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Topic: Anadenanthera peregrina

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	Maya Ethnobotanicals - View Herb -> Anadenanthera sp. (Yopo / Vilca)
		Anadenanthera is one of the four most widely used types of psychoactive substance in traditional South American Indian cultures, along with tobacco, ayahuasca and Virola species.
		Anadenanthera is a beautiful delicate fern-leaved tree with spreading branches, white puff-ball flowers and dark leather brown pods with half inch diameter fl pip seeds.
		Anadenanthera peregrina is a species that occurs naturally and cultivated in the open plains or llanos region of the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela, in savannahs and light forests in British Guiana and in Brazil in the open grasslands.
	www.maya-ethnobotanicals.com /product_info.phtml/herbid_246 (994 words)

	Yopo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Yopo, Anadenanthera peregrina, (also known as Cohoba, Nopo, Ñopo), is a native South American tree as well as an entheogen used in healing and rituals.
		The usage complex of Yopo is almost identical to that of a related tree, Anadenanthera colubrina, commonly known as Cebíl or Vilca.
		The beans of Anadenanthera colubrina have a similar chemical makeup as Anadenanthera peregrina, with their primary constituent being 5-OH-DMT or Bufotenin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anadenanthera_peregrina (294 words)

	Anadenanthera - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Anadenanthera (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		See text Anadenanthera is a genus of South American trees from of the Legume family, Fabaceae.
		Anadenanthera is a genus of South American trees from of the Legume family, Fabaceae.
		These trees are known to the western world primarily as sources of the hallucinogenic snuffs Vilca/Cebil and Yopo/Cohoba.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Anadenanthera.html (135 words)

	ayahuasca home page - documents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Anadenanthera peregrina is a mimosa-like tree, mainly of open grasslands, attaining a height of 65 ft (20 m) and with a trunk 2 ft (60 cm) in diameter.
		A potent hallucinogenic snuff is made from the beans of Anadenanthera peregrina in the Orinoco basin, where it is called Yopo.
		Anadenanthera peregrina occurs naturally and sometimes apparently cultivated in the plains or grassland areas of the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela, in light forests in southern British Guiana, and in the Rio Branco area of the northern Amazonia of Brazil.
	www.ayahuasca.com /cgi-bin/viewdocument.pl?rowid=353 (1351 words)

	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1969 Issue 4 - 003
		If Anadenanthera peregrina is found elsewhere, it occurs as a rare tree or two brought in and cultivated by recently migrated Indian tribes.
		As a consequence of the comparatively restricted distribution of Anadenanthera peregrina, the use of a snuff prepared from its beans obviously must be much more restricted than the literature would indicate.
		Anadenanthera peregrina is a beautiful, medium-sized tree with a thick, corky bark.
	www.unodc.org /unodc/en/bulletin/bulletin_1969-01-01_4_page004.html (7060 words)

	See the fresh stock of Anadenanthera colubrina seeds and pods we have for sale. Quality items like this are why we are ...
		The active principals of Anadenanthera belong to both open-chained and ring tryptamine derivatives and, therefore, to the important class of indole alkaloids.
		Anadenanthera is frequently referred to as Piptadenia in the literature.
		The active principals of Anadenanthera pods belong to both open-chained and ring tryptamine derivatives as well and, therefore, to the important class of indole alkaloids also.
	www.salvialight.com /new/anadenanthera_colubrina_seeds_pods.htm (375 words)

	Entheology.org
		Anadenanthera snuffs are often known as paricá, a word I avoid, being a generic term for South American shamanic snuffs, also applied to those derived from barks of diverse Virola species (Myristicaceae), which are the subject of my third paper (Ott In press; see also de Smet 1985a, b).
		There are various reports of oral ingestion of Anadenanthera seeds, whether as a simple masticatory or as an additive to alcoholic chichas, ranging from the Peruvian montaña to central Argentina, and from the epoch of the conquest to the twentieth century.
		Both species of Anadenanthera used as snuffs have also reportedly been used as fumatories, especially cebíl seeds, which presently in the Chaco are more commonly smoked than snuffed (generally with tobacco); shamans assert they are more active thus (Torres and Repke 1996), which I and others in my presence have verified.
	www.entheology.org /edoto/anmviewer.asp?a=9&print=yes (4717 words)

	Erowid Anadenanthera Vault : Images (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Note that these seeds were previously mis-identified as Anadenanthera genus seeds, which they are not.
		Color photo of a small pile of Anadenanthera peregrina (yopo) seeds.
		Close-up color photo of five Anadenanthera peregrina seeds from Guyana.
	www.erowid.org /plants/anadenanthera/anadenanthera_images.shtml (362 words)

	Anadenanthera - Yopo, Cebil, Villca
		YOPO or PARICA (Anadenanthera peregrina or Piptadenia peregrina) is a South American tree of the bean family, Leguminosae.
		VILCA and CEBIL are snuffs believed to have been prepared in the past from the beans of Anadenanthera colubrina and its variety cébil in central and southern South America, where A. peregrine does not occur.
		Bufotenine, also present in A. peregrina seeds, apparently is not hallucinogenic.
	www.v72.org /sacred_anadenanthera.htm (617 words)

	Anadenanthera species
		The seeds, or more correctly, beans, of two distinct species of Anadenanthera trees are used for their psychoactive effects in Southern and Central America.
		The first, A. peregrina, is known under the names Yopo and Cohoba (amongst others).
		When the softened seeds begin to grow fl, they are kneaded like a paste, mixed with some flour of cassava and lime from the shell of a helix [snail], and the whole mass is exposed to a very brisk fire, on a grate of hard wood.
	www.plot55.com /usage/anadenanthera.html (706 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		This study intended to evaluate the effects of dual inoculation with Rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Anadenanthera peregrina and its contribution to intercropped native species (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr.
		The plants of Anadenanthera peregrina which were inoculated with rhizobia strain BHICB-A 10 and associated with AM, showed a significant increase in height and total nitrogen content over that uninoculated plants.
		In plots where A. peregrina was inoculated, growth and Survival of intercropped plants as Myracrodruon urundeuva, were favoured.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/latest04/04_6scott1.htm (219 words)

	Hallucogens And Culture
		The mystery was cleared up when several species of Virola, a tree belonging not, like Anadenanthera, to the Leguminoseae (pea family) but, like nutmeg, to the Myristicaceae, were confirmed as source of some of the snuffs once attributed solely to A.
		The principal hallucinogenic alkaloids in both Anadenanthera (peregrina and colubrina) and in the several species of Virola (V. theidora, V. callophylla, V. callophylloidea) are tryptamines, as they are also in one species of Banisteriopsis, and in the sacred mushrooms and other ritual hallucinogens of Mexico.
		peregrina and colubrina, bufotenine (5‑hydroxy‑N, N‑dimethyltryptamine) is present in large amounts, and for a time the central nervous activity of Anadenanthera snuffs was thought to be due mainly to this alkaloid, which these leguminous trees share with the toad (Bufo spp.).
	www.sunrisedancer.com /radicalreader/library/hallucogensandculture/hallucogensandculture13.asp (2672 words)

	Shamanic Extracts - Anadenanthera Peregrina (Yopo) seeds
		Most Anandenanthera peregrina on the market is in fact Anadenanthera colubrina.
		This species is virtually identical to Anadenanthera colubrina in all aspects including foliage, seeds and habit.
		Their influence on art and culture and the uncanny resemblance in chemistry between that of plant and mammal must be explored.
	www.shamanic-extracts.com /xcart/customer/product.php?productid=16290 (696 words)

	Hawaiian Salvia Divinorum, Mimosa Hostilis, Extracts, Rooted Plant, Dried Leaves for Sale (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The genus Anadenanthera, a member of the leguminosae family, has been used for its psychoactive effects for approximetaly 4,500 years.
		It is used in the Orinoco basin, where it must be cultivated by Shamans because it is not native to this area.
		Anadenanthera peregrina is made into a snuff, under the name Yopo.
	www.xtremebotanicals.com /index.php?page=out&id=22&PHPSESSID=995c41242274c39505c1319b6aa85f16 (174 words)

	DR1 Forums - For any dead heads who survived and live here
		We are unaware of any cases in which an individual has been prosecuted after doing a home extraction of an Anadenanthera plant, although it seems possible that a few such cases might exist.
		Large scale (especially commercial) extraction of DMT from Anadenanthera species falls into the realm of "clearly illegal" and would very likely be prosecuted.
		It is also quite possible that importation of DMT containing Anadenanthera species into the United States could result in problems with customs, especially if large volumes are imported.
	www.dr1.com /forums/printthread.php?t=36999 (614 words)

	Bufo alvarius - Jonathan Ott on Bufotenine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Nopo and yopo are generic terms mostly applicable scientifically to snuffs derived from ground seeds of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg.
		De Smet (1985b; 1983) has extensively reviewed the evidence for shamanic enema-injection, which is strong and incontrovertible in the case of infusions of Anadenanthera seeds and leaves; accordingly I resolved to bioassay intrarectal bufotenine.
		Stromberg, V.L. The isolation of bufotenine from Piptadenia peregrina.
	www.bufoalvarius.org /ott.htm (4911 words)

	Pharmanopo-Psychonautics
		In spite of bufotenine's Schedule I-status in the United States, no laws were violated, neither technically nor de facto, in the course of this research-evidently only in the U.S. is bufotenine illicit; all chemical and psychonautic work was conducted in countries in which bufotenine is not a controlled substance.
		Cebil-seed snuff was prepared by lightly toasting, then triturating to a coarse powder, freshly collected seeds (with addition of reagent-grade sodium bicarbonate as a drying agent to facilitate finer pulverization, and in emulation of shamanic use of ashes or lime in Anadenanthera snuffs).
		I think my evidence, although it of course requires further confirmation by others, is conclusive and consistent-there is no reason to look beyond bufotenine, by far their major tryptamine, for the psychoptic agent of shamanic Anadenanthera preparations, whether snuffed, smoked, swallowed, sucked or inserted rectally.
	www.tacethno.com /info/bufotenine/pharmanopo.html (4827 words)

	Anadenanthera Peregrina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Our goal is to pass on the knowledge about anadenanthera peregrina on to new people.
		anadenanthera peregrina were and still are used for religious ceremonies, not for recreation, by many cultures and indigenous peoples.
		Amazing powers of anadenanthera peregrina that have been used for centuries and are in fact the science.
	www.shamanic-extracts.com /resources/20/ethnobotanicals193.html (269 words)

	Golden Guide (Pages 81-90) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The genus Mimosa, closely allied to Acacia and Anadenanthera, comprises some 500 species of tropical and subtropical herbs and small shrubs.
		The mimosas belong to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the bean family, Leguminosae.
		A yopo tree (Anadenanthera peregrina) in Amazonian Brazil.
	www.zauberpilz.com /golden/g81-90.htm (1346 words)

	Lycaeum > Leda > Anadenanthera
		Lycaeum > Leda > Taxonomy > Eukaryota > Plantae > Tracheophyta > Angiospermae > Dicotyledonae > Fabales > Fabaceae (Leguminosae) > Mimosoideae > Anadenanthera
		A color illustration of A. peregrina from "Plants of the Gods"
		A nice shot of the leaves of A. peregrina
	leda.lycaeum.org /?ID=78 (250 words)

	Anadenanthera peregrina
		Anadenanthera peregrina requires poor and relatively dry soils and is less cold tolerant
		Easily confused with Anadenanthera colubrina and employed in exactly the same way.
		Traditionally the ripe seeds are toasted, ground to a fine powder and mixed with lime
	www.cannapee.ch /shopfactory/de-ch/p_376.html (57 words)

	Buy Anadenanthera Colubrina (Yopi, Yopo) Information and order site
		Archaeological remains of Anadenanthera colubrina have been found all throuhout South America and the West Indies.
		It is estimated as much as 20% of the Maya were regular Yopo users.
		The Anadenanthera colubrina trees grow in open plain areas.
	www.herbalfire.com /yopo.htm (212 words)

	Tomas: The Lab Monkey: Psychoactive plants in Buenos Aires
		In first place, it seems to be psychedelic only (if at all) at doses close to neurotoxic levels, and in second place the somatic effects are very unpleasant (nausea and suffocation).
		On the other hand, if it turned out to be Anadenanthera peregrina (Yopo or Cohoba), it should contain mainly 5-MeO-DMT and DMT, and that's a different story.
		Other plants in the census that may be psychoactive are cestrum nocturnum (with scopolamine and atropine), and the acacias (some contain tryptamines).
	tomasmono.blogspot.com /2005/03/psychoactive-plants-in-buenos-aires.html (271 words)

	Anadenanthera peregrina--Yopo Seed for Sale to buy. : Bouncing Bear Botanicals
		We are proud to offer Anadenanthera peregrina seeds.
		Anadenanthera Colubrina was traditionally used in shamanism by the Indians of the Southern region of the Andes.
		It is made into a snuff, under the name Yopo.
	www.bouncingbearbotanicals.com /yopo-p-222.html (222 words)

	Shamanic Extracts - Yopo
		This intimate mixture is then often left to sit for a few days as the freebasing reactions is slow to proceed and is accellerated by moisture from the air.
		Anadenanthera Peregrina (Yopo) seeds in more details >>
		Anadenanthera colubrina (Cebil), a rare species that has been held as entheogenic for many centuries.
	www.shamanic-extracts.com /xcart/customer/home.php?cat=309 (268 words)

	ShamanHut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The seeds were made into a snuff called Cebil or Vilca.
		Anadenanthera peregrina requires poor and relatively dry soils and is less cold tolerant than it's cousing A. colubrina.
		Notify me of updates to Anadenanthera peregrina "Yopo" (10 Seeds)
	shamanhut.com /product_info.php?products_id=36&... (214 words)

	DMT article: 2. DMT Usage
		Stafford [108] mentions that the "Spanish friar Ramón Paul, who accompanied Columbus on his second voyage to the New World, was the first to record native use of...
		Subsequently it was found that DMT occurred in nature, in the plant Anadenanthera peregrina (1955) and in the plant Mimosa hostilis (1959 though first isolated in 1946).
		I became interested in the possibility of hallucinogenic action of alkylated tryptamine derivatives in 1955, when I read about the chemical analysis of a snuff powder prepared by Haitian natives from Piptadenia peregrina seeds which they used in religious ceremonies to produce mystical states of mind which enabled them to communicate with their gods.
	www.serendipity.li /dmt/dmtart02.html (1759 words)

	Plant Profile for Anadenanthera peregrina (cohoba tree) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		View 200 genera in Fabaceae, 1 species in Anadenanthera
		Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report.
		USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
	plants.usda.gov /cgi_bin/plant_profile.cgi?symbol=ANPE13 (168 words)

	Nodule Ultrastructure and Initial Growth of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. var. falcata (Benth.) Altschul Plants ...
		The anatomy and ultrastructure of root nodules of Anadenanthera
		Key words: Nodule anatomy, nodule ultrastructure, Anadenanthera peregrina Var.
		Estrutura e desenvolvimento de nódulos radiculares de Anadenanthera falcata Speg.
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/90/2/175 (3447 words)

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