners to either expose more of the body to the surface, or less.
	www.livingunderworld.org /biology/caudata (8885 words)

	2008 Year of the Frog Fights Against Amphibian Extinction Crisis
		Amphibians -- frogs, toads, salamanders, newts and caecilians -- are vital members of a delicate ecosystem as well as important environmental indicators and contributors to human health and wellness.
		Amphibian Ark will develop, promote, and guide short-term captive management of the most threatened amphibians that cannot be saved in the wild, buying valuable time to mitigate threats for species that would otherwise go extinct.
		Amphibian Ark supports the rescue of priority species and brings them into "protective custody" in dedicated biosecure facilities at zoos, aquariums, and other institutions around the world for safekeeping, breeding, and eventual release back into the wild when the original threats have been controlled.
	www.earthtimes.org /articles/show/news_press_release,241553.shtml (829 words)

	Origin of Amphibian Chytrid Fungus \| CDC EID
		The sudden appearance of chytridiomycosis, the cause of amphibian deaths and population declines in several continents, suggests that its etiologic agent, the amphibian chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, was introduced into the affected regions.
		One of the biggest threats facing amphibian species and population survival worldwide is the disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (1,2).
		Chytridiomycosis was proposed as the cause of death in frog populations in the rain forests of Australia and Panama and was associated with the decline of frog populations in Ecuador, Venezuela, New Zealand, and Spain (3–6).
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol10no12/03-0804.htm (3358 words)

	Amphibian populations concern scientists - Boston.com
		Missouri and Illinois conservationists are seeing troubling signs in amphibian populations, mirroring problems seen elsewhere in the world.
		Scientists are finding many reasons for the decline of amphibians: habitat destruction, pollution from pesticides and herbicides, and the proliferation of exotic species that can lead to the decline of native species.
		But amphibian populations are also declining in areas that do not have those problems.
	www.boston.com /news/science/articles/2007/07/19/amphibian_populations_concern_scientists (507 words)

	Roebling's Amphibian The Origin Of The Assault Amphibian
		The purpose of this study is to focus on the origin of the assault amphibian vehicle in an attempt to fill in the many gaps in the story of the earliest years of one of the Marine Corps' most venerable performers.
		Amphibian tractors were in the vanguard of the Corps' operations in the Korean Conflict (LVTs formed the leading edge of the Inchon landing) and supported Marine Corps amphibious, riverine and mechanized operations throughout the Vietnam War.
		This operational history of the 3rd Amphibian Tractor Battalion in the amphibious assault on Guam (May-August 1944) is a forthright chronicle of many of the issues that are common to all of the Pacific campaign LVT operational reports.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1987/RRW.htm (12802 words)

	amphibian - Definitions from Dictionary.com
		Amphibians hatch as aquatic larvae with gills and, in most species, then undergo metamorphosis into four-legged terrestrial adults with lungs for breathing air.
		The eggs of amphibians are fertilized externally and lack an amnion.
		Amphibians evolved from lobe-finned fish during the late Devonian Period and include frogs, toads, newts, salamanders, and caecilians.
	dictionary.reference.com /browse/amphibian (590 words)

	Amphibian Specialist Group
		Amphibian populations are disappearing from habitats all around the world.
		Around a third of amphibian species are threatened with extinction - mass extinctions of this magnitude have not been seen since the time of the dinosaurs.
		We need to act quickly to save the amphibians and the ecosystems that support them and provide us with clean drinking water, clean air, and support the quality of life that many take for granted.
	www.amphibians.org (214 words)

	Amphibian Disease
		We suspect that amphibian chytridiomycosis is affecting populations of boreal toads in Rocky Mountain National Park (Rocky Mountain National Park).
		Amphibian health evaluation includes taking blood samples and oral swabs from boreal toads (endangered in the State of Colorado), collecting representative live specimens of other amphibian species and the opportunistic collection of dead animals.
		Amphibian chytridiomycosis is the infection of amphibian skin cells by the microscopic fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis).
	www.mesc.usgs.gov /research/rarmi/rarmi_amphibdisease.asp (928 words)

	Declining Amphibian Populations
		Because amphibians have a biphasic life in both water and land, and have permeable skins, they are considered to be good environmental indicators.
		One possible cause of declining amphibian populations that has received much attention is depletion of stratospheric ozone and resultant seasonal increases in ultraviolet B radiation at the Earth’s surface.
		Amphibian populations are susceptible to outbreaks of pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses.
	www.geocities.com /darthdusan/amphibians.htm (3648 words)

	Animal Bytes: Amphibians
		A major cause of the current global amphibian extinction crisis seems to be the spread of the infectious chytrid fungus.
		Amphibians are animals that live part of their lives in water and part on land.
		Many adult amphibians also have poison-producing glands in their skin, which make them taste bad to predators and might even poison a predator that bites or swallows them.
	www.sandiegozoo.org /animalbytes/a-amphibians.html (600 words)

	Emerging Infectious Diseases and Amphibian Population Declines
		Global declines in amphibian population are perhaps one of the most pressing and enigmatic environmental problems of the late 20th century (12-19).
		The pattern of amphibian deaths and population declines associated with chytridiomycosis is characteristic of an introduced virulent pathogen dispersing through a naïve population (7,10,39).
		In amphibian populations, unevenness may be due to differences in ecologic factors (e.g., population density, habitat, age structure); differences among pathogen strains; stochastic factors, such as the time of introduction; or a combination of these factors.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol5no6/daszak.htm (6594 words)

	Amphibian Ark
		Amphibians are an important component of the global ecosystem, as indicators of environmental health and contributors to human health.
		The main focus of this volume is the global extinction crisis facing amphibians and the coordinated response of zoos and aquariums with partners (governments, museums, universities, botanical-gardens and private-sector collaborators) around the world.
		Some EDGE amphibians, such as the Chinese giant salamander and axolotl are relatively well known, but others, such as the lungless salamanders of Central America, the worm-like Sagalla caecilian, and the mouth brooding Chile Darwin frogs (which carry their young in their vocal sac), remain poorly understood.
	www.amphibianark.org (880 words)

	Ancient Amphibians Discovered in Iowa (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Amphibians are the most primitive and earliest known tetrapods (four-footed animals), and are the basal stock from which all other land vertebrates, including reptiles, birds, and mammals, have derived.
		It is generally accepted that amphibians evolved from bony crossopterygian (lobe-finned) fish (see diagram), but the early history and subsequent radiation of early tetrapods during the Carboniferous is still poorly known, principally because of the sparse number of fossil localities and specimens worldwide.
		Early amphibians superficially resembled salamanders; they possessed elongate bodies, short limbs, and required water in which to lay their non-amniotic eggs to complete their reproductive cycle.
	www.igsb.uiowa.edu /browse/amphibs/amphibs.htm (1046 words)

	Life History and Ecology of the Amphibia
		Young amphibians, like the larval frog or tadpole pictured here, spend their early years in the water, breathing through gills in the side of their head in much the same way as fish do.
		This may be why the number of amphibian species, and the size of many amphibian populations, has been declining in recent years.
		Amphibians, like the proverbial "canary in a coal mine," may be among the first organisms to suffer from the effects of global pollution and climate change -- providing an early warning of environmental degradation.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /vertebrates/tetrapods/amphiblh.html (320 words)

	afrol News - Amphibian extinction wave reaches Africa
		The region with the highest density of known amphibian in Africa is in southern Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and northern Gabon.
		After birds and mammals, amphibians are the third group of species to be completely evaluated on a global scale.
		The highly permeable skin of amphibians is more immediately sensitive to changes in the environment, including changes to freshwater and air quality.
	www.afrol.com /articles/14580 (787 words)

	Amphibian Crisis Information - Cheyenne Mountain Zoo
		Amphibians - that is frogs, toads, salamanders, newts and the odd caecilians - are disappearing from habitats all around the world at an alarming rate.
		Amphibians are one of the five classes of vertebrate life on earth.
		We have united in our concerns to form an Amphibian Ark www.amphibianark.org to safe guard as many species as possible while the threats to their wild existence are confronted.
	www.cmzoo.org /amphibiancrisis.html (933 words)

	Information and facts on frogs, anatomy, life span, diseases and their history.
		Although most have changed very little since they first began to breathe on land, some of the early amphibians were the ancestors of today's reptiles, birds, and mammals.
		The word amphibian comes from the Greek amphi, meaning "both," and bios, meaning "life." It describes cold-blooded animals with backbones that pass their lives both in fresh water and on land.
		Because amphibians live in water and on land, their natural environments are shores, ponds, marshes, swamps, and low-lying meadows.
	www.lookd.com /frogs/index.html (161 words)

	Amphibian Research (Site not responding. Last check: )
		BRD is closely tracking developments in the malformation and decline of amphibian populations in North America and elsewhere.
		Recent reports show that many amphibian populations are undergoing decline and even extinction.
		Amphibians are an essential part of many ecosystems and may even constitute the highest percentage of vertebrate biomass.
	biology.usgs.gov /frog.html (295 words)

	Zoo Outreach Organisation - Networks
		Amphibian network was initiated by the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group India CBSG India in 1995 and later it has evolved into a group, which covers much of South Asia.
		Even some professional amphibian biologists seemed to be unaware of the number of people conducting useful and relevant studies on amphibians.
		Since the initial activity of the Amphibian Network was successful, John Baker, then International Coordinator of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force (DAPTF) requested Sanjay Molur and CBSG ASIG to affiliate with DAPTF in South Asia and he requested Sanjay to join with Dr. Sushil Dutta of Utkal University as the Co-chair of DAPTF-SA.
	www.zooreach.org /Networks/Amphibian/Amphibian.htm (741 words)

	NEARMI \| Amphibian Malformations
		Surveys for malformed amphibians typically target early life stages (larvae/tadpoles and recent metamorphs), as it is thought that severely malformed adults would have a reduced probability of survival and hence would be harder to find.
		If an amphibian malformation is severe (e.g., multiple limbs, missing jaws or holes in throat) and does not appear to be the result of a failed predation attempt (e.g., missing leg), you may want to contact Dr.
		Based on their assessment, they may recommend that you capture the malformed amphibian and send it live to NWHC or take it to your nearest local or state wildlife agency.
	www.pwrc.usgs.gov /nearmi/malformations (467 words)

	AmphibiaWeb: Worldwide Amphibian Declines
		Amphibians have existed on earth for over 300 million years, yet in just the last two decades there have been an alarming number of extinctions, nearly 168 species are believed to have gone extinct and at least 2,469 (43%) more have populations that are declining.
		Amphibian diversity is highest in the tropics and Brazil has the most described species at 789 species, by contrast, the United States has 291 species but is nearly the same size (as of January 16,2008).
		The causes for recent amphibian declines are many, but an emerging disease called chytridiomycosis and global climate change are thought the be the biggest threats to amphibians.
	amphibiaweb.org /declines/declines.html (1205 words)

	Amphibian Conservation - National Zoo\| FONZ
		Amphibians around the world are vanishing—and may signal danger to our global ecosystem's health.
		Amphibians feel the effects of environmental changes long before we do, partly because of their sensitive skin and watery way of life.
		The IUCN's Amphibian Specialist Group is working to study, save, restore, and manage amphibians and their habitats around the world.
	nationalzoo.si.edu /Animals/ReptilesAmphibians/Exhibit/Topics/amphibian_conservation.cfm (208 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)