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	Anaerobic lagoon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anaerobic lagoons are used to dispose of animal waste, particularly that of cows and pigs.
		Anaerobic organisms naturally present in the manure and the environment decompose the waste in the anaerobic conditions of the lagoon.
		Areas with cold winters are inappropriate for anaerobic lagoons because the activity of the microorganisms is highly dependent on temperature.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anaerobic_lagoon (309 words)

	Lagoon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A lagoon is a body of comparatively shallow salt water separated from the deeper sea by a shallow or exposed sandbank, coral reef, or similar feature.
		Lagoon refers to both coastal lagoons formed by the build-up of sandbanks or reefs along shallow coastal waters, and the lagoons in atolls, formed by the growth of coral reefs on slowly sinking central islands.
		In the UK there are lagoons at Montrose, (Scotland) and Tywyn, (Wales), whilst the expanse of water inside Chesil Beach, England, known as the fleet, could also be described as a lagoon.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lagoon (449 words)

	Design & Operation
		Anaerobic lagoons are most often used to treat animal wastes from dairies and pig farms, commercial or industrial wastes, or as the first treatment step in systems using two or more lagoons in a series.
		Lagoons also should be located downgrade and downwind from the homes they serve, when possible, to avoid the extra cost of pumping the wastewater uphill and to prevent odors from becoming a nuisance.
		Partial-mix aerated lagoons are often designed to be deeper than facultative lagoons to allow room for sludge to settle on the bottom and rest undisturbed by the turbulent conditions created by the aeration process.
	www.lagoonsonline.com /desopreg.htm (2696 words)

	North Carolina Animal Waste Operator Certification Program
		Anaerobic lagoons are used in the swine and poultry industry because of their efficiency and cost advantages.
		Lagoon liners are used to reduce the permeability (seepage) of the bottom and sidewalls of the lagoon.
		Drainpipes into the lagoon must have pipe extender on the end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling, or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the liner and minimize odors.
	www.soil.ncsu.edu /certification/Manual/a/chapter2A.htm (7639 words)

	ACES Publications : ANR-0973
		Anaerobic lagoons are larger than manure storage basins, which do not provide significant biological treatment or long storage periods, but smaller than aerobic lagoons.
		Lagoons usually fill to design capacity within 2 to 3 years of start-up with the accumulation of wastes and rainfall on the open lagoon surface.
		To prevent lagoon overflow, excess lagoon liquid should be applied to grassland, cropland, or woodland at rates within the soil infiltration capacity and the fertilizer requirement of the vegetation.
	www.aces.edu /pubs/docs/A/ANR-0973 (3085 words)

	EQ387 Anaerobic Lagoons for Storage/Treatment of Livestock Manure, MU Extension
		Anaerobic lagoons are a useful size and cost compromise between storage basins and aerobic lagoons.
		Lagoons should be filled with water to one-third to one-half of the design volume before manure is introduced into the lagoon.
		An alternative to a one-time removal procedure may be to continue to operate the lagoon with annual applications to the available acreage based on a nutrient management plan and periodically adding water and using agitation and pumping to gradually remove the solids.
	muextension.missouri.edu /explore/envqual/eq0387.htm (4788 words)

	PIER Renewables -- Anaerobic Digestion
		Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a biological process in which biodegradable organic matters are broken-down by bacteria into biogas, which consists of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and other trace amount of gases.
		A cover lagoon is an earthen lagoon fitted with a floating, impermeable cover that collects biogas as it is produced from the organic wastes.
		Larger, centralized anaerobic digestion plants, which utilize animal manure and industry waste in a single facility, are a newer development and most prevalent in Denmark where there are 18 plants (worldwide there are 50 or so, all within Europe).
	www.energy.ca.gov /pier/renewable/biomass/anaerobic_digestion (1665 words)

	eb1642 Livestock Manure Lagoons Protect Water Quality
		Anaerobic lagoons are the most common and practical for livestock manure because it is not necessary to dissolve oxygen in the wastewater.
		A second-stage lagoon is useful for storage of liquid overflow for recirculation and recycling as flush water.
		An alternative design for the second-stage lagoon if treatment is important, is to design the first stage as an anaerobic lagoon that will minimize odors, and size the second storage lagoon to store the overflow manure plus water for the design storage period.
	cru.cahe.wsu.edu /CEPublications/eb1642/eb1642.html (3612 words)

	ACES Publications : ANR-1090
		A lagoon is aerobic when sufficient dissolved or free oxygen is available in the lagoon water to allow aerobic bacteria to flourish.
		These lagoons are generally shallow, 4 to 5 feet deep, have large surface areas, are biologically lightly loaded, i.e., the organic matter added per unit volume of lagoon per unit time is very low.
		Anaerobic lagoons are generally deep, have small surface areas compared to the organic loading rate, and contain anaerobic bacteria that thrive and grow without free oxygen.
	www.aces.edu /pubs/docs/A/ANR-1090 (1483 words)

	Odor Control 13 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Anaerobic microbes dominate the microbial population in deep portions of an anaerobic lagoon.
		Anaerobic lagoons can be used to decompose more organic material per unit volume than aerobic lagoons and at a lower cost.
		Other anaerobic advantages: (1) The long storage periods needed for biological treatment provide the flexibility needed to apply the liquid effluent to cropland before and while the crop is actively growing.
	hubcap.clemson.edu /~blpprt/odor_13.html (585 words)

	Sludge Management & Closure Procedures for Anaerobic Lagoons
		Lagoon design includes consideration of sludge accumulation, and lagoon management should include periodic measurement of the depth of sludge and its removal when accumulation is excessive.
		The relative location of the transducer to the surface of the lagoon liquid should be recorded and the liquid level in the lagoon referenced to a fixed elevation (such as the start/stop pumping marker).
		Samples of sludge or "cores" of the lagoon liquid and the sludge may be extracted for laboratory analysis of nutrient content either at the time of the lagoon survey or when it is determined sludge should be removed.
	www.bae.ncsu.edu /programs/extension/manure/sludge-survey/sludgesurvey.htm (4268 words)

	Anaerobic Digesters
		Anaerobic digestion is a biological process that produces a gas principally composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) otherwise known as biogas.
		Anaerobic processes can be managed in a "digester" (an airtight tank) or a covered lagoon (a pond used to store manure) for waste treatment.
		Covered lagoon digesters and complete mix digesters differ in their methane production characteristics, and energy conversion systems that rely on methane from anaerobic digesters should be chosen according to the end-use objective for the system.
	www.cogeneration.net /anaerobic_digesters.htm (7373 words)

	Lagoons
		Lagoons are one of the most popular methods for wastewater treatment around the world they are also among the simplest and least expensive.
		Lagoon systems use natural and energy-efficient processes to provide low-cost wastewater treatment for many homes and rural communities in the U.S. Lagoons are especially well suited to small communities because they can cost less to construct, operate, and are simpler to maintain than other systems.
		Lagoon bottoms can be both very slick and sticky in places from linings, slime, clay, and sludge, which make it difficult for anyone who has entered a lagoon to get out.
	danpatch.ecn.purdue.edu /~epados/septics/lagoons.htm (4930 words)

	State Water Resources Research Institute Program
		Earthen lagoons are commonly used for storage of the waste and all associated flush water and storm water until land application.
		When waste from a poorly functioning lagoon is land-applied, the risk of surface and groundwater contamination increases because of its high organic content (such waste is also an odor nuisance).
		Anaerobic lagoon design is based in part on organic loading rate, with recommended maximum loadings of approximately 0.07 kg m-3 d-1in Tennessee (range in continental U.S. is 0.04 - 0.096 kg m-3 d-1).
	water.usgs.gov /wrri/99projects/state/Tennessee.html (1645 words)

	v2n12_96 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Anaerobic treatment lagoons are a commonly used approach for managing manure and cleanup water from a livestock production facility.
		A properly designed anaerobic lagoon can also serve as a key odor control measure and deliver an effluent that is easily distributed through conventional irrigation systems.
		While the Facultative Lagoon design requires a treatment volume two to four times larger than other designs, the total volume is not two to four times larger.
	manure.unl.edu /v2n12_96.html (795 words)

	Anaerobic Lagoon Treatment - Products - Lemna Technologies
		Anaerobic Lagoon Treatment - Products - Lemna Technologies
		Anaerobic Treatment Process is a new technology currently under development by our Engineering Department.
		As the product becomes available, check back for details.
	www.lemnatechnologies.com /supportpages/products/anaerobicLagoonTreatment.htm (31 words)

	(TechInfo) CONTROL OF ODORS FROM AN ANAEROBIC LAGOON TREATING... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		(TechInfo) CONTROL OF ODORS FROM AN ANAEROBIC LAGOON TREATING...
		CONTROL OF ODORS FROM AN ANAEROBIC LAGOON TREATING MEAT PACKING WASTES
		This citation is from the TechInfo Database maintained by the Illinois Waste Management and Research Center (WMRC) at the University of Illinois with funding from the USEPA Region V.
	es.epa.gov /p2pubs/techpubs/2/8362.html (49 words)

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