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Topic: Amphibious

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	Amphibious assault ship - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Amphibious assault ships, usually shortened to amphibs, phibs or popularly known as gator freighters, denotes a range of classes of warship employed to land and support ground forces on enemy territory by an amphibious assault.
		It is often said that amphibious assaults are the hardest of all military operations to coordinate.
		From the great assaults of WWII to the recent 400 mile amphibious assault on Afghanistan and the attack on the Al-Faw Peninsula in Iraq, both countries have been at the forefront of developing amphibious assault doctrine and shipping.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship (1024 words)

	Amphibious Forces - Navy Ships
		An amphibious operation is a military operation launched from the sea by naval and landing forces embarked in ships or craft involving a landing on a hostile or potentially hostile shore.
		The principal type of amphibious operation is the amphibious assault, which is distinguished from other types of amphibious operations in that it involves establishing a force on a hostile or potentially hostile shore.
		The salient requirement of an amphibious assault, which is the principal type of amphibious operation, is the necessity for swift, uninterrupted buildup of sufficient combat power ashore from an initial zero capability to full coordinated striking power as the attack progresses toward amphibious task force (ATF) final objectives.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/ship/amphibious.htm (1216 words)

	AllRefer.com - amphibious warfare (Military Affairs (nonnaval)) - Encyclopedia
		The typical Allied amphibious operation consisted of heavy and continued air and naval bombardment of the enemy defenses, followed by a landing of troops with complete equipment from landing craft; the landing forces were supported in the early stages by naval guns until land artillery could come into action.
		In Europe the Allies made landings on Sicily (1943) and Italy (1943–44), but the most spectacular example of amphibious warfare was the invasion of Normandy by the Allies from England on June 6, 1944 (see Normandy campaign).
		Amphibious landings later occurred in Vietnam War and in the British retaking (1982) of the Falkland Islands.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/amphibWar.html (549 words)

	Amphibious Squadron FOUR
		The mission of Commander, Amphibious Squadron FOUR is the tactical control of amphibious forces, primarily to conduct assaults from the sea, to support an embarked Landing Force once they are established ashore, and to serve as Commander, U.S. SIXTH Fleet Amphibious Force when deployed in the Mediterranean Sea.
		Amphibious Squadron FOUR contributes to America's policy of maintaining peace and preserving freedom worldwide by maintaining a ready peacetime presence in areas of vital interest to the security of the United States and our allies.
		The amphibious squadron commander with his staff is charged with responsibilities for planning and executing amphibious operations and deployments with a reinforced Marine Battalion.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/agency/navy/phibron4.htm (2622 words)

	The Amphibious Revolution - Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The best-remembered amphibious operation is D-Day, the Normandy landings on 6 June 1944.
		The unimaginable growth of amphibious warfare during World War II is illustrated by the contrast between the first U.S. operation and the proposed initial invasion of Japan in November 1945.
		Amphibious warfare did not simply come of age during World War II; it transformed the very nature of how wars are fought.
	www.military.com /NewContent/0,13190,NH_0605_Revolution-P2,00.html (1625 words)

	Amphibious Living (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		‘Amphibious living’ means living on, in, close to and most especially with, water.
		‘Amphibious living’ is about more than just floating dwellings; it encompasses all the possible ways in which architecture, and especially physical and spatial planning, can deal with ‘wet’ environments.
		The book Amphibious Living grew out of a design competition that has generated a plethora of new ideas, at many different levels, in presenting wetlands or marshy areas as a challenge for construction and planning.
	www.artbook.com /9056621807.html (180 words)

	Tripoli (LPH-10)
		During her 1967 deployment, Tripoli participated in eight amphibious operations, all conducted along the coast of the I Corps tactical zone located in the northernmost part of South Vietnam.
		Her first operation, codenamed "Beacon Torch," began on 18 June when marines of SLF "Bravo" were flown into the vicinity of Hoi An, located on the coast midway between the DMZ and the southern limit of I Corps tactical zone.
		After reembarking SLF "Bravo," she prepared for her last amphibious operation of the deployment, Operation "Badger Hunt." On the 14th, the landing force was lifted some 25 miles inland to the area near An Hoa in Quang Nam province.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/amphib/lph10.htm (4105 words)

	Navy.com : Explore the Navy: Amphibious Ships Vessels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Although the primary objectives are the same — get the troops, their equipment and supplies to the beach — each of the six different ship classes within the Amphibious Assault Force have been designed to provide particular holding, landing and launching capabilities.
		The largest of the amphibious ships, the Wasp class is the command ship of the Amphibious Ready Group (ARG) and is fully capable of bringing to the beach an amphibious assault, advancing force and special operations, as well as non–combatant evacuation and other humanitarian missions.
		Touted as the most survivable amphibious ship ever put to sea, this vessel incorporates state–of–the–art defense capabilities, while having a substantial increase in vehicle and cargo carrying–capability.
	www.navy.com /amphibious/vessels (530 words)

	USS Vancouver (LPD-2)
		The amphibious transport dock ship arrived on station near the mouth of the Cua Viet River and began providing logistics support to elements of BLT 3/1 committed to defensive positions in the vicinity of Dong Ha.
		Following a week of repairs at Subic Bay, she reembarked BLT 1/9 on the 12th, conducted an amphibious assault exercise on the 13th, and got underway for Vietnam on the 14th.
		The amphibious transport dock ship remained in San Diego through the end of 1971 for post-deployment standdown and for the usual holiday leave and upkeep period.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/amphib/lpd2.htm (4298 words)

	Royal Navy: Amphibious Warfare Training
		The Royal Marines are the Royal Navy's amphibious infantry and the United Kingdoms commandos.
		The Brigade is essentially a light amphibious infantry brigade, with specialist extreme cold weather warfare expertise.
		In addition to amphibious training within the RMR Units, RMR ranks have numerous opportunities to join the Corps on their large amphibious exercises, which are conducted regularly throughout the world.
	www.royal-navy.mod.uk /static/pages/4995.html (291 words)

	Amphibious Ready Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Amphibious warships are uniquely designed to support assault from the sea against defended positions ashore.
		These versatile ships perform the mission of amphibious transports, amphibious cargo ships and the older LSDs by incorporating both a flight deck and a well deck that can be ballasted and deballasted to support landing craft.
		These ships transport and launch amphibious craft and vehicles with their crews and embarked personnel in amphibious assault operations.
	www.cadre.maxwell.af.mil /warfarestudies/wpc/wpc_txt/navy/arg.htm (874 words)

	CHAPTER III
		The history of the Amphibious Training Center was divided into two geographically and chronologically separate periods—the first its life at Camp Edwards, Massachusetts, and the second its life at Carrabelle, Florida.
		The first student unit to undertake amphibious training at that station was the 45th Infantry Division, which was trained by echelons—one regimental combat team at a time.
		All elements of the Amphibious Training Center had arrived at Carrabelle by 15 October, and preparations were immediately made to receive the fires student unit to be trained at the new camp.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/agf/agf22/amphib-ch3.htm (2085 words)

	Royal Navy: Amphibious
		Amphibious operations involve the projection of power by a maritime force from the sea to the shore.
		The key to any amphibious operation is the force it deploys.
		However, amphibious operations are much more than simply putting forces on to a beach.
	www.royal-navy.mod.uk /static/pages/251.html (248 words)

	Naval Amphibious Base, Coronado
		The amphibious base houses Commander Naval Surface Force, US Pacific Fleet, responsible for the training, maintenance and crews of the approximately 90 ships of the Pacific Fleet and Commander Naval Special Warfare Command, US Pacific Fleet.
		The Naval Amphibious Base was renamed in 1946, although it had been in operation as the Amphibious Training Base since 1943.
		Amphibious training is conducted on both surfside and bayside beaches.
	www.militarymuseum.org /NABCoronado.html (949 words)

	Naval Amphibious Base (NAB) Coronado
		NAB is approximately 1,000 acres in size and is composed of the Main Base, training beaches, California least tern preserve, recreational marina, enlisted family housing, and state park.
		In June of 1943, the Secretary of the Navy authorized the establishment of the Amphibious Training Base in the San Diego area to meet wartimes demands for trained landing craft crews.
		In 1946, the base was renamed Naval Amphibious Base (NAB) Coronado and its primary mission was changed to that of providing major administrative and logistical support to the amphibious units which are located on the base.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/facility/coronado.htm (945 words)

	Amphibious Transport Dock (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		An amphibious transport dock (also called Landing Platform Dock or LPD) is a warship that embarks, transports, and lands elements of a landing force for expeditionary warfare missions.
		The United States Navy operates several of this type of ship; their helicopters, vertical take-off and landing aircraft, and air-cushion or conventional landing craft support of the United States Marine Corps's "vertical envelopment" assault doctrine.
		Amphibious transport docks perform the mission of amphibious transports, amphibious cargo ships, and the older LPDs by incorporating both a flight deck and a well deck that can be ballasted and deballasted to support landing craft or amphibious vehicles.
	www.wikiverse.org /amphibious-transport-dock (280 words)

	amphibious warfare on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The general strategy is very ancient and was extensively employed by the Greeks, e.g., in the Athenian attack on Sicily in 415 BC The term is, however, of modern coinage.
		In Europe the Allies made landings on Sicily (1943) and Italy (1943-44), but the most spectacular example of amphibious warfare was the invasion of Normandy by the Allies from England on June 6, 1944 (see Normandy campaign).
		The Role of Amphibious Warfare in British Defence Policy, 1945-56.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/a1/amphibw1ar.asp (761 words)

	Commander Amphibious Squadron Six - Mission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Amphibious Squadron Six is a tactical planning and operations staff of Commander, Naval Surface Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, subordinate to Commander, Amphibious Group Two.
		It’s mission is to provide operational and administrative chains of command the highest-quality capability for rapidly planning and conducting effective worldwide amphibious operations, forward presence and related naval missions in partnership with other naval, joint, allied and friendly forces or their representatives.
		Amphibious Squadron Six's core staff of thirteen officers, and fifteen enlisted specialist personnel serve as a nucleus of expertise in assualt planning, amphibious operations, task force operational control, coordination of supporting naval gunfire and close air support, communications, medical surgery and treatment.
	www.cnsl.spear.navy.mil /cpr6/mission.htm (176 words)

	U.S. Navy - Amphibious Ready Group - ARGs
		At the most basic level, an amphibious force consists of a Navy element — a group of ships known as an amphibious task force (ATF) — and a landing force (LF) of U.S. Marines (and occasionally, U.S. Army troops), in total about 5,000 people.
		Amphibious forces must be capable of performing missions ranging from humanitarian assistance and disaster relief to major theater war (MTW).
		Because they are seabased and because the decision to position and engage amphibious forces will always be easily reversible, amphibious forces greatly expand the repertoire of available response options.
	www.milnet.com /pentagon/arg.html (580 words)

	amphibious vehicle -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Amphibious tanks built during 1920s and '30s sacrificed armament and armour to achieve low weight in relation to their bulk and, therefore, sufficient buoyancy to float.
		The word is a biological term that means the ability to live in water and on land.
		Amphibious vessels are mainly assault ships, especially where landings are carried out by combined Navy and Marine Corps teams.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9007239?tocId=9007239 (825 words)

	Amphibious Assault Ship (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The amphibious assault ships, usually shortened to amphibs, denotes a range of classes of warship employed to land and support ground forces on enemy territory by an amphibious assault.
		The disastrous Gallipoli landings of 1915 showed that this type of operation was impossible in the face of modern weapons, especially the machine gun.
		The first use of helicopters in an amphibious assault came during the Anglo-French invasion of Egypt in 1956.
	www.wikiverse.org /amphibious-assault-ship (1073 words)

	Amphibious assault (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		An amphibious assault is the assault of an objective located on land by a force attacking from ships.
		An amphibious assault is one of the most difficult military operations, requiring coordination of firesfrom ships and aircraft with the perilous task of disembarking from landing craft onto a shore held by the enemy, who are oftenat a tremendous advantage due to the open spaces found on most beaches.
		Famous American amphibious assaults include the Inchon Landing, D-Day, and the Battle of Iwo Jima Althoughthe Marines are most commonly associated with amphibious assaults, during the Pacific Campaign of WorldWar II, the Army also conducted many amphibious assaults.
	www.therfcc.org /amphibious-assault-105296.html (142 words)

	Mysterious amphibious creature of the Caspian - PRAVDA.Ru
		Residents of a few towns on the Caspian shores in Iran and Azerbaijan say that they saw an amphibious man, he was reported to be swimming amidst huge shoals of fish.
		In March this year an eyewitness account from the crew of the Baku, an Azeri trawler, was published by Iranian newspaper Zindagi: "That creature was swimming parallel course near the boat for a long time," said Gafar Gasanof, a captain of the ship.
		An amphibious humanlike being was reported in Karelia in 1928.
	english.pravda.ru /science/19/94/378/15168_.html (1057 words)

	amphibious warfare -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		More results on "amphibious warfare" when you join.
		The main form is the amphibious assault, which may be conducted for any of several purposes: to serve as a prelude to further combat operations ashore; to seize a site required as an advanced naval or air base; or to deny the use of the site or area to...
		Putting ground forces ashore from the sea by amphibious landing is an operation that has neither gained nor...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9007240?tocId=9007240 (948 words)

	Active Skim View of: B. Amphibious Planning in the Gulf War
		APPENDIX B Amphibious Planning in the Gulf War The most recent encounter with enemy minefields was during Desert Storm.
		The proposed amphibious assault at Ash Shuaybah, Kuwait, during Operation Desert Storm in February 1991 called for the landing of two regimental landing teams abreast under the control of the 4th Marine Brigade.
		Efforts are under way to bring organic mine warfare capabilities to the battle groups, and there is developmental work ongoing in a variety of areas to field systems consistent with today’s funding constraints.
	www.nap.edu /nap-cgi/skimit.cgi?isbn=0309075785&chap=159-160 (237 words)

	HyperWar: The Amphibians Came to Conquer [Chapter 16]
		Rear Admiral Turner had come out of the South Pacific with the very definite belief that the commander of an amphibious task force should be provided with a flagship which did not have to carry troops and their logistical support to the assault landing and which had adequate working and sleeping accommodations for his staff.
		He would comply with the basic provision of FTP 167 that, in amphibious assault planning, the Naval Attack Force Commander and the Marine or Army Commander of the assault troops must be physically close at hand during the planning stage for an assault landing.
		Five amphibious bases were built in the Hawaiian Islands at Waianae, Waimanalo and Waipio on Oahu as well as bases on the islands of Maui and Kauai.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USN/ACTC/actc-16.html (15164 words)

	Chinese Defence Today :: Type 63 Amphibious Tank
		China is one of few countries in the world still operating amphibious tanks in a relatively significant number.
		As China's first successful amphibious tank, the Type 63 is still seen in active service today with the PLA Marine Corps and the reconnaissance elements of armour divisions in the ground forces.
		The initial prototypes that clones the PT-76 was completed in 1959 by 201 Institute and 617 Factory, and a small number of this prototype was delivered to the PLA in 1960.
	www.sinodefence.com /army/tank/type63.asp (862 words)

	Navy.com : Explore the Navy: Amphibious Aircraft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Since the advent of flight decks on Amphibious ships, helicopters have been heavily relied upon for bringing the troops, supplies and equipment ashore.
		Another advantage of the rotating wing is its storage capability on board a crowded flight deck.
		This medium–lift helicopter can carry up to 37 troops or 8000 pounds of supplies and equipment in support of amphibious and shore operations.
	www.navy.com /amphibious/aircraft (295 words)

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