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Topic: Anaesthetic vaporiser

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	Anaesthetic vaporizer - Patent 4607634
		The present invention relates to anaesthetic vaporisers which are devices for mixing the vapour of a volatile liquid anaesthetic agent with a carrier gas (which term is to be understood to include gas mixtures), for subsequent administration to a patient.
		Anaesthetic vaporisers are known in which the carrier gas supplied to the vaporiser is divided into two streams.
		It is an aim of the present invention to provide an anaesthetic vaporiser of the "by-pass" type having a valve arrangement which is simple and economic to manufacture and which is capable of being used in field or emergency applications when skilled personnel may not be present.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4607634.html (1560 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Anaesthetic vaporiser
		An anaesthetic vaporiser is a device generally attached to an anaesthetic machine which delivers a given concentration of a volatile anaesthetic agent.
		By the 1980s, the anaesthetic vaporiser had evolved considerably; subsequent modifications lead to a raft of additional safety features such as temperature compensation, a bimetallic strip, temperature-adjusted splitting ratio and anti-spill measures.
		The internal resistance of the vaporiser is usually high, but because the supply pressure is constant the vaporiser can be accurately calibrated to deliver a precise concentration of volatile anaesthetic vapour over a wide range of fresh gas flows.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Anaesthetic_vaporiser (1289 words)

	Automatic control method for supplying anaesthetic to a low flow-type closed circuit - Patent 6523537
		A closed circuit of anaesthetic is an anaesthetic system based on the re-administration of exhaled gases, from which carbon dioxide has been absorbed, to which oxygen is added and the anaesthetics consumed.
		As is known, the concentration of volatile anaesthetic in an anaesthetic circuit is determined by the anaesthetist as he or she wishes and in accordance with the Minimum Alveolar Concentration (M.A.C.) for each anaesthetic.
		The supply of the quantity of anaesthetic to the circuit is effected, according to the present invention, by means of opening the dial of the anaesthetic vaporiser.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6523537.html (2113 words)

	Desflurane - Drug information from Medic8.com
		Though it vaporises very readily, it is a liquid at room temperature.
		Anaesthetic machines use an unusual anaesthetic vaporiser that heats it to generate a vapour.
		Vapor pressure: 88.5 kPa 672 mmHg (at 20 °C) 107 kPa 804 mmHg (at 24 °C) Blood:Gas partition coefficient : 0.42
	www.medic8.com /medicines/Desflurane.html (290 words)

	[No title]
		Continuous flow anaesthetic machines date back to the first availability of compressed gases, and despite numerous modifications the modern apparatus retains many of the features of the original Boyle's machine, a British Oxygen Company trade name in honour of the British anaesthetist H E G Boyle (1875-1941).
		Anaesthetic gas cylinders are made of molybdenum steel and should be regularly checked by the manufacturer for faults.
		Anaesthetic machines operate at 4-bar, (60psi) pressure and therefore the compressed medical gases in cylinders pass through pressure regulating valves valves to bring the gas pressure to a constant and safe 4-bar pressure.
	website.lineone.net /~trainee.odp/anaesmch.html (1188 words)

	Anaesthetic vaporiser Information
		An anaesthetic vaporiser is a device generally attached to an anaesthetic machine which delivers a given concentration of a volatile anaesthetic agent.
		By the 1980s, the anaesthetic vaporiser had evolved considerably; subsequent modifications lead to a raft of additional safety features such as temperature compensation, a bimetallic strip, temperature-adjusted splitting ratio and anti-spill measures.
		The internal resistance of the vaporiser is usually high, but because the supply pressure is constant the vaporiser can be accurately calibrated to deliver a precise concentration of volatile anaesthetic vapour over a wide range of fresh gas flows.
	www.bookrags.com /Anesthetic_vaporizer (1207 words)

	Anaesthesia UK : Circle system
		The disadvantage is increased anaesthetic and oxygen consumption and atmospheric pollution.
		These arrangements have a low-resistance vaporiser placed in the inspiratory limb of the circle, from which the anaesthetic agent is vaporised by the gases circulated around the system by the patient's breathing.
		Although low-resistance vaporisers are usually relatively inefficient (with the output of, for example, halothane limited to around 2.5% to 3%), the concentration of anaesthetic inspired by the patient may be very much higher than this because the gas entering the vaporiser also contains anaesthetic from previous circulations.
	www.frca.co.uk /article.aspx?articleid=100143 (1792 words)

	anaesthetic agent - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about anaesthetic agent
		A topical substance may be applied to the skin or tissue surface; a local agent may be injected into the tissues under the skin in the area to be treated; or a regional block of sensation may be achieved by injection into a nerve.
		Spinal anaesthetic, such as epidural, is injected into the tissues surrounding the spinal cord, producing loss of feeling in the lower part of the body.
		Less than one in 5,000 patients aged 20–40 may become sensitized to anaesthetics as a result of previously having undergone operations.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /anaesthetic+agent (263 words)

	Anaesthetic Apparatus Maintenance
		Most manufacturers would like you to have a vaporiser serviced once per year but then most vaporisers and their maintenance regimes are designed to comply with the requirements of the human medical field.
		During the service of your anaesthetic machine our engineer will check the performance of your vaporiser within the cost of the service, for any extra vaporisers there is a small additional charge.
		When a vaporiser is serviced, internal components are replaced and once reassembled recalibration takes place using a highly sensitive gas analyser in a controlled environment.
	www.burtons.uk.com /Anaesthetic_Machine_Servicing.htm (749 words)

	Anaesthetic vaporiser invention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		[0002] Many anaesthetic agents used in general anaesthesia are liquids under standard conditions, and are administered as vapours, borne on a flow of carrier gas, such as air, pure oxygen or mixtures of oxygen and gaseous anaesthetics, such as nitrous oxide.
		The carrier gas stream is delivered to the vaporiser by an anaesthetic machine, and is a blend of oxygen, nitrous oxide, and/or air to produce a mixture with exactly the required composition for administration to the patient through a patient breathing circuit.
		A first stream is passed across the liquid anaesthetic in its reservoir to become saturated with anaesthetic vapour, and is then recombined with the second stream which has bypassed the reservoir.
	www.freshpatents.com /Anaesthetic-vaporiser-dt20050623ptan20050133030.php (1622 words)

	Gas administration apparatus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Means are provided for locking each vaporiser in place on the back bar, comprising a rotatable shaft 6 borne by the vaporiser and which extends into a recess 7 in the back bar when the vaporiser is lowered onto the ports 4a,4b.
		Operation of the lock is effective to prevent the vaporiser being displaced from the back bar and also serves to draw the rear portion of the vaporiser tightly down against the backbar, thereby ensuring a gas-tight fit against annular seals 9 provided around the bases of the ports 4a, 4b.
		Furthermore, while the vaporiser at either station is not switched on the corresponding ports 4a and 4b are by-passed by the carrier gas which enables a series connection of the two stations to the carrier gas supply to be effected.
	sacnewsmonthly.com /invent/electrical_contact/gas_administration.html (2664 words)

	Anesthesia Complications information from Wikipedia - WrongDiagnosis.com
		The anaesthetic qualities of nitrous oxide (isolated by Joseph Priestley) were discovered by the British chemist Humphry Davy about 1795 when he was an assistant to Thomas Beddoes, and reported in a paper in 1800.
		It is this type of local anaesthetic agent that is generally used within regional and epidural/spinal techniques namely due to their longer duration of action providing adequate analgesia suitable for surgery, labour and symptomatic relief.
		The vapors in current use are halothane, isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /a/anesthesia_complications/wiki.htm (2325 words)

	HKCA: GUIDELINES FOR CHECKING AN ANAESTHETIC MACHINE
		Because oxygenation and ventilation are essential for every patient and because even a brief failure to maintain them may cause irreparable harm, every machine must be regularly and thoroughly checked to ensure that all functions are correctly maintained.
		1.3 To ensure early detection of any failure in the anaesthetic machine, it is essential that appropriate alarms are present in the machine and that there is monitoring of the state of the patient as specified in College Policy Document P1 Guidelines for monitoring in anaesthesia.
		Ensure vaporisers are turned off and that the breathing system is purged with air or oxygen as appropriate.
	www.hkca.edu.hk /Guidelines/guidet01.htm (1108 words)

	Desflurane
		It has the most rapid onset and offset of the volatile anaesthetic drugs used for general anaesthesia due to its low solubility in blood.
		Though it vaporises very readily, it is a liquid at room temperature.
		Anaesthetic machines include an unusual anaesthetic vaporiser that heats it to generate a gas.
	www.healthvent.com /Anesthetics/Desflurane.php (79 words)

	Rule of thumb for vaporizer settings in Veterinary Practice. Online Journal of Veterinary Research (OJVR) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Fresh gas flow rates for a circle absorber with an out of circle vaporiser may be said to fall between the patients oxygen requirement and minute volume, and the vaporiser setting needs to be such that an adequate inspired concentration of anaesthetic vapour is achieved to produce anaesthesia.
		The commonly quoted value for volatile anaesthetics is the Minimum Alveolar Concentration for Anaesthesia or M A C. The M.A. C is that alveolar concentration at which 50% of patients do not respond to a skin incision and so the MAC is actually an Effective Dose 50.
		As the flow rate increases so the spread of vaporiser settings required narrows until at about 1 litre the spread is almost covered by the accuracy of the vaporiser.
	www.cpb.uokhsc.edu /ojvr/vaporizer1996/vaporizer1996.htm (1664 words)

	The Medicine Journal - April 2002: Pitfalls to avoid when using anaesthetic equipment Continued... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		A variety of anaesthetic ventilators are used in theatre, and the user should familiarise him-/herself with those that he commonly uses.
		Therefore a negative leak test must be performed – a suction bulb is attached to the common gas outlet and with all flowmeters and vaporisers closed, the bulb is squeezed repeatedly until fully collapsed.
		The Aladin vaporiser cassette is checked, but if another cassette is inserted at a later stage it must be checked again by selecting the agent delivery check.
	www.medpharm.co.za /safp/2002/april/pitfall2.html (1506 words)

	GASMAN Chapter 6. HALOTHANE
		She persuaded Des, one of the anaesthetic registrars, to lend her a hand; I was considered far too clumsy and impatient to be trusted.
		It would, for instance, be interesting to compare the action of anaesthetics with that of cytochalasin B (an inhibitor of microfilament function) on uptake and release of transmitters by synaptosomes or brain slices.
		He said at the time that anaesthetics in the past had always "‘turned his stomach", so he was given an epidural, but I see he was also given some Pethidine as a premed, and some more Pethidine intravenously during the operation, which is probably why he was sick afterwards.
	www.johnpowell.net /gasman/6halo.htm (9913 words)

	Using Volatile Anaesthetic Agents (page 1)
		There are a variety of anaesthetic techniques available and various clinical situations demand different techniques of anaesthesia.
		Therefore the concentration of anaesthetic at the brain can be rapidly reduced as long as the patient is breathing adequately.
		It may be used as the sole anaesthetic agent and is capable of producing good abdominal muscle relaxation.
	www.nda.ox.ac.uk /wfsa/html/u05/u05_007.htm (1068 words)

	The Medicine Journal - April 2002: Pitfalls to avoid when using anaesthetic equipment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		39% were related to the breathing circuit, 21% to vaporisers, 17% to ventilators, 11% to gas lines and 7% to the anaesthetic machine.
		Always clinically monitor the effect of the anaesthetic agent on the patient and vary the concentration accordingly and not according to the dial setting.
		Older vaporisers, when tipped, leaked anaesthetic agent from the vaporising chamber into the bypass channel, causing a very high concentration at the start of the anaesthetic.
	www.medpharm.co.za /safp/2002/april/pitfall.html (1093 words)

	Anaesthetic vaporiser (EP0049067A1)
		An anaesthetic vaporiser of the by-pass type has a sump 7 with an outlet flow path comprising a first run 27 leading upwardly, a second run 30 leading downwardly and a third run 32 leading upwardly again.
		A duct 23 connects the lower end of the run 30 with the lower part of the sump and in normal operation is sealed by the sump liquid.
		However, if the vaporiser is displaced such that the liquid flows from the sump into runs 27 or 30 of the outlet flow path the liquidinevitably drains from the duct 23.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=EP00049067A1 (173 words)

	Anaesthesia UK : Introduction to anaesthetic vaporisers
		The purpose of an anaesthetic vaporiser is to produce a controlled and predictable concentration of anaesthetic vapour in the carrier gas passing through the vaporiser.
		Most vaporisers are of the plenum type, which consists of a vaporising chamber containing the liquid anaesthetic, and a bypass.
		Gas passing through the vaporising chamber volatilises the anaesthetic and is then mixed with the anaesthetic-free gas bypassing the chamber, the proportion of vapour-containing gas and bypass gas being controlled by a tap.
	www.frca.co.uk /article.aspx?articleid=100147 (115 words)

	Qwika - similar:Anaesthetic_vaporiser
		An anaesthetic machine An anaesthetic machine (or anesthesia machine in America) is used by anaesthetists to support the administration of anaesthesia.
		The "depth of anaesthesia", is commonly used as a surrogate for "the likliehood of forming memory".
		It gained popularity in the twentieth century as a "more humane" form of execution meant to supplant methods such as electrocution, hanging, firing squad, gas chamber, or decapitation; the actual humaneness of the technique has been debated in recent decade...
	www.qwika.com /rels/Anaesthetic_vaporiser (273 words)

	Document sans nom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		This equipment, whose gas consumption is optimised, can operate with a compressed air station (compressors, oxygen concentrators) or with bottled medical fluids.
		The anaesthesia stations deliver the gaseous mixture that is administered to animals; they include at least one flowmeter which measures the flow of carrier gas delivered to the animal via the anaesthetic vaporiser.
		Anaesthetic gas is administered either by spontaneous inhalation by the animal (using specific respiratory tracts), or mechanically via a respirator.
	www.minerve.com.fr /uk/produits_sousrubriques.php?cat=2 (143 words)

	Veterinary Anesthesia: Stephens Universal Vapouriser
		In contrast to most in circuit vaporisers, an exceptionally wide and constant bore is maintained throughout the mechanism, regardless of the concentration setting on the main control.
		The gauze wick is used to attain a greater rate of vaporisation with the poorly volatile anesthetic agent methoxyflurane.
		As the anesthetic vaporiser is located within the circuit, the mass of anesthetic delivered to the animal (at a particular setting of the vaporiser) changes with the variations in the minute volume of respiration.
	www.compad.com.au /cms/im3vet/pages/Stephens_Universal_Vapouriser/72 (672 words)

	APPGuide Online - Consumer Medicine Information - SUPRANE - CMI
		It is given by your anaesthetist using a vaporiser specifically designed for use with Suprane.
		Suprane is a special mixture of anaesthetic drug used for maintaining heavy sleep during surgery.
		Suprane is washed out quickly from the body via the lungs so that recovery from the anaesthetic is rapid once the drug has been stopped.
	www.appco.com.au /appguide/drug.asp?drug_id=00073254&t=cmi (814 words)

	Gent abstracts part one (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The use of a vaporiser in the circle became possible in the mid 1950's with the advent of halothane.
		The prevailing model of uptake of inhalalation anaesthetics fails to recognise the existence of functional residual capacity and the alveolar membrane, leading to a misunderstanding of the uptake process.
		Assuming a fixed volume of the anaesthetic breathing system for any procedure, the rate of uptake is determined by the interaction between the fresh gas flow rate and the rate of uptake.
	www.alfanaes.freeserve.co.uk /Session982.htm (4286 words)

	[bmelist] FW: Anaesthesia Machine for East Kalimantan
		You will remember hunting up a Halothane vaporiser for me on my last Interplast trip to East Kalimantan, Indonesia in May. Their vaporisers are highly variable in output, and obviously should be serviced and recalibrated.
		The Halothane vaporiser however did not fit on their anaesthetic machines, as it uses the Selecatec bar, and their more elderly machines predate this, using only inline hoses for coupling.
		The anaesthetic machines are very elderly, and as well don't include hypoxic prevention.
	www.mail-archive.com /bmelist@bme.asn.au/msg00152.html (403 words)

	MCQ-Vaporisers - Anaesthesia_MCQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		EV05b [Mar94] Using isoflurane with a Tec vaporiser out of circle with a FGF of 3 lpm.
		EV08 [1986] [1987] [1988] [Mar93] [Aug93] [Aug95] [Apr96] [Aug96] [Apr99] [Aug99] A hypothetical volatile anaesthetic agent with a saturated vapour pressure of 380 mmHg at 20C is placed in a copper kettle vaporiser.
		EV16 [Apr99] [Aug99] A drawover vaporiser with the vaporiser on the inspiratory limb of a circle system:
	www.anaesthesiamcq.com /wiki/mcqwiki/index.php/MCQ-Vaporisers (610 words)

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