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	Anaerobic organism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An anaerobic organism or anaerobe is any organism that does not require oxygen for growth.
		Anaerobic bacteria and archaea use these and many other fermentative pathways, e.g., propionic acid fermentation, butyric acid fermentation, solvent fermentation, mixed acid fermentation, butanediol fermentation, Stickland fermentation, acetogenesis or methanogenesis.
		Some anaerobic bacteria produce toxins (e.g., tetanus or botulinum toxins) that are highly dangerous to higher organisms, including humans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anaerobic_organism (336 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Anaerobic infections
		Anaerobic bacteria can cause an infection when a normal barrier (such as skin, gums, or intestinal wall) is damaged due to surgery, injury, or disease.
		Anaerobic bacteria are common causes of diabetic skin ulcers, gangrene, destructive infection of the deep skin and tissues (necrotizing fascitis), and bite wound infections.
		This foul smell is produced by anaerobic bacteria and occurs in one third to one half of patients late in the infection.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0000/ai_2601000065 (1055 words)

	Chapter 1
		Anaerobic decomposition takes place in nature, as in the decomposition of the organic muds at the bottom of marshes and in buried organic materials to which oxygen does not have access.
		Bacteria likely to be found in a compost heap are aerobic bacteria that specialize in breaking down organic compounds and thrive in temperatures ranging up to 170°F (77°C).
		The reason bacteria tend to die rapidly as actinomycete populations grow in the compost pile is that actinomycetes have the ability to produce antibiotics, chemical substances that inhibit bacterial growth.
	aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu /extension/compost/chapter1.html (5727 words)

	Isolation and Identification of Anaerobic Bacteria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The anaerobic bacteria to be enriched for in this project was isolated from a sample of mud from the edge of a pond located in Winter Park, FL.
		Each grid square on the anaerobic agar was then inoculated with a different organism from each of the streak plates (pinoculated and incubated previously) using a sterile toothpick and each equivalent square on the nutrient agar plate was inoculated with the same organism as that of the anaerobic agar plate.
		A streak-plate inoculation of the anaerobic bacteria was prepared to obtain a pure culture as seen in figure 5.
	web.rollins.edu /~ddrumm/micro/anaerobe.html (879 words)

	Bacteria
		Bacteria are the smallest living organisms and the most numerous in compost; they make up 80 to 90% of the billions of microorganisms typically found in a gram of compost.
		Bacteria are responsible for most of the decomposition and heat generation in compost.
		But those anaerobic metabolites do not escape the worm bin, since as the alcohols, phenols, terpenes, and volatile organic acids volatilize upwards, they pass through the aerobic areas of the worm bin and are consumed by aerobic organisms.
	www.happydranch.com /invertebrates/bacteria.html (737 words)

	Infection With Anaerobic Bacteria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is often the case that anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobes are both present in infected tissue.
		These anaerobic bacteria are good things to have in a colon but bad things to have in a wound (infection),a brain or a lung (abscess).
		Infection with anaerobes like these is generally endogenous (infection with persons own normal flora), often consists of multiple species of anaerobic bacteria mixed together often with some facultative anaerobes also.
	www.nuigalway.ie /bac/anaerobes.htm (1241 words)

	Medmicro Chapter 20
		Anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli are common elements of the mucous membrane flora throughout the body; they often act as secondary pathogens.
		Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli may cause infections anywhere in the body; the most common types are oral and dental, pleuropulmonary, intra-abdominal, female genital tract and skin, soft tissue and bone infections (Table 20-1).
		Anaerobic bacteremia following dental manipulation may be managed effectively by administering an antibacterial agent 1 hour before the manipulation and continuing for a limited period (12 to 24 hours) afterward.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch020.htm (4163 words)

	Recovery of Anaerobic Bacteria From Four Children With Postthoracotomy Sternal Wound Infection -- Brook 108 (1): 17 -- ...
		Prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the role of anaerobic bacteria in PTSWI in children.
		Brook I The aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of neonatal breast abscess.
		Brook I, Finegold SM Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cutaneous abscesses in children.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/108/1/e17 (1117 words)

	Susceptibility Testing, Anaerobic Bacteria
		Anaerobic infections are frequently mixed involving aerobic and anaerobic flora, thus, the predictive value of an anaerobic susceptibility test for a successful clinical outcome may be limited by the complexity of the clinical infection.
		Anaerobe isolate from patient is not available or fails to give adequate growth for susceptibility testing.
		Infections involving anaerobes frequently contain mixed flora and appropriate drainage rather than antimicrobial therapy seems to be the most crucial factor in the successful treatment of these infections.
	www.labcorp.com /datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/mb013500.htm (538 words)

	Ch05
		By separating the bacteria from the effluent stream and keeping them in the reactor, he was able to reduce the retention time for efficient treatment down to as low as 2 days in the laboratory scale treatment of several different wastewaters from the fermentation industry.
		The sediments of hypersaline water bodies are generally anaerobic, partly as a result of biological activity in the sediments and the overlaying water, and also because of the limited solubility of oxygen in hypersaline brine.
		The biology of anaerobic hypersaline environments has been relatively little studied, though it is curious to note that the first bacteria ever isolated from the hypersaline environment (though not halophilic ones), Clostridia, causing tetanus and gas gangrene, was isolated by Lortet from Dead Sea mat in the end of the 19th Century (Oren 1983).
	www.fao.org /docrep/t0541e/T0541E05.htm (6258 words)

	Medmicro Chapter 4
		In these bacteria, propionate is formed by the partial reversal of the Krebs cycle reactions and involves a CO fixation by pyruvate (the Wood-Werkman reaction) that forms oxaloacetate (a four-carbon intermediate).
		Bacteria that grow solely at the expense of inorganic compounds (mineral ions), without using sunlight as an energy source, are called autotrophs, chemotrophs, chemoautotrophs, or chemolithotrophs.
		Note that all autotrophic and phototrophic bacteria possess essentially the same organic cellular constituents found in heterotrophic bacteria; from a nutritional viewpoint, however, the autotrophic mode of metabolism is unique, occurring only in bacteria.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch004.htm (5805 words)

	Anaerobic Bacteria
		Obligate anaerobes cannot survive in an oxygen environment because they lack sufficient levels of the enzymes that allow them to detoxify the super oxide ion (i.e., peroxidases, catalase, and most importantly, superoxide dismutase).
		Anaerobic infection causes the formation of purulent abscesses. There is tissue breakdown, invasion by PMNs, and finally, the abscess is walled off. However, in the damaged and poorly oxygenated abscess tissue, the phagocytes are not able to eliminate the anaerobes. For this reason, abscesses usually have to be drained.
		Anaerobes are exquisitely sensitive to this drug because it must be reduced to become a toxic compound that inhibits DNA synthesis.
	www.ratsteachmicro.com /Anaerobic_Bacteria_Notes/HCOE_CAI_Review_Notes_Anaerobic_Bacteria.htm (1057 words)

	Reduction of Azo Dyes and Nitroaromatic Compounds by Bacterial Enzymes from the Human Intestinal Tract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Several anaerobic bacteria from the human intestinal tract are capable of reducing azo dyes and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the corresponding aromatic amines with enzymes that have azoreductase and nitroreductase activities.
		Ammonium sulfate-precipitated protein, from the spent culture and cell extract of an overnight culture of anaerobic bacteria, is loaded on a nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel under anaerobic conditions.
		Some of the enzymes involved in electron transfer in anaerobic bacteria that are capable of reducing azo dyes and nitroaromatic compounds may function as azoreductases and nitroreductases.
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /members/1995/Suppl-5/rafii-full.html (2332 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Anaerobic Bacteria, Blood Culture For (Blood Culture for Anaerobic Bacteria)
		Bacteria are tiny organisms that live in the body and the environment.
		Anaerobic bacteria are bacteria that can live and grow without oxygen.
		Some of these bacteria are killed when exposed to oxygen, however others can survive with or without oxygen.
	www.healthopedia.com /anaerobic-bacteria-blood-culture-for (581 words)

	CHEST: A Role for Anaerobic Bacteria in Patients With Ventilatory Acquired Pneumonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		However, it is well known that the concentration of anaerobic bacteria in the oropharynx is higher than that of aerobic bacteria.
		In conclusion, because anaerobic bacteria are numerous in the oropharynx, and because colonized oropharyngeal content leads to nosocomial pneumonia, anaerobes associated with aerobic bacteria should be isolated in patients with VAP or aspiration pneumonia.
		Nosocomial pneumonia with isolation of anaerobic bacteria in ICU patients: therapeutic considerations and outcome.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_4_117/ai_62084123 (509 words)

	A O U - Swede's Dock - Ponds - Anaerobic Bacteria and Lava Rock
		Anaerobic Conditions come about when organic material decays (oxidizing) and "burns up" the available oxygen in that section of water and is not replaced or replenished.
		So for Anaerobic Bacteria to harm pond life, it has to be ingested pretty quickly for it to do damage.
		Bacteria operate on the molecular level (which is pretty small) and I believe "ingest" and "expel" water at that level throughout the interior of the lava rock.
	www.exit109.com /~gosta/pondaner.htm (1896 words)

	Two Cases of Diskitis Attributable to Anaerobic Bacteria in Children -- Brook 107 (2): 26 -- Pediatrics
		of anaerobic bacteria in children with diskitis is reported.
		importance in infections caused by anaerobic bacteria that are
		The origin of the anaerobic bacteria causing the infection in our patient is probably of endogenous nature.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/107/2/e26 (1357 words)

	Biochemistry and Physiology of Anaerobic Bacteria
		During the past twenty years, multitudes of exciting discoveries in the field of anaerobic bacteria have been made.
		Many anaerobes have been found to have the uniquely fascinating quality of being able to survive, indeed even thrive, in extreme environments.
		Anaerobic bacteria often do not require oxygen, can survive extremes in temperature, and can withstand the presence of toxins and heavy metals.
	www.cplpress.com /contents/C916.htm (216 words)

	Anaerobic Bacteria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The ability of anaerobic organisms to grow in and damage body tissues depends on how well the tissues are oxidized.
		When the pad is exposed, the color of the dye indicates whether or not oxygen is present in the jar atmosphere, methylene blue being colorless in the absence of oxygen, blue in its presence.
		Other anaerobic organisms which are of importance are: Veillonella (gram negative cocci) found in the mouth; Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Peptococcus and Sarcina found mainly in the intestines.
	www.bsu.edu /web/00cewarnes/Bio_341/Lab_13.htm (1096 words)

	Re: What is there to know about anaerobic bacteria?
		Anaerobes (literally meaning "without air") are organisms that do not use oxygen to live.
		If the anaerobe dies in the presence of oxygen, it is a strict (obligate) anaerobe.
		On Earth, you'll find anaerobic organisms all over the place, including in your intestinal tract, in oil pockets, and in sediments on the ocean floor.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/feb2000/951185424.Mi.r.html (533 words)

	Anaerobic bacteria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The sensitivity of anaerobes to oxygen may be due to several factors, including the genetic inability to make enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase or various peroxidases.
		The fact that most of the human normal flora is composed of anaerobic bacteria suggests that anaerobic infections might be of medical concern.
		Most of the normal anaerobic flora are not overtly pathogenic; rather, they are considered to be opportunistic.
	www.cehs.siu.edu /fix/medmicro/anaer.htm (278 words)

	In Vitro Activities of Cefminox against Anaerobic Bacteria Compared with Those of Nine Other Compounds -- Hoellman et ...
		Anaerobes are established causes of serious human infections, especially in debilitated hosts.
		All anaerobic strains were recent clinical isolates (1990 to 1996) which were identified by standard procedures (14, 25)
		Susceptibilities of 540 anaerobic gram-negative bacilli to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-BRL 42715, amoxicillin-clavulanate, temafloxacin, and clindamycin.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/42/3/495 (2354 words)

	Obligate Anaerobic Bacteria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		All are strict anaerobes; ferment sugars and produce acids
		Ecological- metabolic single group; anaerobic respiration of organic acids with sulfate as the terminal electron acceptor (hydrogen sulfide excreted by the cells [not assimilated] is toxic to fish, bad odor & corrodes metal pipes)
		Anaerobic habitats with high organic matter & sulfates (polluted lakes, sewagw digestors, rumen, intestine); physiological types psychrophilic, thermophilic, mesophilic, thermophilic & halophilis.
	trishul.sci.gu.edu.au /courses/ss12bmi/micro_groups/obl_anaerobes.html (139 words)

	Complete report on Stabilized Oxygen
		This fermentation results in an anaerobic environment which upsets the metabolism of the cell and it no longer participates in the healthy functioning of the body.
		Tooth decay and gum disease are caused by anaerobic infectious bacteria.
		resistance to disease, bacteria and viruses." An unfortunate side effect of antibiotic therapy is that it generally is not as selective and kills the good bacteria as well as the bad.
	www.foodreserves.com /stabilizedoxygen.html (5685 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		In order to exploit the ability of anaerobic bacteria to degrade certain contaminants for bioremediation of polluted subsurface environments, the authors need to understand the mechanisms by which such bacteria partition between aqueous and solid phases, as well as the environmental conditions that influence partitioning.
		Adhesion of these organisms was evaluated by microscopic determination of the numbers of cells that attached to glass coverslips exposed to cell suspensions under anaerobic conditions.
		The presence of Fe{sup 3+} on the substratum, which would be electropositive, significantly increased the adhesion of S. wolfei, whereas the presence of silicon hydrophobic groups decreased the numbers of attached cells of all species.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=20005479 (356 words)

	Index to Bacteria Pages
		B033 - Growth conditions; Aerobic vs anaerobic bacteria; media, incubation, and methods.
		B000 - Killing of bacteria by UV, heat, and agents is a logarithmic function; killing curves.
		Instead of spending money on a microscope, it is better to concentrate on isolating bacteria from nature and studying their biochemical traits.
	www.disknet.com /indiana_biolab/b.htm (1636 words)

	Evaluation of the Effects of Storage in Two Different Swab Fabrics and under Three Different Transport Conditions on ...
		Table 1 gives the median recovery levels determined for the aerobic and anaerobic strains at different times of incubation.
		Collee, J. Factors contributing to loss of anaerobic bacteria in transit from the patient to the laboratory.
		Use of an anaerobic collection and transport swab device to recover anaerobic bacteria from infected foot ulcers in diabetics.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/37/9/3041 (1336 words)

	Prostatitis / Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome CP/CPPS Network Home Page
		It also showed the traditional Stamey 4-glass test to be invalid for diagnosis of this disorder, and that inflammation cannot be localized to any particular area of the lower GU tract.
		Bacterial infection, long thought to be a key, ongoing component in chronic prostatitis, was shown to be unimportant in a landmark study from the University of Washington team led by Dr Lee and Prof.
		The study found that one third of both normal men and patients had equal counts of similar bacteria colonizing their prostates.
	www.chronicprostatitis.com (590 words)

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