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Topic: Amphipathic

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	Amphipathic graft copolymers and copolymer compositions and methods of making - Patent 5753766 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This application relates to amphipathic graft copolymers comprised of a hydrophobic backbone polymer to which is "in-chain" grafted at least one hydrophilic monomer, their preparation, compositions containing said copolymer and methods of using said compositions.
		The free-radical polymerization reaction for preparing the amphipathic graft copolymers of the present invention is conducted by adding at least two hydrophobic monomers at least one of which is a graftable monomer and at least one hydrophilic monomer to a reaction medium at a temperature of from about 70 to about 110.degree.
		It is desirable for the solvent/plasticizer to be water-insoluble and compatible with the pesticide, the hydrophobic component of the amphipathic graft copolymer, and the hydrophobic component of the non-ionic surfactant.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5753766.html (8495 words)

	Amphipathic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Amphiphiles.
		An amphipathic (also known as amphiphilic) molecule contains both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups.
		The hydrophobic group can be a long carbon chain, with the form: CH n
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amphipathic (110 words)

	An amphipathic peptide from the C-terminal region of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein causes pore ...
		An amphipathic peptide from the C-terminal region of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein causes pore formation in membranes.
		This positively charged, amphipathic helix (amino acids 828 to 848) of the envelope protein is located within virions or cytoplasm.
		We studied the interaction of the isolated, synthetic amphipathic helix of gp41 with planar phospholipid bilayer membranes and with Sf9 cells using voltage clamp, potentiodynamic, and single-cell recording techniques.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1995/jan/M9510425.html (499 words)

	Insights on the Interactions of Synthetic Amphipathic Peptides with Model Membranes as Revealed by ^sup 31^P and ^sup ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		We studied the interaction between synthetic amphipathic peptides and model membranes by solid-state NMR and infrared spectroscopies.
		To shed light on their membrane interaction, ^sup 31^P and ^sup 2^H solid-state NMR experiments were performed on both peptides in interaction with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles in the absence and presence of cholesterol, dimyristoylphosphatidyl-glycerol vesicles, and oriented bicelles.
		Many natural antimicrobial peptides have been extensively studied (e.g., melittin, cecropin, magainin, gramicidin, etc.), and these studies have demonstrated that the lipidic membrane of prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic cells seems to be the primary or final target of such peptides.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3938/is_200606/ai_n16452357 (741 words)

	Amazon.com: The Amphipathic Helix: Books: Richard M. Epand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Amphipathic Helix is a comprehensive volume discussing amphipathic helices in systems as diverse as serum lipoproteins, lung surfactant, cytotoxic peptides, ion channels, mitochondrial targeting, peptide hormones, G proteins, T-cell recognition, DNA binding proteins, and antifreeze proteins.
		The book also includes general introductory material that defines amphipathic helices, discusses methods to identify amphipathic helical segments from the amino acid sequence of a protein, illustrates how amphipathic helices can be used in the de novo design of peptide and protein structures, and describes how these helices stabilize protein structures.
		An amphipathic a helix in its native state exhibits a periodicity in hydrophobicity of approximately 3.6 residues per turn.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0849349265?v=glance (609 words)

	Amphipathic Helices from Aromatic Amino Acid Oligomers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In particular, oligoamides of aromatic amino acids are attractive targets, as their folding is highly predictable and stable.
		Here the design and synthesis of new amphipathic helical oligoamides based on quinoline-derived amino acids having either hydrophobic or cationic side chains are described.
		In particular, amphipathic helices are versatile targets to explore due to their importance in a variety of biological processes, and the unique structure and properties of the quinoline-derived oligoamides may allow new structure-activity relationships to be developed.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/joceah/asap/abs/jo0603577.html (220 words)

	De Novo Design of Potent Antimicrobial Peptides -- Frecer et al. 48 (9): 3349 -- Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
		The ß-hairpin supersecondary structure of V4 was induced by the amphipathic LA counterpart.
		increase with the increasing amphipathicities of the molecules
		Dissociation of antimicrobial and haemolytic activities in cyclic peptide diastereomers by systematic alterations in amphipathicity.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/48/9/3349 (5603 words)

	Amphipathic Helix-Dependent Localization of NS5A Mediates Hepatitis C Virus RNA Replication -- Elazar et al. 77 (10): ...
		Hydrophobic amino acids in the amphipathic helix are shaded in green.
		Disrupting the amphipathic nature of the 5A helix impairs replication of HCV subgenomic replicons.
		An amino-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix mediates membrane association of the hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/77/10/6055 (4662 words)

	Only the Two End Helixes of Eight Tandem Amphipathic Helical Domains of Human Apo A-I Have Significant Lipid Affinity : ...
		The figure is a two-dimensional representation of a helical wheel of a class A amphipathic helix with the hydrophobic face oriented toward the top of the page.
		Amphipathic helixes are represented in helical wheel projection showing a single Lys and Leu in each.
		On the HDL particle, the amphipathic helical domains are stabilized by salt-bridge interactions between the adjacent helixes.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/16/2/328 (5797 words)

	I-sites - Applications - Center for Bioinformatics - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
		However, there are clearly two extremes among the patterns: amphipathic and hydrophobic.
		If there were three non-polar residues in a row, the cluster was placed in the hydrophobic set; if the middle position preferred polar or had no preference, it was called amphipathic.
		Amphipathic beta-strand: The amphipathic beta-strand clusters have a 1-3 pattern of conserved non-polar sidechains, followed by a different set of conserved residues for each individual cluster in the motif.
	www.bioinfo.rpi.edu /~bystrc/Isites/amph_beta.html (268 words)

	Oxyopinins, Large Amphipathic Peptides Isolated from the Venom of the Wolf Spider Oxyopes kitabensis with Cytolytic ...
		Oxyopinins, Large Amphipathic Peptides Isolated from the Venom of the Wolf Spider Oxyopes kitabensis with Cytolytic Properties and Positive Insecticidal Cooperativity with Spider Neurotoxins -- Corzo et al.
		Five amphipathic peptides with antimicrobial, hemolytic, and insecticidal activity were isolated from the crude venom of the
		The sequences compared are: esculentin 1 from Rana esculenta (24); cecropin A from Hyalophora cecropia (3); sarcotoxin IA from Sarcohaga peregrina (4); dermaseptin from Phyllomedusa sauvagii (23), pandinins from P.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/277/26/23627 (6434 words)

	AEGiS-04CROI: Amphipathic domains in the C-terminus of the transmembrane protein (gp41) permeabilize HIV-1 virions: a ...
		AEGiS-04CROI: Amphipathic domains in the C-terminus of the transmembrane protein (gp41) permeabilize HIV-1 virions: a molecular mechanism underlying natural endogenous reverse transcription.
		Amphipathic domains in the C-terminus of the transmembrane protein (gp41) permeabilize HIV-1 virions: a molecular mechanism underlying natural endogenous reverse transcription.
		In this report, we demonstrate that the amphipathic domains in the C-terminus of the transmembrane glycoprotein (gp41) account for the natural permeability of the HIV-1 envelope to deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), the substrates for DNA polymerization.
	www.aegis.com /conferences/CROI/1997/45.html (299 words)

	Deuterium/Hydrogen Exchange Factors Measured by Solution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as Indicators of the ...
		The temperature dependencies of the average exchange factors of the amphipathic and hydrophobic helices are shown in Fig.
		Residues on the hydrophobic side of the amphipathic helix have a mean exchange factor of 0.7.
		are observed for the amphipathic helix and the loop.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/82/4/2176 (4104 words)

	An N-Terminal Amphipathic Helix in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) NS4B Mediates Membrane Association, Correct Localization of ...
		Note the speckle-like staining pattern (indicated by arrowheads) readily apparent for all three proteins expressed off of the replicon with the intact AH and its absence when the proteins are expressed in the context of the replication-deficient amphipathic helix mutant replicon.
		The hydrophobic face of the helix is shaded in green; amino acids mutated to disrupt the hydrophobic face are indicated in red.
		Note that although there are differences in particular amino acids (shown in red) compared to a reference sequence (A), the amphipathic nature of the helix (indicated by the continuous band of hydrophobic amino acids shaded in green) is conserved.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/78/20/11393 (5266 words)

	Initial structural and dynamic characterization of the M2 protein transmembrane and amphipathic helices in lipid ...
		Initial structural and dynamic characterization of the M2 protein transmembrane and amphipathic helices in lipid bilayers -- Tian et al.
		Comparison of helical and PISA wheels for a tilt angle of 80° and for the amphipathic protein helical segment of M2 protein (Arg45–Gly62).
		The hydrophilic residues of the amphipathic helix are capable of "snorkeling" well into the hydrophilic head group region of the lipid bilayer.
	www.proteinscience.org /cgi/content/full/12/11/2597 (5941 words)

	Albumin is not an irreplaceable carrier for amphipathic mediators of thermoregulatory responses to LPS: compensatory ...
		Albumin is not an irreplaceable carrier for amphipathic mediators of thermoregulatory responses to LPS: compensatory role of {alpha}1-acid glycoprotein -- Ivanov et al.
		amphipathic mediators by albumin is not indispensable for LPS
		Effects of binding of amphipathic compounds to carrier proteins on their enzymatic biotransformation by membrane-bound enzymes.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/288/4/R872 (4780 words)

	Interfacial properties of amphipathic {beta} strand consensus peptides of apolipoprotein B at oil/water interfaces -- ...
		Interfacial properties of amphipathic ß strand consensus peptides of apolipoprotein B at oil/water interfaces
		Extended putative amphipathic ß strands (AßSs) in the sequence of apolipoprotein B (apoB-32 to apoB-41).
		The first beta sheet region of apoB(apoB21–41) is a amphipathic ribbon 50–60Å wide and 200Å long which initiates triglyceride binding and assembly of nascent lipoproteins.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/45/9/1704 (5999 words)

	OU-COM Department of Biomedical Sciences -- Jack Blazyk
		Two shortcomings of these natural compounds, however, are that (1) very high peptide concentrations are needed for antimicrobial efficacy and (2) the difference in toxicity (therapeutic index) between target and host cells is not sufficiently high for systemic use.
		A common feature of these peptides is their capacity to form an amphipathic alpha-helix (with polar and nonpolar groups on opposite faces of the helix), a structural feature believed to be important in their function as antimicrobial agents.
		In nearly all cases, the strategy employed in enhancing activity involved increasing the amphipathic alpha-helical character of the peptide.
	www.oucom.ohiou.edu /dbms-blazyk/research_new.htm (549 words)

	Targeting of Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I by Synthetic Amphipathic {alpha}-Helical-containing Peptides Blocks ...
		THP-1 cells were incubated with 10 ng/ml 0111:B4 LPS in the presence or absence of various concentrations of L-37pA, D-37pA, L2D-37pA, or L-18pA for 24 h.
		THP-1 cells were incubated with 10 ng/ml 0111:B4 LPS in the presence or absence of 10 µg/ml L-37pA or L2D-37pA for 24 h.
		Amphipathic peptides containing a double helix do not neutralize LPS as measured by a chromogenic LAL assay.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/279/34/36072 (6418 words)

	ABCA1 and amphipathic apolipoproteins form high-affinity molecular complexes required for cholesterol efflux -- ...
		structural motif of an amphipathic helix in the acceptor.
		I-apoA-I alone or in the presence of a 30-fold molar excess of the indicated unlabeled apolipoproteins, annexin-V (an-V), an 18 amino acid amphipathic peptide (18A), or an 18-amino acid peptide of identical sequence that was scrambled to eliminate the amphipathic structure (18S).
		amphipathic helix itself appears to be the structural element
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/45/2/287 (5133 words)

	Amphipathic \| English \| Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
		Amphipathic in 13 languages, encyclopedia term for Amphipathic.
		A molecule that has both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic part.
		Amphipathic to French Amphipathic to Italian Amphipathic to Spanish Amphipathic to Dutch Amphipathic to German Amphipathic to Russian Amphipathic to Japanese Amphipathic to Hebrew Amphipathic to Additional
	www.babylon.com /definition/Amphipathic/English (166 words)

	Membrane-destabilizing activity of rotavirus NSP4 is mediated by a membrane-proximal amphipathic domain -- Browne et ...
		Membrane-destabilizing activity of rotavirus NSP4 is mediated by a membrane-proximal amphipathic domain -- Browne et al.
		The position of the region predicted to form an amphipathic structure is indicated (+++).
		Epand, R. M., Shai, Y., Segrest, J. and Anantharamaiah, G. Mechanisms for the modulation of membrane bilayer properties by amphipathic helical peptides.
	vir.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/81/8/1955 (2385 words)

	Site-Specific Tryptophan Dynamics in Class A Amphipathic Helical Peptides at a Phospholipid Bilayer Interface -- ...
		The structure and orientation of class A amphipathic peptides on a phospholipid bilayer surface.
		Tryptophan rotamer distributions in amphipathic peptides at a lipid surface.
		Oriented circular dichroism of a Class A amphipathic helix in aligned phospholipid multilayers.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/79/2/1066 (4139 words)

	InterPro: IPR003822 Paired amphipathic helix (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This family contains the paired amphipathic helix (PAH) repeat.
		Q60520 Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3a (Transcriptional corepressor Sin3a) (Histone deacetylase complex subunit Sin3a)
		Clark I. Herskowitz I. Nicholson P.R. Stillman D.J. Wang H. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SIN3 gene, a negative regulator of HO, contains four paired amphipathic helix motifs.
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR003822 (3127 words)

	Solution to Problem set for September 9, 2002 lecture on Protein Structure and Function
		Such helices are often termed amphipathic because the surface side is hydrophilic and the interior side is hydrophobic.
		A simple way to decide whether a sequence of amino acids might form an amphipathic helix is to arrange the amino acids around what is known as a 'helix-wheel projection'.
		Small proteins may have only or two amino acid side chains that are totally inaccessible to solvent.
	lifesci.rutgers.edu /~liu/SolutionPosted.htm (5297 words)

	Suppression of Human Prostate Tumor Growth in Mice by a Cytolytic D-, L-Amino Acid Peptide: Membrane Lysis, Increased ...
		Peptide-induced calcein leakage resulted in an increase of fluorescence and was monitored at room temperature.
		The results of four independent experiments were averaged with SD not exceeding 10%.
		Papo N, Shai Y. New lytic peptides based on the D, L amphipathic helix motif preferentially kill tumor cells compared with nornal cells.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/64/16/5779 (4301 words)

	amphipathic - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 10 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word amphipathic:
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		amphipathic : Stedman's Online Medical Dictionary, 27th Edition [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=amphipathic (103 words)

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